Commonwealth Fusion Systems
- Company typePrivate
- Founded2018
- HeadquartersCambridge, United States
- Headcount1,001–5,000
- GTM typeB2B
- OfferingHardware or Manufacturing
Commonwealth Fusion Systems firmographics
Firmographics- Name
- Commonwealth Fusion Systems
- Legal name
- Commonwealth Fusion Systems LLC
- Website
- https://cfs.energy
- Company type
- Private
- Founded year
- 2018
- Operating status
- Operating
- Headcount range
- 1,001–5,000 employees
- Ownership category
- akta.pro rank
Commonwealth Fusion Systems industry classification
Industry- Product category
- Fusion Energy Systems
- SIC
- Electronic & Other Electrical Equipment (No Computer Equip) (3600)
- akta.pro primary industry
- Gen IV / Advanced Reactor Systems (SFR, LFR, GFR, MSR, HTGR, Microreactors) (EUAKADAC)
Keywords
Where Commonwealth Fusion Systems is headquartered
LocationHeadquarters
- HQ city
- Cambridge
- HQ country
- United States
- HQ region
- North America
Offices3 records
Markets served
Commonwealth Fusion Systems business model
Business model- GTM type
- B2B
- Offering type
- Hardware or Manufacturing
- Cost components
- Technology or R&D, Personnel, Infrastructure, Supply Chain, Operations
Revenue model
- Electricity Sales from ARC Power Plants: CFS will generate revenue by selling electricity produced from its ARC commercial fusion power plants to customers via power purchase agreements. The first ARC plant in Virginia will produce 400 MW for sale to Google (200 MW) and Eni (remaining capacity).
- HTS Magnet Sales: CFS sells high-temperature superconducting magnets to other fusion companies including Realta Fusion and has licensed technology to Type One Fusion, generating revenue while completing its own fusion plants.
Go-to-market motion2 records
Distribution channels3 records
Marketing channels5 records
Commonwealth Fusion Systems product offering
Product offeringCore offering
Commonwealth Fusion Systems designs, manufactures, and develops commercial fusion energy systems based on high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet-enabled tokamak technology. Its core offerings include SPARC, a net-energy fusion demonstration machine, and ARC, a 400 MW commercial fusion power plant planned for Virginia, along with HTS magnet products sold to other fusion developers.
Product overview
Commonwealth Fusion Systems is a commercial fusion energy company that offers a portfolio of products centered on HTS magnet-enabled tokamak fusion systems. The core offerings include SPARC (demonstration fusion device proving net energy viability using HTS magnets), ARC (commercial fusion power plant design targeting 400 MW electricity generation), and enabling HTS magnet technology. The company also provides an AI-powered digital twin service using Siemens and NVIDIA technology for accelerated fusion machine development.
Differentiator
Problem solved
Functional benefit
Brands
- SPARC: World's first commercially-relevant net energy fusion machine under construction in Devens, Massachusetts
- ARC
- SPARC (demonstration machine)
- ARC (commercialization)
Products and services
- SPARC SPARC is the world's first commercially-relevant net energy fusion machine — a compact high-field tokamak using HTS magnets designed to produce plasmas that generate more energy than consumed (Q>1). It serves as the demonstration device for commercial fusion viability.
- ARC ARC is the world's first commercial fusion power plant, designed to deliver 400 MW of grid-connected electricity from approximately 1.1 GW of fusion power using deuterium-tritium fusion with molten salt heat extraction, with deployment targeted for the early 2030s.
- HTS Magnets 20-tesla class D-shaped toroidal field magnets built with REBCO high-temperature superconducting tape technology, sold to other fusion developers (e.g., Realta Fusion) and licensed to firms like Type One Fusion, enabling compact tokamak designs.
- AI-Powered Digital Twin AI-enabled virtual replica of the SPARC fusion machine built with NVIDIA Omniverse and Siemens Xcelerator, enabling rapid simulation, hypothesis testing, and virtual optimization of fusion designs.
Quantifiable outcome
- SPARC demonstration machine on track for first plasma in 2027 with net energy gain (Q>1)
- +3 more outcomes
Companies that use Commonwealth Fusion Systems
Customer profileNamed customers3 records
Segments3 records
Ideal customer profiles4 records
Commonwealth Fusion Systems technology and API
TechnologyTechnology focussed Yes
API detail
- Has API
- No
- API docs
- API detail
Core technology
AI maturity
App detail
Integration2 records
AI capability4 records
Feature5 records
Commonwealth Fusion Systems partnerships and signals
Strategic signalPartnerships
Seven partnerships are on record, tiered strategic and core.
- UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA)strategicCFS became first international partner in UKAEA's £220 million Lithium Breeding Tritium Innovation (LIBRTI) program. Gains early access to Culham Campus testing infrastructure including high-flux neutron source for blanket technology development supporting ARC power plant design.
- A*STAR SingaporestrategicFive-year collaboration with Singapore's Agency for Science, Technology and Research to develop fusion energy technologies and position Singapore as early participant in global fusion supply chain. Builds on existing work on SPARC components with ST Engineering.
- Realta FusionstrategicLong-term strategic partnership for design and manufacturing of HTS magnets for Realta's magnetic mirror fusion systems. Multi-billion dollar potential value includes magnets for demonstration prototypes and commercial plants. Formalizes relationship dating to 2020 ARPA-E funding of WHAM project at University of Wisconsin-Madison.
- NVIDIA and SiemenscoreCFS announced partnerships with NVIDIA and Siemens to develop AI-powered digital twin of SPARC fusion machine. Uses NVIDIA Omniverse libraries and Siemens Xcelerator industrial software to compress years of experimentation into weeks of virtual optimization. Visual illustration unveiled at CES 2026.
- Dominion Energy VirginiacoreDominion Energy providing non-financial collaboration for ARC power plant including development and technical expertise as well as leasing rights for the James River Industrial Center site in Chesterfield County, Virginia. Joint development agreement for first commercial fusion plant.
- US Department of Energy (DOE)coreDOE selected CFS for $46 million milestone-based program to develop commercial fusion energy, focusing on SPARC. CFS completed magnet technology performance test validated by DOE independent review panel, receiving $8 million milestone payment. Part of Milestone-Based Fusion Development Program.
- MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center (PSFC)coreCFS was spun out of MIT in 2018, combining decades of MIT fusion research with private sector speed. MIT PSFC provides ongoing research collaboration, scientific expertise, and validated the 20-tesla HTS magnet technology. The partnership has produced multiple peer-reviewed publications and enabled the development of SPARC and ARC fusion systems.
Scale indicators10 records
Recent moves8 records
Expansion highlights7 records
Commonwealth Fusion Systems competitors and assessment
Company assessmentDirect peers
- Helion Energy: Direct peer pursuing commercial fusion energy using a pulsed field-reversed configuration (FRC) with D-3He fuel. One of CFS's most direct competitors, having raised over $1B and signed its own Microsoft offtake agreement — competing head-to-head for hyperscaler baseload power customers.
- TAE Technologies: Direct peer developing commercial fusion using field-reversed configuration with proton-boron (p-B11) aneutronic fuel. Another leading private fusion competitor with comparable funding scale and similar target timeline, pursuing a different architectural approach than CFS's tokamak.
- Tokamak Energy: Direct peer building spherical tokamak fusion devices, also leveraging HTS magnet technology. Closest architectural competitor to CFS using a tokamak configuration, with ongoing HTS magnet program that competes for similar engineering talent and supply chain resources.
- General Fusion: Direct peer pursuing magnetized target fusion (MTF) with steam-piston liner compression. Canadian-based private fusion company among the leading competitors in the race to commercial fusion, with comparable funding scale and government partnerships.
- Zap Energy: Direct peer developing sheared-flow Z-pinch fusion, a fundamentally different approach that does not require expensive HTS magnets or lasers. Represents a low-cost alternative path to commercial fusion that could compete on economics.
Emerging players
- Type One Energy: Emerging peer pursuing stellarator-based fusion using HTS magnets, and a technology licensee of CFS's HTS magnet IP. Represents both a competing fusion architecture and a customer of CFS's magnet technology.
- Realta Fusion: Emerging peer developing magnetic mirror fusion systems, with a multi-billion-dollar HTS magnet supply partnership with CFS. Functions as both a partial competitor and a strategic customer for CFS's magnet technology.
Broad incumbents
- Westinghouse Electric Company: Broad incumbent in the commercial nuclear power industry, building conventional light-water and small modular reactors. Represents the established competition for clean baseload power, with deep utility relationships and regulatory track record that CFS must compete against.
- X-Energy: Broad incumbent developing high-temperature gas-cooled (Xe-100) small modular reactors for industrial and utility applications. Represents advanced fission competition for the same hyperscaler and utility customers CFS is targeting with fusion.
- TerraPower: Broad incumbent founded by Bill Gates developing traveling-wave and molten salt reactors for commercial nuclear power. Competes for the same clean baseload market and has overlapping investor ecosystem (Breakthrough Energy Ventures) with CFS.
Market position
Strengths5 records
Weaknesses5 records
Competitive moat6 records
Key risks6 records
Key highlights7 records
Customer concentration
Commonwealth Fusion Systems social profiles
Digital presenceCommonwealth Fusion Systems compliance and trust
Trust signalCompliance1 record
Commonwealth Fusion Systems financial estimates
Financial estimateRevenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Commonwealth Fusion Systems leadership team
Management profileNumber of profiles
Profiles17 records
Commonwealth Fusion Systems funding detail
Funding detailFunding overview
Funding rounds9 records
Investors54 records
Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Commonwealth Fusion Systems M&A and investment
M&A and investmentM&A
Investments
M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Frequently asked questions about Commonwealth Fusion Systems
What does Commonwealth Fusion Systems do?
Commonwealth Fusion Systems designs, manufactures, and develops commercial fusion energy systems based on high-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnet-enabled tokamak technology. Its core offerings include SPARC, a net-energy fusion demonstration machine, and ARC, a 400 MW commercial fusion power plant planned for Virginia, along with HTS magnet products sold to other fusion developers.
Is Commonwealth Fusion Systems a public or private company?
Commonwealth Fusion Systems is a private company. It is classified as venture growth investor backed and is currently operating.
When was Commonwealth Fusion Systems founded?
Commonwealth Fusion Systems was founded in 2018. It employs 1,001 to 5,000 people.
Where is Commonwealth Fusion Systems based?
Commonwealth Fusion Systems is headquartered in Cambridge, United States, in the North America region.
How does Commonwealth Fusion Systems make money?
Two revenue lines are on record. Electricity Sales from ARC Power Plants are the primary driver. The others are HTS Magnet Sales.
Who are Commonwealth Fusion Systems's main competitors?
Direct peers on record are Helion Energy, TAE Technologies, Tokamak Energy, General Fusion and Zap Energy. Emerging players are Type One Energy and Realta Fusion. Broad incumbents are Westinghouse Electric Company, X-Energy and TerraPower.
Does Commonwealth Fusion Systems have an API?
No public API is recorded for Commonwealth Fusion Systems.
What industry is Commonwealth Fusion Systems in?
Commonwealth Fusion Systems's product category is Fusion Energy Systems. Its primary akta.pro industry code is EUAKADAC, Gen IV / Advanced Reactor Systems (SFR, LFR, GFR, MSR, HTGR, Microreactors). Its SIC code is 3600.