ASML

What ASML does

ASML Holding N.V. is the world's sole manufacturer of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography systems and a dominant supplier of deep ultraviolet (DUV) lithography systems, metrology and inspection tools, and computational lithography software used to pattern the most advanced semiconductor chips. Founded in 1984 as a joint venture between Philips and ASMI, the company is headquartered in Veldhoven, Netherlands, and listed on Euronext Amsterdam and NASDAQ (ticker ASML). Its systems print the sub-7nm circuit patterns that power AI accelerators, data-center CPUs/GPUs, mobile processors, DRAM/HBM/NAND memory, and automotive semiconductors. The product portfolio spans EUV (NXE and High-NA EXE platforms), DUV (TWINSCAN NXT and XT series including immersion and dry systems), YieldStar optical metrology, e-beam inspection (HMI), and Brion computational lithography, complemented by refurbished systems and a 24/7 global customer support operation across three continents.

ASML sells $150-400 million lithography systems directly to a small set of global chipmakers — TSMC, Samsung, Intel, SK Hynix, and Micron — through enterprise field sales with multi-year sales cycles, deep technical integration, and long-term service contracts. Revenue is generated from new system sales (FY2025 EUV revenue €13.47B, +39% YoY), installed base services and upgrades (€2.5B, +25% YoY), and refurbished systems. The installed base of 314 EUV systems worldwide underpins a recurring service revenue stream with high switching costs. ASML operates more than 44,000 FTEs representing 143 nationalities across sites in the Netherlands, United States (Wilton, Hillsboro, Silicon Valley, San Diego), Germany, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, China, and Israel, with major R&D and manufacturing in Veldhoven and Berlin. FY2025 net sales were €32.7B (~$37.94B) with €11.16B in net income (+26.91% YoY), gross margins of 52.8%, and a $45.06B order backlog. Customer demand is anchored in AI infrastructure capex (Amazon, Alphabet, Microsoft, Meta have collectively committed over $600B) and the EUV production roadmap scaling from 60 units in 2026 to 80 units in 2027, while the company faces active US export-control scrutiny on China shipments and proposed MATCH Act restrictions on immersion DUV systems to China.

Name

ASML

Legal name

ASML Holding N.V.

Website

https://asml.com

Company type

Public

Founded year

1984

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

5,001–10,000 employees

Short description

ASML is the world's sole manufacturer of extreme ultraviolet lithography systems and a leading supplier of DUV lithography machines, metrology, and computational lithography software, serving TSMC, Samsung, Intel, SK Hynix, and Micron to produce sub-3nm semiconductors.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Semiconductor Lithography Equipment

NAICS

Semiconductor Machinery Manufacturing (333242)

SIC

Optical Instruments & Lenses (3827), Instruments For Meas & Testing Of Electricity & Elec Signals (3825)

akta.pro primary industry

Lithography Equipment (DUV/EUV) (HDAHAEAA)

Keywords

• EUV lithography systems
• DUV lithography systems
• Semiconductor manufacturing equipment
• Wafer metrology inspection
• Computational lithography software

Headquarters

HQ city

Veldhoven

HQ country

Netherlands

HQ region

Europe

Offices15 records

Markets served

GTM type

B2B

Offering type

Hardware or Manufacturing

Cost components

Technology or R&D, Supply Chain, Personnel, Operations, Infrastructure

Revenue model

1. New Lithography System Sales: ASML generates primary revenue from selling new EUV and DUV lithography systems to semiconductor manufacturers. Each EUV machine costs $150-400 million. The company shipped its 100th EUV system in 2020 and continues scaling production to 60 units in 2026 and 80 units in 2027.
2. Installed Base Services and Upgrades: ASML generates recurring revenue from servicing and upgrading installed systems at customer sites. Installed base revenue reached €2.5 billion, up 25% year-over-year, driven by upgrades and services for the growing global fleet of ASML systems.
3. Refurbished Systems: ASML offers refurbished lithography systems as part of its product portfolio, extending value from mature system platforms.

Pricing tiers

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels1 record

Marketing channels4 records

Core offering

ASML designs, manufactures, and services lithography machines and related software that enable semiconductor manufacturers to print circuit patterns onto silicon wafers. Its portfolio includes EUV lithography systems (TWINSCAN NXE series and High NA EXE platform), DUV lithography systems (ArF immersion and dry, including TWINSCAN NXT and XT series), metrology and inspection systems (YieldStar and HMI e-beam), computational lithography software, refurbished systems, and 24/7 global customer support services.

Product overview

ASML provides a comprehensive portfolio of semiconductor manufacturing equipment centered on lithography systems. The core offerings include EUV Lithography Systems (the world's only extreme ultraviolet lithography machines, including High NA EXE platform for next-generation nodes) and DUV Lithography Systems (ArF immersion and dry systems including the TWINSCAN NXT and XT series). These hardware systems are complemented by Metrology & Inspection Systems (YieldStar and e-beam inspection from HMI) and Computational Lithography software for process optimization. ASML's Holistic Lithography approach integrates all these products—hardware, software, and services—to help chipmakers optimize chip patterning from R&D to volume manufacturing. Additional offerings include refurbished systems and extensive global customer support services.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Brands

• Cymer: Independently operated business within ASML that develops, manufactures and services deep-ultraviolet (DUV) light sources for lithography systems.
• Brion
• HMI (Hermes Microvision)

Products and services

• EUV Lithography Systems Extreme ultraviolet lithography systems using 13.5nm wavelength light to print the tiny patterns that form circuits inside advanced semiconductor chips. Includes the TWINSCAN NXE series for production and the High NA EXE platform for next-generation nodes at 3nm and below.
• DUV Lithography Systems Deep ultraviolet lithography systems including ArF immersion and dry systems for mainstream and advanced chip manufacturing. Includes the TWINSCAN NXT series workhorses and the TWINSCAN XT series for various node requirements.
• Metrology & Inspection Systems

Quantifiable outcome

• Gross margins expanded from 48.6% in 2020 to 52.8% in 2025
• +3 more outcomes

Named customers5 records

Segments1 record

Ideal customer profiles1 record

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API

No

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature7 records

Partnerships

Five partnerships are on record, tiered core.

• IBMcoreTechnology or Integration · 25 June 2026ASML is a development partner in IBM's breakthrough sub-1nm chip technology featuring 0.7nm nanostack architecture. ASML's High-NA EUV tool capabilities are essential for IBM's path to production within five years. The collaboration includes other partners: Lam Research Corp., Tokyo Electron, and SCREEN Semiconductor Solutions.
• TNO (Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 24 June 2026Partnership to establish a photonic chip pilot line at High Tech Campus in Eindhoven, Netherlands. ASML is deploying its DUV and I-Line lithography systems at the facility to advance large-scale manufacturing of 6-inch Indium Phosphide photonic chips and support Europe's goal of strengthening its semiconductor supply chain.
• Samsung ElectronicscoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 23 June 2026ASML engineers from ASML Korea have been dispatched to Samsung's Taylor, Texas fab to support equipment-level execution. The Taylor facility is reportedly targeting 2nm process technology for HPC and automotive chips.
• ImeccoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 19 June 2026ASML collaborates with imec and TSMC on 2D-material transistor research, integrating both n-type and p-type 2D-material transistors on a single 300mm wafer at 50nm contacted poly pitch. This collaboration aims to advance post-silicon semiconductor technology.
• Tata ElectronicscoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 16 May 2026Strategic partnership announced May 16, 2026 to advance the semiconductor manufacturing ecosystem in India. Tata Electronics and ASML will collaborate to support India's semiconductor manufacturing ambitions under the India Semiconductor Mission.

Scale indicators10 records

Recent moves8 records

Expansion highlights6 records

Broad incumbents

• SCREEN Holdings: SCREEN Semiconductor Solutions is a leading supplier of wafer cleaning, coating, and developing equipment used alongside ASML's lithography systems. SCREEN is also a co-development partner with ASML and IBM on next-generation node technology, making it both a competitor and ecosystem participant.
• Tokyo Electron (TEL): Tokyo Electron is a leading broad-line semiconductor equipment maker specializing in coater/developer tracks that directly integrate with ASML's lithography systems, as well as etch, deposition, and cleaning tools. TEL is a critical ecosystem partner and competitor in adjacent process steps.
• Applied Materials: Applied Materials is the largest broad-line semiconductor wafer fabrication equipment provider, offering deposition, etch, inspection, and CMP systems complementary to ASML's lithography. It serves the same leading chipmakers and competes for share-of-wallet at customer fabs.
• KLA Corporation: KLA is the dominant provider of process control and yield management solutions for the semiconductor industry, directly competing with ASML's HMI e-beam inspection and YieldStar metrology franchises. KLA's inspection tools are essential complements to ASML's lithography systems.
• Lam Research: Lam Research is a major semiconductor equipment manufacturer focused on etch and deposition technologies, serving the same leading chipmakers as ASML. Lam is a co-development partner with ASML and IBM on sub-1nm technology and competes for capital budgets at customer fabs.

Direct peers

• Canon Inc. Canon competes with ASML in semiconductor lithography, particularly in i-line and KrF steppers, and is actively developing nanoimprint lithography as a potential alternative to EUV. Canon serves many of the same chipmaker customers as ASML for non-leading-edge nodes.
• Nikon Corporation: Nikon operates a Semiconductor Lithography Business competing with ASML in DUV and ArF immersion lithography systems for advanced chip manufacturing. Although Nikon has not commercialized EUV, it remains the most direct lithography equipment competitor to ASML globally.

Regional players

• Hitachi High-Tech: Hitachi High-Tech manufactures semiconductor metrology, inspection, and CD-SEM equipment primarily serving Japanese and Asian chipmakers, overlapping with ASML's HMI e-beam metrology business. It is a regional competitor with deep relationships in Japan-based customer fabs.

Emerging players

• Onto Innovation: Onto Innovation provides optical metrology, inspection, and software solutions for semiconductor manufacturing, competing with ASML's YieldStar and HMI offerings in process control. It targets similar advanced-node and packaging use cases with a focused portfolio.

Others

• Carl Zeiss SMT: Carl Zeiss SMT is ASML's strategic and exclusive supplier of the high-precision optics used in EUV and DUV lithography systems. It is not a direct competitor but a critical enabling partner whose deep optical expertise underpins ASML's technological moat.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

• Xx.com/ASMLcompany
• LinkedInlinkedin.com/company/asml
• Facebookfacebook.com/asml

Compliance8 records

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Profiles6 records

Subsidiaries5 records

Funding overview

Funding rounds1 record

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A6 records

Investments3 records

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about ASML