Caelux
Caelux Corporation manufactures proprietary perovskite-coated Active Glass that solar module makers integrate into existing silicon production lines to produce 4-terminal hybrid tandem modules delivering up to 28% efficiency, selling to module manufacturers in the US, India, and Puerto Rico.
- Company typePrivate
- Founded2014
- HeadquartersPasadena, United States
- Headcount51–100
- GTM typeB2B
- OfferingHardware or Manufacturing
What Caelux does
Caelux Corporation is a US-based perovskite solar technology company (founded 2014, headquartered in Pasadena, California) that develops and manufactures Perovskite Active Glass — a proprietary perovskite-coated front glass product that replaces the standard cover glass on silicon solar modules, enabling four-terminal (4T) hybrid tandem module architectures. The core technology converts visible and UV light in a perovskite layer while letting infrared light pass through to an underlying silicon cell (PERC, TOPCon, HJT, or BC), yielding up to ~6% absolute efficiency improvement at the module level and up to 28% conversion efficiency versus ~25% for conventional TOPCon; claimed outcomes include up to 30% more power per module, 20% lower installed cost, and 15% lower LCOE. The company also leverages a radiation self-healing perovskite effect (discovered with Caltech in 2018) for space and terrestrial applications.
Caelux operates a Tier 2 OEM-embedded business model: it manufactures Active Glass at a 50MW production line in Baldwin Park, California, and sells it on multi-year contracts to silicon solar module manufacturers (Rayzon Solar, Navitas Solar, Solx, and others via 11 MOUs) who integrate the glass into their existing production lines with minimal process changes. Revenue mechanics combine per-unit hardware sales (CaeluxPrime and CaeluxOne product tiers) with multi-year licensing/technology partnerships carrying GW-scale volume commitments (Rayzon 5 GW, Navitas 5 GW, Solx 3 GW = 13 GW total committed capacity targeting 2027-2028 commercial production). Manufacturing uses ML and computer vision for real-time defect detection and process optimization, and Caelux's US-domestic production qualifies modules for IRA ITC/PTC domestic-content bonuses plus a $0.04/W thin-film refundable tax credit through 2029.
The company has raised approximately $70 million in total funding, led by Temasek (Series A3 lead), Khosla Ventures, Reliance New Energy (20% strategic stake), Mitsui Fudosan, and Fine Structure Ventures. Caelux completed its first commercial Active Glass shipment in July 2025 and is led by CEO Scott Graybeal, CTO Charlie Hasselbrink, COO Jiunn Benjamin Heng, SVP Sales & Marketing Aaron Thurlow, and Managing Director India & Middle East Vish Iyer. Recognitions include TIME America's Top GreenTech Companies 2025, CleanTech Breakthrough Solar Technology Company of the Year, MIT Technology Review 10 Breakthrough Technologies 2024, and a 2023 BIG Green Company of the Year award.
Caelux firmographics
Firmographics- Name
- Caelux
- Legal name
- Caelux Corporation
- Website
- https://caelux.com
- Company type
- Private
- Founded year
- 2014
- Operating status
- Operating
- Headcount range
- 51–100 employees
- Short description
- Caelux Corporation manufactures proprietary perovskite-coated Active Glass that solar module makers integrate into existing silicon production lines to produce 4-terminal hybrid tandem modules delivering up to 28% efficiency, selling to module manufacturers in the US, India, and Puerto Rico.
- Ownership category
- akta.pro rank
Caelux industry classification
Industry- Product category
- Solar Module Components
- NAICS
- Flat Glass Manufacturing (327211)
- SIC
- Flat Glass (3211)
- akta.pro primary industry
- Solar PV Module & Cell Manufacturing (Crystalline, Thin-Film) (EUAMAHAA)
- akta.pro secondary industries
- Next-Gen Photovoltaics R&D (Perovskite, Tandem, Organic, BIPV Materials) (EUAMAOAA), Low‑E, Solar Control & Energy-Efficient Coated Glass (IMADAHAF)
Keywords
Where Caelux is headquartered
LocationHeadquarters
- HQ city
- Pasadena
- HQ country
- United States
- HQ region
- North America
Offices4 records
Markets served
Caelux business model
Business model- GTM type
- B2B
- Offering type
- Hardware or Manufacturing
- Cost components
- Technology or R&D, Personnel, Operations, Infrastructure, Marketing or Sales, Supply Chain
Revenue model
- Perovskite Active Glass (Caelux One / Caelux Prime): Caelux manufactures and sells its proprietary perovskite-coated glass to solar module manufacturers. Module makers purchase Caelux Active Glass and integrate it into their existing silicon solar module production lines to create Hybrid-Tandem modules. Revenue is generated through product sales of glass panels on a per-unit basis.
- Licensing and Technology Partnerships: Caelux enters multi-year commercial partnerships with module manufacturers (Rayzon Solar, Navitas Solar, Solx) granting technology access to use Caelux Active Glass in their module products, with defined production volumes (GW commitments) and commercial terms.
Pricing tiers
| Model | Billing | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Unit Pricing | Multi-year contract | CaeluxPrime - Limited initial customer release product |
| Unit Pricing | Multi-year contract | CaeluxOne - Flagship mainstream product |
Go-to-market motion3 records
Distribution channels4 records
Marketing channels6 records
Caelux product offering
Product offeringCore offering
Caelux manufactures and sells proprietary perovskite-coated Active Glass to solar module manufacturers as a drop-in replacement for the front glass of conventional silicon solar modules. The Active Glass acts as a second power-generating layer, enabling hybrid tandem modules that deliver up to 30% more power output and 6% absolute efficiency gains over conventional modules without requiring new capex from module makers.
Product overview
Caelux offers a portfolio of perovskite-based solar technology products that transform conventional silicon solar modules into high-efficiency hybrid tandem modules. The core product is Caelux Active Glass, a proprietary perovskite-coated glass that replaces the front glass in traditional silicon solar panels. Two main product tiers exist: CaeluxPrime (limited early-access with up to 3% absolute efficiency improvement) and CaeluxOne (flagship mainstream product with up to 6% absolute efficiency improvement). The products enable existing solar manufacturers to create Hybrid-Tandem modules with two power generation layers without major changes to their production lines. The technology delivers up to 30% more power generation capacity and 20% lower installed costs compared to conventional solar modules.
Differentiator
Problem solved
Functional benefit
Brands
- CaeluxPrime™: Limited and exclusively available to initial customers and partners, providing up to 3% absolute efficiency improvement over conventional solar modules.
- CaeluxOne™
- Active Glass
Products and services
- Caelux Active Glass
- CaeluxOne
- CaeluxPrime
- Hybrid Tandem Solar Modules
Quantifiable outcome
- Up to 30% more power generation capacity per solar panel
- +7 more outcomes
Companies that use Caelux
Customer profileNamed customers3 records
Segments2 records
Ideal customer profiles2 records
Caelux technology and API
TechnologyTechnology focussed Yes
API detail
- Has API
- No
- API docs
- API detail
Core technology
AI maturity
App detail
AI capability4 records
Feature5 records
Caelux partnerships and signals
Strategic signalPartnerships
Ten partnerships are on record, tiered flagship, secondary and minor.
- Rayzon SolarflagshipRayzon Solar and Caelux signed a five-year, 5 GW partnership to integrate Caelux's perovskite solar glass with Rayzon Solar's TOPCon modules, producing hybrid tandem modules with efficiencies of 28%. The partnership leverages Rayzon Solar's 11.3 GW manufacturing facilities in Surat, Gujarat, with commercial volumes expected by 2028 for India's government-tendered utility market. Supports India's 'Make in India' vision and clean energy goal of 500 GW by 2030.
- Navitas SolarflagshipNavitas Solar and Caelux entered a five-year, 5 GW partnership to produce hybrid tandem solar modules combining perovskite and silicon technologies with efficiencies reaching up to 28%. Commercial production targeted for 2028 and will meet India's Approved List of Module Manufacturers (ALMM) requirements. Supports India's target of 500 GW renewable energy by 2030.
- CuspAIsecondaryCaelux joined CuspAI's AI Materials Foundry as a founding partner — a global network of more than 45 partner organizations combining expertise in AI, compute infrastructure, and domain knowledge to discover novel materials for semiconductors, clean energy, and advanced manufacturing. Caelux contributes perovskite solar cell domain expertise to the network.
- SolxflagshipSolx and Caelux announced a five-year, 3 GW strategic partnership to commercialize ultra-high efficiency hybrid tandem solar modules using Caelux's Active Glass technology integrated into Solx's Aurora platform, achieving 28% efficiency. US production is already underway with beta modules deployed in a domestic project. Suniva supplies US-made monocrystalline silicon solar cells. Commercial volumes expected 2027.
- SunivasecondarySuniva supplies US-made monocrystalline silicon solar cells as the second power layer for Solx's Aurora modules under the Caelux-Solx partnership. Suniva is building a 4.5 GW manufacturing facility in Laurens, South Carolina to support the domestic solar supply chain.
- University of New South Wales (UNSW)minorCaelux partnered with UNSW's ACDC Research Group on a solar research project to advance perovskite technology development and reliability testing.
- US-MAP (U.S. Manufacturing for Advanced Perovskites)secondaryCaelux was invited to join the Industry Advisory Board for the US-MAP consortium, a public-private effort involving NREL, laboratories, universities, and private industry. The consortium seeks to accelerate perovskite R&D, development, and manufacturing to reduce costs and minimize investor risks. Caelux co-leads the US-MAP working group on perovskite circular supply chain.
- SEMA Coalition (Solar Energy Manufacturing for America)secondaryCaelux joined the SEMA coalition led by Boundary Stone Partners, supporting Senator Ossoff's bill (S.2140) to provide domestic solar supply manufacturing tax credits. Caelux actively advocated for thin-film PV provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act, which incorporated a $0.04/watt refundable tax credit for Caelux through 2029.
- Innovate PasadenaminorCaelux joined Innovate Pasadena to facilitate collaboration across business, academia, and the broader community. The organization connects local companies with representatives from Pasadena City Council, Idealab, Art Center, Caltech, and Pasadena City College.
- CaltechsecondaryCaelux partnered with Caltech to discover the self-healing phenomenon in perovskite cells (2018). The partnership continues with deployment of Caelux perovskite solar cells in space as part of Caltech's ALBA project. Caelux is also a spinout from Caltech.
Scale indicators10 records
Recent moves6 records
Expansion highlights7 records
Caelux competitors and assessment
Company assessmentDirect peers
- Oxford PV: Oxford PV is developing perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells and modules and is widely considered the most advanced commercial perovskite tandem player. Both companies pursue perovskite-on-silicon tandem architectures to boost silicon module efficiency.
- Swift Solar: Swift Solar is a US-based perovskite tandem startup developing lightweight, high-efficiency perovskite-silicon tandem modules. It is a direct technology peer to Caelux, listed alongside Caelux in MIT Tech Review's 2024 10 Breakthrough Technologies for super-efficient solar cells.
- Tandem PV: Tandem PV is a perovskite-silicon tandem cell developer focused on commercial-scale tandem modules. It is a direct competitor in next-gen tandem technology, listed alongside Caelux in MIT Tech Review's 2024 breakthrough list.
Broad incumbents
- First Solar: First Solar is the largest US-headquartered thin-film solar manufacturer (CdTe technology) with GW-scale operations. It is a broad incumbent in the thin-film solar space and competes indirectly with Caelux for module-maker mindshare and utility-scale project wins.
- Hanwha Q Cells: Hanwha Q Cells is one of the world's largest silicon solar module manufacturers with significant R&D into tandem and high-efficiency cell technologies. It was named alongside Caelux in MIT Tech Review's 2024 breakthrough list and represents the incumbent silicon module ecosystem Caelux targets.
- LONGi Green Energy: LONGi is the world's largest silicon wafer and module manufacturer and a major player in TOPCon and HJT cell technologies. As Caelux's SVP previously worked at LONGi, it is a key incumbent benchmark and potential competitor in tandem development.
- Trina Solar: Trina Solar is a top-tier global silicon module manufacturer actively developing TOPCon and tandem cell technologies. It is a relevant incumbent peer competing for the same silicon module manufacturer upgrade pipeline that Caelux targets.
- JA Solar: JA Solar is one of the largest global solar module manufacturers with TOPCon and next-gen cell development programs. As a broad incumbent, it competes for the same module-maker partnerships and downstream utility-scale customers as Caelux.
Emerging players
- Suniva: Suniva is a US-based monocrystalline silicon solar cell manufacturer building a 4.5 GW facility in South Carolina. It supplies US-made silicon cells for the Solx-Caelux partnership and represents an emerging US-domiciled solar player in the same domestic-content ecosystem.
Others
- Rayzon Solar: Rayzon Solar is an India-based solar module manufacturer operating 11.3 GW of TOPCon capacity in Surat, Gujarat. It is one of Caelux's three flagship 5 GW Active Glass integration partners and a key channel to the Indian ALMM market.
Market position
Strengths5 records
Weaknesses5 records
Competitive moat6 records
Key risks6 records
Key highlights7 records
Customer concentration
Caelux social profiles
Digital presenceCaelux financial estimates
Financial estimateRevenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Caelux leadership team
Management profileNumber of profiles
Profiles6 records
Caelux funding detail
Funding detailFunding overview
Funding rounds3 records
Investors6 records
Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Caelux M&A and investment
M&A and investmentM&A
Investments
M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Frequently asked questions about Caelux
What does Caelux do?
Caelux manufactures and sells proprietary perovskite-coated Active Glass to solar module manufacturers as a drop-in replacement for the front glass of conventional silicon solar modules. The Active Glass acts as a second power-generating layer, enabling hybrid tandem modules that deliver up to 30% more power output and 6% absolute efficiency gains over conventional modules without requiring new capex from module makers.
Is Caelux a public or private company?
Caelux is a private company. It is classified as venture growth investor backed and is currently operating.
When was Caelux founded?
Caelux was founded in 2014. It employs 51 to 100 people.
Where is Caelux based?
Caelux is headquartered in Pasadena, United States, in the North America region.
How does Caelux make money?
Two revenue lines are on record. Perovskite Active Glass (Caelux One / Caelux Prime) is the primary driver. The others are licensing and Technology Partnerships.
Who are Caelux's main competitors?
Direct peers on record are Oxford PV, Swift Solar and Tandem PV. Broad incumbents are First Solar, Hanwha Q Cells, LONGi Green Energy, Trina Solar and JA Solar. Suniva is listed as an emerging player. Rayzon Solar is listed as an others.
Does Caelux have an API?
No public API is recorded for Caelux.
What industry is Caelux in?
Caelux's product category is Solar Module Components. Its primary akta.pro industry code is EUAMAHAA, Solar PV Module & Cell Manufacturing (Crystalline, Thin-Film), with a secondary code of EUAMAOAA, Next-Gen Photovoltaics R&D (Perovskite, Tandem, Organic, BIPV Materials). Its NAICS code is 327211 and its SIC code is 3211.