Tr1x
Tr1X is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing allogeneic Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell therapies to cure autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, with lead programs TRX103 in graft-versus-host disease and Crohn's disease and TRX319 in progressive multiple sclerosis.
- Company typePrivate
- Founded2023
- HeadquartersSan Diego, United States
- Headcount11–50
- GTM typeB2B
- OfferingServices
What Tr1x does
Tr1X, Inc. is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company headquartered in San Diego, California, developing allogeneic Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell therapies for patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The company's TRX platform engineers Tr1 cells — a regulatory T-cell subset distinct from conventional Foxp3+ Tregs — to restore immune tolerance rather than broadly suppress immunity. Engineered Tr1 cells express chemokine receptors enabling trafficking to sites of inflammation, secrete suppressive cytokines (e.g., IL-10) directly within inflamed tissue, inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome, remain phenotypically stable under inflammatory conditions, and induce formation of de-novo regulatory T cells. The pipeline comprises TRX103 (allogeneic Tr1 Treg in Phase 1/2a for graft-versus-host disease prevention and treatment-refractory Crohn's disease, with Orphan Drug Designation), TRX319 (allogeneic CAR-Tr1 Treg in Phase 1/2a for progressive multiple sclerosis, with FDA Fast Track Designation), and TRX501 (preclinical in-vivo Tr1 program). Manufacturing is modular, scalable, and closed-system, supporting off-the-shelf administration.
The company is pre-revenue. Future revenue is intended to come from commercialization of approved cell therapy products; today, the income model consists primarily of non-dilutive grant funding such as the $8M CIRM award supporting TRX103 development. The go-to-market motion is event- and science-led: Tr1X presents clinical and preclinical data at scientific conferences (ASGCT, ASTCT), publishes in peer-reviewed journals, runs webinars (e.g., Cell & Gene Therapy Insights), and conducts clinical trials directly through leading US academic medical centers including Mayo Clinic, UCSF, Cleveland Clinic, Washington University, and Penn. Customers in the current stage are clinical trial investigators and enrolled patients across indications such as treatment-refractory Crohn's disease, HLA-mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, and progressive multiple sclerosis patients with EDSS 2.5–6.5. The company is venture-backed, with $75M Series A (January 2024, led by The Column Group) and a subsequent $50M financing extension (October 2025) extending cash runway into 2027.
Tr1x firmographics
Firmographics- Name
- Tr1x
- Legal name
- Tr1X, Inc.
- Website
- https://tr1x.bio
- Company type
- Private
- Founded year
- 2023
- Operating status
- Operating
- Headcount range
- 11–50 employees
- Short description
- Tr1X is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing allogeneic Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell therapies to cure autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, with lead programs TRX103 in graft-versus-host disease and Crohn's disease and TRX319 in progressive multiple sclerosis.
- Ownership category
- akta.pro rank
Tr1x industry classification
Industry- Product category
- Cell Therapy Biopharmaceuticals
- NAICS
- Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing (325414)
- SIC
- Biological Products, (No Disgnostic Substances) (2836)
- akta.pro primary industry
- Cell Therapy Developers (Allogeneic/Off-the-shelf) (HLAAABAB)
- akta.pro secondary industry
- Rare Immunology, Autoimmune & Autoinflammatory Therapies (HLAIAIAE)
Keywords
Where Tr1x is headquartered
LocationHeadquarters
- HQ city
- San Diego
- HQ country
- United States
- HQ region
- North America
Offices1 record
Markets served
Tr1x business model
Business model- GTM type
- B2B
- Offering type
- Services
- Cost components
- Technology or R&D, Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Infrastructure
Revenue model
- Allogeneic Cell Therapy Development & Commercialization: Tr1X is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing allogeneic Tr1 regulatory T cell therapies. Revenue will be generated through commercialization of approved cell therapy products. The company is not yet revenue-generating as all programs are in clinical development.
- Government Grants & Non-Dilutive Funding: Tr1X receives non-dilutive funding such as the $8M CIRM grant to support clinical trials for TRX103. These grants support clinical development costs without equity dilution.
Go-to-market motion2 records
Distribution channels1 record
Marketing channels6 records
Tr1x product offering
Product offeringCore offering
Tr1X develops allogeneic, off-the-shelf Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell therapies for patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Its lead clinical-stage candidates are TRX103 (an allogeneic Tr1 Treg cell therapy for graft-versus-host disease prevention and treatment-refractory Crohn's disease) and TRX319 (an allogeneic CAR-Tr1 Treg for progressive multiple sclerosis), with TRX501 (an in-vivo Tr1 program) in earlier research. Products are administered via physician-supervised intravenous infusion at clinical trial sites in the United States.
Product overview
Tr1X is developing a novel class of regulatory T cell-based therapies, specifically Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell therapies, to cure autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. The company's product portfolio includes TRX103 (an allogeneic engineered Tr1 Treg cell therapy for GvHD prevention and Crohn's disease), TRX319 (an allogeneic CAR-Tr1 Treg cell therapy for progressive multiple sclerosis with Fast Track Designation), and TRX501 (an in-vivo Tr1 program). The company operates clinical trials including the RESTORE trial for Crohn's disease and the IMPACT-MS trial for progressive multiple sclerosis. The platform combines cutting-edge genetic engineering with deep immunology expertise to create scalable curative therapies.
Differentiator
Problem solved
Functional benefit
Products and services
- TRX103 TRX103 is an allogeneic, off-the-shelf, non-antigen-specific Tr1 regulatory T cell therapy designed to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) in patients undergoing HLA-mismatched or haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplants and to treat moderate-to-severe treatment-refractory Crohn's disease. It is administered intravenously to enrolled trial participants at US clinical sites including Mayo Clinic, UCSF, Cleveland Clinic, and Northwestern.
- TRX319 TRX319 is a first-in-class allogeneic CAR-Tr1 Treg cell therapy designed to target and deplete pathogenic B cells while providing active Tr1-mediated anti-inflammatory signaling in a CNS-penetrant product. It is in development for progressive multiple sclerosis and has received FDA Fast Track Designation for primary or secondary PMS.
- TRX501 TRX501 is Tr1X's in-vivo Tr1 program in research stage, designed to generate Tr1 cells directly in vivo for undisclosed autoimmune indications beyond Tr1X's lead Crohn's disease, MS, and GvHD programs.
Quantifiable outcome
- Tr1 cells detectable in patient peripheral blood up to 1 year after administration, demonstrating long-term persistence and stability (Chen et al., Sci Transl Med 2021)
- +4 more outcomes
Companies that use Tr1x
Customer profileNamed customers3 records
Segments2 records
Ideal customer profiles2 records
Tr1x technology and API
TechnologyTechnology focussed Yes
API detail
- Has API
- No
- API docs
- API detail
Core technology
AI maturity
App detail
Feature5 records
Tr1x partnerships and signals
Strategic signalScale indicators6 records
Recent moves6 records
Expansion highlights6 records
Tr1x competitors and assessment
Company assessmentDirect peers
- Sonoma Biotherapeutics: Clinical-stage biotech developing regulatory T cell (Treg) therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Directly comparable to Tr1X as both pursue engineered Treg cell approaches for autoimmune indications, with overlapping leadership alumni (Tr1X's CTO previously led manufacturing at Sonoma).
- Kyverna Therapeutics: Clinical-stage cell therapy company developing CAR-T cell therapies for autoimmune diseases. Comparable to Tr1X in targeting autoimmune indications with engineered cell therapies, though Kyverna focuses on conventional CAR-T rather than Tr1/Treg biology.
- Quell Therapeutics: Cell therapy company developing engineered Treg cell therapies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and transplant tolerance. Directly comparable to Tr1X as a Treg-focused cell therapy peer targeting similar indications including GvHD prevention.
Broad incumbents
- Fate Therapeutics: Clinical-stage cell therapy company with an off-the-shelf, iPSC-derived NK and T-cell therapy platform for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Comparable to Tr1X in pursuing allogeneic off-the-shelf cell therapies, though with broader modality scope.
- Allogene Therapeutics: Clinical-stage cell therapy company developing allogeneic CAR-T cell therapies. Comparable to Tr1X in allogeneic cell therapy manufacturing scale-up, though focused on oncology rather than autoimmune indications.
- Bristol-Myers Squibb: Large pharmaceutical company with established cell therapy franchises (Breyanzi, Abecma) and significant autoimmune/inflammation portfolio. Comparable to Tr1X as a potential strategic acquirer/partner given overlap in autoimmune disease focus and cell therapy capabilities (Tr1X's CMO previously held senior roles at BMS).
- Novartis: Large pharmaceutical company with leading cell therapy franchise (Kymriah) and active autoimmune disease pipeline. Comparable to Tr1X as a potential strategic acquirer/partner given Tr1X's CMO previously led global autoimmunity translational medicine at Novartis.
Emerging players
- Century Therapeutics: Clinical-stage cell therapy company developing allogeneic iPSC-derived immune cell therapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Comparable to Tr1X in allogeneic cell therapy platform approach with emerging autoimmune programs.
- ATARA Biotherapeutics: Cell therapy company developing allogeneic T-cell and Treg therapies for autoimmune diseases and oncology. Comparable to Tr1X in allogeneic cell therapy approach targeting autoimmune indications including MS.
- Tevogen Bio: Clinical-stage cell therapy company developing allogeneic virus-specific T cell therapies, with expansion into autoimmune and infectious disease indications. Comparable to Tr1X in off-the-shelf allogeneic cell therapy approach.
Market position
Strengths5 records
Weaknesses5 records
Competitive moat3 records
Key risks6 records
Key highlights6 records
Customer concentration
Tr1x social profiles
Digital presenceTr1x compliance and trust
Trust signalCompliance3 records
Tr1x financial estimates
Financial estimateRevenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Tr1x leadership team
Management profileNumber of profiles
Profiles9 records
Tr1x funding detail
Funding detailFunding overview
Funding rounds4 records
Investors4 records
Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Tr1x M&A and investment
M&A and investmentM&A
Investments
M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Frequently asked questions about Tr1x
What does Tr1x do?
Tr1X develops allogeneic, off-the-shelf Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell therapies for patients with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Its lead clinical-stage candidates are TRX103 (an allogeneic Tr1 Treg cell therapy for graft-versus-host disease prevention and treatment-refractory Crohn's disease) and TRX319 (an allogeneic CAR-Tr1 Treg for progressive multiple sclerosis), with TRX501 (an in-vivo Tr1 program) in earlier research. Products are administered via physician-supervised intravenous infusion at clinical trial sites in the United States.
Is Tr1x a public or private company?
Tr1x is a private company. It is classified as venture growth investor backed and is currently operating.
When was Tr1x founded?
Tr1x was founded in 2023. It employs 11 to 50 people.
Where is Tr1x based?
Tr1x is headquartered in San Diego, United States, in the North America region.
How does Tr1x make money?
Two revenue lines are on record. Allogeneic Cell Therapy Development & Commercialization is the primary driver. The others are government Grants & Non-Dilutive Funding.
Who are Tr1x's main competitors?
Direct peers on record are Sonoma Biotherapeutics, Kyverna Therapeutics and Quell Therapeutics. Broad incumbents are Fate Therapeutics, Allogene Therapeutics, Bristol-Myers Squibb and Novartis. Emerging players are Century Therapeutics, ATARA Biotherapeutics and Tevogen Bio.
Does Tr1x have an API?
No public API is recorded for Tr1x.
What industry is Tr1x in?
Tr1x's product category is Cell Therapy Biopharmaceuticals. Its primary akta.pro industry code is HLAAABAB, Cell Therapy Developers (Allogeneic/Off-the-shelf), with a secondary code of HLAIAIAE, Rare Immunology, Autoimmune & Autoinflammatory Therapies. Its NAICS code is 325414 and its SIC code is 2836.