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CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)

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Namestring
CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)
Legal namestring
CVC Secondary Partners Limited
Websiteurl
glendower.com
Company typeenum
Private
Founded yearint
2017
Descriptiontext

CVC Secondary Partners (formerly Glendower Capital) is a private markets investment manager specializing in secondary transactions in private equity and credit funds. The firm pursues a two-pronged strategy: acquiring limited partner fund portfolios (LP secondaries) and executing general partner-led transactions, including single-asset and multi-asset continuation vehicles. The senior team has worked together in secondaries since 2005, originally at Deutsche Asset Management, then as Glendower Capital (founded 2017), and since 2022 within the CVC Capital Partners group, from which it rebranded to CVC Secondary Partners in 2024.

CVC Secondary Partners generates revenue through two streams standard to private equity fund management: recurring management fees on committed capital from institutional limited partners, and performance-based carried interest on investment returns. Its client base is composed entirely of institutional investors — pension funds, insurance companies, and sovereign wealth funds — accessed through direct enterprise sales supported by CVC's 29-office global network. Cumulative scale includes $15 billion+ in aggregate capital commitments, 200+ closed transactions, 1,800+ fund interests acquired, and 70+ bespoke continuation vehicles executed.

The product surface has expanded from a pure-play PE secondary manager into a broader private markets secondaries platform with the 2025 launch of a dedicated credit secondaries platform. Operational support is delivered through dedicated LP portals (Intralinks and eFront), and the firm has no disclosed proprietary technology platform beyond its in-house transaction-screening database. Recent landmark transactions include a $1.1 billion managed fund secondary with M&G Investments (December 2025) and a $2.3 billion single-asset continuation vehicle for SubCom led on behalf of Cerberus Capital Management (April 2026).

Short descriptiontext

CVC Secondary Partners is a private markets investment manager specializing in secondary transactions in private equity and credit funds, serving institutional investors (pension funds, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds) globally through LP portfolio acquisitions and GP-led continuation vehicles.

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
101–250
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersLondon, United Kingdom
HQ citystring
London
HQ countrystring
United Kingdom
HQ regionstring
Europe
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices1 record

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
private equity secondaries, secondary fund investments, continuation vehicles, credit secondaries platform, limited partner interests
Industry3 codes
1Secondary Venture Funds (VC Secondaries)
CodeFSANAAAKPrimaryYes
2LP Secondaries — Venture Capital Funds
CodeFSAHALABPrimaryNo
3Corporate Venture Capital (CVC)
CodeFSANAAAFPrimaryNo
NAICS code1 code
  • Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage5231
SIC code1 code
  • Security Brokers, Dealers & Flotation Companies6211
Product category
Private Markets Investment Management
Social media profiles1 record
GTM motion1 record

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model2 records
1Management Fees
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

CVC Secondary Partners charges management fees on committed capital from institutional investors (pension funds, insurance companies, and other leading institutions) who invest in their secondary funds.

cvc.com
2Carried Interest
TypeManaged Services
Description

The firm earns performance-based carried interest on investment returns generated for Limited Partners across their secondary private equity and credit fund investments.

cvc.com
Marketing channels4 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels2 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components5 values
Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Infrastructure, Technology or R&D
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeServices
Services
Core offering1 text field

CVC Secondary Partners is a private markets investment manager that acquires limited partner fund interests in private equity and credit funds and structures GP-led continuation vehicles, providing liquidity solutions to institutional sellers and fund managers. The firm pursues a two-pronged strategy focused on LP fund portfolios and GP-led transactions, managing $15 billion in aggregate capital commitments and screening approximately US$1 trillion of secondary transactions across its history.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 of 4 values shown
  • 200+ secondary transactions completed with 1,800+ fund interests acquired
+3 more records
Product overview1 text field

CVC Secondary Partners operates as a unified private markets investment management platform offering private equity and credit secondaries investment solutions. The core offering consists of two integrated strategies: LP Fund Portfolios (secondary acquisitions of fund interests managed by 500+ managers across 1,800+ fund interests) and GP-Led Transactions (including bespoke continuation vehicles). The 2025 launch of the Credit Secondaries Platform expanded the offering to include credit fund secondaries. The firm has aggregate capital commitments of $15 billion and has screened approximately US$1 trillion of secondary transactions. Formerly known as Glendower Capital (2017-2024), the business traces its heritage to Deutsche Asset Management's secondary business founded in 2005.

Product and service3 records
1LP Fund Portfolios
CategoryPrivate Equity Secondaries
Description

Secondary acquisition of limited partner interests in private equity and credit funds, enabling sellers to achieve liquidity while providing buyers access to diversified fund interests across 500+ managers.

2GP-Led Transactions and Continuation Vehicles
CategoryPrivate Equity Secondaries
Description

Bespoke continuation vehicles and liquidity solutions for general partners seeking to extend partnerships or provide liquidity to existing investors, including single-asset and multi-asset continuation vehicles.

3Credit Secondaries Platform
CategoryCredit Secondaries
Description

Dedicated platform for secondary transactions in credit fund interests and GP-led credit transactions, expanding the firm's capabilities beyond private equity secondaries into the credit asset class.

Scale indicator10 records

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership1 partner
1Glendower Capital
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2022-01-01
Description

CVC Secondary Partners was established in 2022 by acquiring Glendower Capital, a secondary private equity firm that was originally founded in 2017 after its founding partners spun out the secondary business they founded in 2005 at Deutsche Asset Management. The business was renamed CVC Secondary Partners in 2024.

cvc.com
Recent move9 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight5 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers10 records
TypeDirect peer
Description

One of the largest and most established secondary private equity fund managers globally, focused on LP secondaries and GP-led continuation vehicles. Directly comparable to CVC Secondary Partners in strategy, scale, and institutional LP base.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Secondary PE and co-investment manager, wholly owned by The Carlyle Group. Directly comparable secondary PE strategy, with similar access to institutional capital and GP-led transaction expertise.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Global private markets investment manager with a substantial secondary private equity program alongside primaries and direct investments. Comparable in secondary strategy scale and cross-platform institutional capabilities.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Ardian's Secondary Fund of Funds business is a leading global secondary PE manager with very large AUM. Closely comparable in target secondary transactions, GP-led solutions, and institutional investor focus.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Global private markets investment manager with a substantial secondary investment practice across LP secondaries, GP-led secondaries, and primary PE fund commitments. Directly comparable in products, investor base, and institutional scale.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Private equity fund-of-funds and secondary investment manager with global reach. Comparable in secondary fund commitments, GP-led continuation vehicles, and institutional LP relationships.

TypeDirect peer
Description

European-based private equity secondary and continuation vehicle manager. Directly comparable in GP-led continuation vehicles and European secondary deal flow.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Swiss-based alternative investment manager with a global secondary private equity practice. Comparable in secondary fund-of-funds investing and institutional LP distribution model.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Blackstone operates a secondary investment practice as part of its broader alternatives platform. While not solely focused on secondaries, it competes for large secondary transactions and continuation vehicles from a position of substantial scale and brand.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Established secondary private equity franchise within Neuberger Berman, focused on both LP-led and GP-led secondary transactions. Comparable in strategy and institutional investor focus.

Market position
Strengths5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat5 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights7 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Segment1 record

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile2 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
No
API detail
Has APIbool
No

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles9 records

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

No data
No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A1 record

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment4 records

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)

Private Markets Investment Managementglendower.com

CVC Secondary Partners is a private markets investment manager specializing in secondary transactions in private equity and credit funds, serving institutional investors (pension funds, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds) globally through LP portfolio acquisitions and GP-led continuation vehicles.

What CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) does

CVC Secondary Partners (formerly Glendower Capital) is a private markets investment manager specializing in secondary transactions in private equity and credit funds. The firm pursues a two-pronged strategy: acquiring limited partner fund portfolios (LP secondaries) and executing general partner-led transactions, including single-asset and multi-asset continuation vehicles. The senior team has worked together in secondaries since 2005, originally at Deutsche Asset Management, then as Glendower Capital (founded 2017), and since 2022 within the CVC Capital Partners group, from which it rebranded to CVC Secondary Partners in 2024.

CVC Secondary Partners generates revenue through two streams standard to private equity fund management: recurring management fees on committed capital from institutional limited partners, and performance-based carried interest on investment returns. Its client base is composed entirely of institutional investors — pension funds, insurance companies, and sovereign wealth funds — accessed through direct enterprise sales supported by CVC's 29-office global network. Cumulative scale includes $15 billion+ in aggregate capital commitments, 200+ closed transactions, 1,800+ fund interests acquired, and 70+ bespoke continuation vehicles executed.

The product surface has expanded from a pure-play PE secondary manager into a broader private markets secondaries platform with the 2025 launch of a dedicated credit secondaries platform. Operational support is delivered through dedicated LP portals (Intralinks and eFront), and the firm has no disclosed proprietary technology platform beyond its in-house transaction-screening database. Recent landmark transactions include a $1.1 billion managed fund secondary with M&G Investments (December 2025) and a $2.3 billion single-asset continuation vehicle for SubCom led on behalf of Cerberus Capital Management (April 2026).

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) firmographics

Firmographics
Name
CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)
Legal name
CVC Secondary Partners Limited
Website
https://glendower.com
Company type
Private
Founded year
2017
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
101–250 employees
Short description
CVC Secondary Partners is a private markets investment manager specializing in secondary transactions in private equity and credit funds, serving institutional investors (pension funds, insurance companies, sovereign wealth funds) globally through LP portfolio acquisitions and GP-led continuation vehicles.
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) industry classification

Industry
Product category
Private Markets Investment Management
NAICS
Securities and Commodity Contracts Intermediation and Brokerage (5231)
SIC
Security Brokers, Dealers & Flotation Companies (6211)
akta.pro primary industry
Secondary Venture Funds (VC Secondaries) (FSANAAAK)
akta.pro secondary industries
LP Secondaries — Venture Capital Funds (FSAHALAB), Corporate Venture Capital (CVC) (FSANAAAF)

Keywords

  • Private equity secondaries
  • Secondary fund investments
  • Continuation vehicles
  • Credit secondaries platform
  • Limited partner interests

Where CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
London
HQ country
United Kingdom
HQ region
Europe

Offices1 record

Markets served

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Services
Cost components
Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Infrastructure, Technology or R&D

Revenue model

  1. Management Fees: CVC Secondary Partners charges management fees on committed capital from institutional investors (pension funds, insurance companies, and other leading institutions) who invest in their secondary funds.
  2. Carried Interest: The firm earns performance-based carried interest on investment returns generated for Limited Partners across their secondary private equity and credit fund investments.

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels2 records

Marketing channels4 records

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) product offering

Product offering

Core offering

CVC Secondary Partners is a private markets investment manager that acquires limited partner fund interests in private equity and credit funds and structures GP-led continuation vehicles, providing liquidity solutions to institutional sellers and fund managers. The firm pursues a two-pronged strategy focused on LP fund portfolios and GP-led transactions, managing $15 billion in aggregate capital commitments and screening approximately US$1 trillion of secondary transactions across its history.

Product overview

CVC Secondary Partners operates as a unified private markets investment management platform offering private equity and credit secondaries investment solutions. The core offering consists of two integrated strategies: LP Fund Portfolios (secondary acquisitions of fund interests managed by 500+ managers across 1,800+ fund interests) and GP-Led Transactions (including bespoke continuation vehicles). The 2025 launch of the Credit Secondaries Platform expanded the offering to include credit fund secondaries. The firm has aggregate capital commitments of $15 billion and has screened approximately US$1 trillion of secondary transactions. Formerly known as Glendower Capital (2017-2024), the business traces its heritage to Deutsche Asset Management's secondary business founded in 2005.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

  • LP Fund Portfolios Secondary acquisition of limited partner interests in private equity and credit funds, enabling sellers to achieve liquidity while providing buyers access to diversified fund interests across 500+ managers.
  • GP-Led Transactions and Continuation Vehicles Bespoke continuation vehicles and liquidity solutions for general partners seeking to extend partnerships or provide liquidity to existing investors, including single-asset and multi-asset continuation vehicles.
  • Credit Secondaries Platform Dedicated platform for secondary transactions in credit fund interests and GP-led credit transactions, expanding the firm's capabilities beyond private equity secondaries into the credit asset class.

Quantifiable outcome

  • 200+ secondary transactions completed with 1,800+ fund interests acquired
  • +3 more outcomes

Companies that use CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)

Customer profile

Segments1 record

Ideal customer profiles2 records

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API
No
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

One partnership is on record.

  • Glendower CapitalcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 January 2022CVC Secondary Partners was established in 2022 by acquiring Glendower Capital, a secondary private equity firm that was originally founded in 2017 after its founding partners spun out the secondary business they founded in 2005 at Deutsche Asset Management. The business was renamed CVC Secondary Partners in 2024.

Scale indicators10 records

Recent moves9 records

Expansion highlights5 records

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Direct peers

  • Lexington Partners: One of the largest and most established secondary private equity fund managers globally, focused on LP secondaries and GP-led continuation vehicles. Directly comparable to CVC Secondary Partners in strategy, scale, and institutional LP base.
  • AlpInvest Partners: Secondary PE and co-investment manager, wholly owned by The Carlyle Group. Directly comparable secondary PE strategy, with similar access to institutional capital and GP-led transaction expertise.
  • Partners Group: Global private markets investment manager with a substantial secondary private equity program alongside primaries and direct investments. Comparable in secondary strategy scale and cross-platform institutional capabilities.
  • Ardian Secondary: Ardian's Secondary Fund of Funds business is a leading global secondary PE manager with very large AUM. Closely comparable in target secondary transactions, GP-led solutions, and institutional investor focus.
  • HarbourVest Partners: Global private markets investment manager with a substantial secondary investment practice across LP secondaries, GP-led secondaries, and primary PE fund commitments. Directly comparable in products, investor base, and institutional scale.
  • Pantheon Ventures: Private equity fund-of-funds and secondary investment manager with global reach. Comparable in secondary fund commitments, GP-led continuation vehicles, and institutional LP relationships.
  • Aermont Capital: European-based private equity secondary and continuation vehicle manager. Directly comparable in GP-led continuation vehicles and European secondary deal flow.
  • LGT Capital Partners: Swiss-based alternative investment manager with a global secondary private equity practice. Comparable in secondary fund-of-funds investing and institutional LP distribution model.
  • Neuberger Berman Secondary: Established secondary private equity franchise within Neuberger Berman, focused on both LP-led and GP-led secondary transactions. Comparable in strategy and institutional investor focus.

Broad incumbents

  • Blackstone Secondary: Blackstone operates a secondary investment practice as part of its broader alternatives platform. While not solely focused on secondaries, it competes for large secondary transactions and continuation vehicles from a position of substantial scale and brand.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks5 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) social profiles

Digital presence

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles9 records

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A1 record

Investments4 records

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)

What does CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) do?

CVC Secondary Partners is a private markets investment manager that acquires limited partner fund interests in private equity and credit funds and structures GP-led continuation vehicles, providing liquidity solutions to institutional sellers and fund managers. The firm pursues a two-pronged strategy focused on LP fund portfolios and GP-led transactions, managing $15 billion in aggregate capital commitments and screening approximately US$1 trillion of secondary transactions across its history.

Is CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) a public or private company?

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) is a private company. It is classified as corporate owned and is currently operating.

When was CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) founded?

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) was founded in 2017. It employs 101 to 250 people.

Where is CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) based?

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) is headquartered in London, United Kingdom, in the Europe region.

How does CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) make money?

Two revenue lines are on record. Management Fees are the primary driver. The others are carried Interest.

Who are CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)'s main competitors?

Direct peers on record are Lexington Partners, AlpInvest Partners, Partners Group, Ardian Secondary, HarbourVest Partners, Pantheon Ventures, Aermont Capital, LGT Capital Partners and Neuberger Berman Secondary. Blackstone Secondary is listed as a broad incumbent.

Does CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) have an API?

No public API is recorded for CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital).

What industry is CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital) in?

CVC Secondary Partners (Formerly known as Glendower Capital)'s product category is Private Markets Investment Management. Its primary akta.pro industry code is FSANAAAK, Secondary Venture Funds (VC Secondaries), with a secondary code of FSAHALAB, LP Secondaries — Venture Capital Funds. Its NAICS code is 5231 and its SIC code is 6211.

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Live signals
EXPANSIONCVC da impulso al 'private equity' secundario en 2026 con un nuevo megafondoCVC Capital Partners closed its Secondary Opportunities Fund VI at $10,000 million, its largest secondary fund. The secondary investment sector raised over $140,000 million in 2025, with $54,300 million raised in 2026 through 49 funds.EuropaWireCVC Secondary Partners Doubles Fundraising With $10 Billion SOF VI CloseCVC Secondary Partners closed its sixth global private equity secondaries fund, SOF VI, with $10 billion in aggregate capital commitments. This represents a significant increase from $5.8 billion raised in 2023 and $2.7 billion in 2019, with over 200 institutional investors participating.Pulse 2.0CVC Secondary Partners Raises $10 Billion For Sixth Global Private Equity Secondaries FundCVC Secondary Partners closed its sixth global private equity secondaries fund, Secondary Opportunities Fund VI, with $10 billion in aggregate capital commitments. The fundraise exceeds prior raises of $5.8 billion in 2023 and $2.7 billion in 2019, with over 200 LPs participating. The firm plans to expand into credit and infrastructure secondaries.Alternatives WatchCVC Secondary Partners closes sixth secondaries fund at $10bnCVC Secondary Partners closed its sixth global secondary private equity fund, SOF VI, with $10 billion in capital commitments, nearly double the $5.8 billion raised for its predecessor. More than 200 institutional investors committed, with roughly half new to the platform.DealStreetAsiaCVC raises $10b for its sixth global secondaries fundCVC Secondary Partners raised $10 billion for its sixth global private equity secondaries fund, more than 70% larger than its predecessor. The fund attracted commitments from over 200 institutional investors, with about half new to CVC's secondaries. CVC plans to expand into credit and infrastructure secondaries.CVCCVC Secondary Partners raises $10 billion for its sixth global secondary private equity fundCVC Secondary Partners raised $10 billion for its sixth global secondary private equity fund. CVC, a private markets manager, has approximately €212 billion in assets under management and seven complementary strategies.GlobeNewswireExterro Completes Significant Strategic Recapitalization in Excess of $1 BillionExterro completed a strategic recapitalization valued at over $1 billion, secured by institutional investors co-led by Coller Capital and Glendower Capital. Leeds Equity committed new equity from its flagship fund, enabling M&A and product development. The company has quadrupled revenue since 2018 and serves over 3,000 customers.WsjData Risk Software Maker Exterro Targets Possible 2023 IPOExterro Inc. is expected to announce a new funding round led by Coller Capital and Glendower Capital that values the company above $1 billion. This milestone has prompted the 14-year-old data risk software maker to consider an initial public offering as soon as 2023.PrivateequitywireCVC and Glendower Capital to establish a strategic partnership in secondariesCVC and Glendower Capital have agreed to merge, establishing a strategic partnership that creates a combined group with approximately EUR113 billion in total assets under management. The transaction, expected to close in Q4 2021, allows Glendower to operate independently while leveraging CVC's global network to accelerate growth in the private equity secondaries market. Financial terms were not disclosed, but the move is intended to address compelling market opportunities within the secondaries sector.BeBeezNotizie da CVC, Glendower Capital, Nordic Capital, Klar Partners, Carlyle GroupCVC Capital Partners announced the acquisition of Glendower Capital, a private equity secondary specialist, to create a private capital entity managing approximately €113 billion. Concurrently, Nordic Capital invested in fintech Qred to expand its European operations, while Klar Partners invested in Oleter Group, a property damage restoration leader in Scandinavia. Additionally, Carlyle Group is evaluating a sale or IPO for Novolex Holdings, which it acquired over four years ago.