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CPI Card Group

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uuid0002f9g

Namestring
CPI Card Group
Legal namestring
CPI Card Group Inc.
Company typeenum
Public
Founded yearint
1982
Descriptiontext

CPI Card Group Inc. is a U.S. payment technology company that manufactures physical payment cards — including debit, credit, contactless, and prepaid cards — and provides software-based instant issuance solutions to financial institutions. Founded in 2007 and headquartered in Littleton, Colorado, the company operates two principal business lines: a card manufacturing and personalization business (the larger, lower-margin hardware segment) and an Integrated PayTech software segment anchored by the Card@Once SaaS platform and the newly acquired TRISM on-premise instant issuance solution. Integrated PayTech contributes over 20% of company profitability at approximately 55% gross margins and 40% EBITDA margins, making it the strategic focal point for future growth.

The company serves banks, credit unions, and fintech partners in the United States, with reach into Canada via the Velera credit union network. Distribution is a hybrid of direct enterprise field sales and channel partnerships: the Fiserv alliance gives Card@Once access to more than 10,000 U.S. financial institutions, while Velera supports over 4,000 credit unions across North America under a multi-year agreement renewed in 2026. Revenue streams include hardware sales, recurring SaaS subscriptions, personalization services, and prepaid card programs. Recent acquisitions — Arroweye Solutions ($45.55 million, May 2025) and TRISM (HID Global, June 2026) — together with a new Fort Wayne production facility and executive leadership restructuring, indicate a deliberate repositioning toward higher-margin software revenue and away from pure commodity card manufacturing.

Short descriptiontext

CPI Card Group is a U.S. payment technology company that manufactures physical payment cards and provides SaaS-based instant issuance software to banks and credit unions, reaching 14,000+ financial institutions via Fiserv and Velera partnerships.

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
1,001–5,000
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersLittleton, United States
HQ citystring
Littleton
HQ countrystring
United States
HQ regionstring
North America
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices2 records

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
payment card manufacturing, instant issuance software, card personalization services, contactless payment cards, financial issuance solutions
Industry2 codes
1Card Issuing & Program Management Platforms
CodeBPAMAFAHPrimaryYes
2Card Issuing Platforms (Issuer Processing)
CodeFSAGABADPrimaryNo
NAICS code1 code
  • Credit Card Issuing52221
Product category
Payment Card Manufacturing
Social media profiles2 records
GTM motion2 records

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model4 records
1Payment Card Manufacturing and Sales
TypeHardware Sales
Description

Manufacturing and sale of physical payment cards including debit, credit, and contactless cards. This represents the core hardware revenue stream.

in.investing.com
2Software/SaaS (Integrated PayTech)
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

SaaS-based instant issuance platform (Card@Once) providing software services for instant card issuance. This segment represents over 20% of profitability with ~55% gross margins and ~40% EBITDA margins. Expected growth exceeding 15%.

finance.yahoo.com
3Personalization Services
TypeProfessional Services
Description

Card personalization services enabling financial institutions to customize payment cards, contributing to revenue growth alongside hardware sales.

businesswire.com
4Prepaid Card Solutions
TypeTransaction Fee
Description

Prepaid payment card solutions including paper prepaid meal cards and prepaid card security services through partnerships.

stocktitan.net
Marketing channels4 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels4 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components6 values
Operations, Supply Chain, Personnel, Technology or R&D, Marketing or Sales, Infrastructure
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeHardware or Manufacturing
Hardware or Manufacturing
Core offering1 text field

CPI Card Group manufactures secure payment cards — including credit, debit, prepaid, metal, and contactless cards — for financial institutions, and operates Card@Once, a SaaS-based instant card issuance platform that allows issuers to produce personalized physical and digital cards in-branch or on demand. The company also provides personalization services and on-premise instant issuance solutions through its TRISM and Arroweye product lines.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 of 5 values shown
  • Integrated PayTech segment revenue growth of approximately 20% in 2026
+4 more records
Product overview1 text field

CPI Card Group is a payments technology company offering a portfolio of physical payment cards, instant issuance software platforms, and related services. The core offerings include contactless payment cards and personalization services, complemented by the SaaS-based Card@Once instant issuance platform. Recent acquisitions include Arroweye Solutions (payment card production) and TRISM on-premise instant issuance (from HID Global), expanding CPI's capabilities in both card manufacturing and software-driven instant issuance solutions. The company also offers prepaid card security through its Karta partnership and has launched paper prepaid cards for the Street Charity initiative.

Product and service1 record
1Card@Once
Scale indicator10 records

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership3 partners
Strategic tierMinorTypeGTM or Marketing PartnerAnnounced on2026-04-21
Description

CPI Card Group announced a partnership with Street Charity to launch paper prepaid meal cards redeemable for food at quick-serve restaurants nationwide, aiming to combat food insecurity. CPI donated 25,000 paper cards along with a monetary contribution to support the nonprofit's national rollout. The initiative addresses the growing need as nearly 50 million Americans face food insecurity, with U.S. consumers making only 14% of their 50 monthly payments in cash.

Strategic tierCoreTypeTechnology or IntegrationAnnounced on2026-04-16
Description

Strategic alliance announced April 16, 2026, to provide instant issuance capabilities for payment cards to Fiserv's network of more than 10,000 U.S. financial institutions. The partnership integrates CPI's SaaS-based Card@Once platform into Fiserv's ecosystem, enabling banks and credit unions to issue both physical and digital payment cards seamlessly. This replaces Fiserv's existing instant issuance solutions and marks a significant milestone in CPI's digital issuance strategy. The collaboration enables financial institutions to offer consumers both physical cards in-branch and digital cards in-wallet simultaneously.

Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2026-03-31
Description

CPI Card Group renewed a multi-year service agreement with Velera, a payments credit union service organization supporting over 4,000 credit unions across North America. The extension continues a partnership of more than 20 years, focusing on enabling reliable payment solutions for credit unions. The renewed agreement aims to sustain long-term stability in debit and credit portfolios, helping credit unions maintain competitive and relevant offerings for their members.

Recent move7 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight5 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers10 records
TypeDirect peer
Description

Global leader in payment card manufacturing and instant issuance solutions (Smartcard Issuance, etc.), serving banks and financial institutions with both physical cards and issuance software — directly comparable to CPI's Card@Once and TRISM offerings.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Provides secure payment cards, EMV chip technology, and digital issuance solutions through its Digital Identity & Security business, competing with CPI across both physical card production and instant issuance platforms.

TypeDirect peer
Description

German-headquartered specialist in payment cards, card issuance, and mobile security solutions with a strong global financial institution customer base — directly comparable across CPI's manufacturing and software lines.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Provides card personalization, instant issuance solutions, and digital security software to financial institutions — directly overlaps with CPI's personalization services and Card@Once platform.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Brazilian-headquartered payment card manufacturer and digital solutions provider with a global footprint — comparable as a multi-region card manufacturer pursuing adjacent digital issuance services.

TypeEmerging player
Description

Modern card issuing API platform focused on software-only issuance for fintechs and modern programs — overlaps with CPI's Integrated PayTech strategy but does not have physical card manufacturing.

TypeEmerging player
Description

Software-driven card issuing platform from Stripe — competes with CPI's SaaS issuance side, particularly for digital-first fintech issuers, though it does not produce physical cards.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Major fintech infrastructure provider and CPI's most strategic distribution partner (10,000+ FIs); a broader incumbent whose core account processing, payments, and digital banking platforms overlap with CPI's go-to-market ecosystem.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Global card network that increasingly offers issuance-adjacent services (Visa Direct, tokenization, issuing partnerships) — adjacent incumbent rather than a direct card manufacturer.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Global card network with growing issuance services and fintech partnerships — adjacent incumbent that shapes the ecosystem in which CPI's issuer customers operate.

Market position
Strengths5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat4 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks7 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights7 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Named customers4 records

Each record includes

Name, Industry, Type, Use case, Source, UUID

Segment2 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile1 record

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
Yes
API detail
Has APIbool
No

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Feature4 records

Each record includes

Title, Differentiator, Description, Source

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles10 records

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

Subsidiaries3 records

Each record includes

Name, Acquired on, Relationship type, Type, Business focus

No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds4 records

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors2 records

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A3 records

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment1 record

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

CPI Card Group

Payment Card Manufacturingcpicardgroup.com

CPI Card Group is a U.S. payment technology company that manufactures physical payment cards and provides SaaS-based instant issuance software to banks and credit unions, reaching 14,000+ financial institutions via Fiserv and Velera partnerships.

What CPI Card Group does

CPI Card Group Inc. is a U.S. payment technology company that manufactures physical payment cards — including debit, credit, contactless, and prepaid cards — and provides software-based instant issuance solutions to financial institutions. Founded in 2007 and headquartered in Littleton, Colorado, the company operates two principal business lines: a card manufacturing and personalization business (the larger, lower-margin hardware segment) and an Integrated PayTech software segment anchored by the Card@Once SaaS platform and the newly acquired TRISM on-premise instant issuance solution. Integrated PayTech contributes over 20% of company profitability at approximately 55% gross margins and 40% EBITDA margins, making it the strategic focal point for future growth.

The company serves banks, credit unions, and fintech partners in the United States, with reach into Canada via the Velera credit union network. Distribution is a hybrid of direct enterprise field sales and channel partnerships: the Fiserv alliance gives Card@Once access to more than 10,000 U.S. financial institutions, while Velera supports over 4,000 credit unions across North America under a multi-year agreement renewed in 2026. Revenue streams include hardware sales, recurring SaaS subscriptions, personalization services, and prepaid card programs. Recent acquisitions — Arroweye Solutions ($45.55 million, May 2025) and TRISM (HID Global, June 2026) — together with a new Fort Wayne production facility and executive leadership restructuring, indicate a deliberate repositioning toward higher-margin software revenue and away from pure commodity card manufacturing.

CPI Card Group firmographics

Firmographics
Name
CPI Card Group
Legal name
CPI Card Group Inc.
Website
http://www.cpicardgroup.com/
Company type
Public
Founded year
1982
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
1,001–5,000 employees
Short description
CPI Card Group is a U.S. payment technology company that manufactures physical payment cards and provides SaaS-based instant issuance software to banks and credit unions, reaching 14,000+ financial institutions via Fiserv and Velera partnerships.
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

CPI Card Group industry classification

Industry
Product category
Payment Card Manufacturing
NAICS
Credit Card Issuing (52221)
akta.pro primary industry
Card Issuing & Program Management Platforms (BPAMAFAH)
akta.pro secondary industry
Card Issuing Platforms (Issuer Processing) (FSAGABAD)

Keywords

  • Payment card manufacturing
  • Instant issuance software
  • Card personalization services
  • Contactless payment cards
  • Financial issuance solutions

Where CPI Card Group is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
Littleton
HQ country
United States
HQ region
North America

Offices2 records

Markets served

CPI Card Group business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Hardware or Manufacturing
Cost components
Operations, Supply Chain, Personnel, Technology or R&D, Marketing or Sales, Infrastructure

Revenue model

  1. Payment Card Manufacturing and Sales: Manufacturing and sale of physical payment cards including debit, credit, and contactless cards. This represents the core hardware revenue stream.
  2. Software/SaaS (Integrated PayTech): SaaS-based instant issuance platform (Card@Once) providing software services for instant card issuance. This segment represents over 20% of profitability with ~55% gross margins and ~40% EBITDA margins. Expected growth exceeding 15%.
  3. Personalization Services: Card personalization services enabling financial institutions to customize payment cards, contributing to revenue growth alongside hardware sales.
  4. Prepaid Card Solutions: Prepaid payment card solutions including paper prepaid meal cards and prepaid card security services through partnerships.

Go-to-market motion2 records

Distribution channels4 records

Marketing channels4 records

CPI Card Group product offering

Product offering

Core offering

CPI Card Group manufactures secure payment cards — including credit, debit, prepaid, metal, and contactless cards — for financial institutions, and operates Card@Once, a SaaS-based instant card issuance platform that allows issuers to produce personalized physical and digital cards in-branch or on demand. The company also provides personalization services and on-premise instant issuance solutions through its TRISM and Arroweye product lines.

Product overview

CPI Card Group is a payments technology company offering a portfolio of physical payment cards, instant issuance software platforms, and related services. The core offerings include contactless payment cards and personalization services, complemented by the SaaS-based Card@Once instant issuance platform. Recent acquisitions include Arroweye Solutions (payment card production) and TRISM on-premise instant issuance (from HID Global), expanding CPI's capabilities in both card manufacturing and software-driven instant issuance solutions. The company also offers prepaid card security through its Karta partnership and has launched paper prepaid cards for the Street Charity initiative.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

  • Card@Once

Quantifiable outcome

  • Integrated PayTech segment revenue growth of approximately 20% in 2026
  • +4 more outcomes

Companies that use CPI Card Group

Customer profile

Named customers4 records

Segments2 records

Ideal customer profiles1 record

CPI Card Group technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API
No
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature4 records

CPI Card Group partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

Three partnerships are on record, tiered minor and core.

  • Street CharityminorGTM or Marketing Partner · 21 April 2026CPI Card Group announced a partnership with Street Charity to launch paper prepaid meal cards redeemable for food at quick-serve restaurants nationwide, aiming to combat food insecurity. CPI donated 25,000 paper cards along with a monetary contribution to support the nonprofit's national rollout. The initiative addresses the growing need as nearly 50 million Americans face food insecurity, with U.S. consumers making only 14% of their 50 monthly payments in cash.
  • FiservcoreTechnology or Integration · 16 April 2026Strategic alliance announced April 16, 2026, to provide instant issuance capabilities for payment cards to Fiserv's network of more than 10,000 U.S. financial institutions. The partnership integrates CPI's SaaS-based Card@Once platform into Fiserv's ecosystem, enabling banks and credit unions to issue both physical and digital payment cards seamlessly. This replaces Fiserv's existing instant issuance solutions and marks a significant milestone in CPI's digital issuance strategy. The collaboration enables financial institutions to offer consumers both physical cards in-branch and digital cards in-wallet simultaneously.
  • VeleracoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 31 March 2026CPI Card Group renewed a multi-year service agreement with Velera, a payments credit union service organization supporting over 4,000 credit unions across North America. The extension continues a partnership of more than 20 years, focusing on enabling reliable payment solutions for credit unions. The renewed agreement aims to sustain long-term stability in debit and credit portfolios, helping credit unions maintain competitive and relevant offerings for their members.

Scale indicators10 records

Recent moves7 records

Expansion highlights5 records

CPI Card Group competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Direct peers

  • IDEMIA: Global leader in payment card manufacturing and instant issuance solutions (Smartcard Issuance, etc.), serving banks and financial institutions with both physical cards and issuance software — directly comparable to CPI's Card@Once and TRISM offerings.
  • Thales: Provides secure payment cards, EMV chip technology, and digital issuance solutions through its Digital Identity & Security business, competing with CPI across both physical card production and instant issuance platforms.
  • Giesecke+Devrient (G+D): German-headquartered specialist in payment cards, card issuance, and mobile security solutions with a strong global financial institution customer base — directly comparable across CPI's manufacturing and software lines.
  • Entrust: Provides card personalization, instant issuance solutions, and digital security software to financial institutions — directly overlaps with CPI's personalization services and Card@Once platform.
  • Valid: Brazilian-headquartered payment card manufacturer and digital solutions provider with a global footprint — comparable as a multi-region card manufacturer pursuing adjacent digital issuance services.

Emerging players

  • Marqeta: Modern card issuing API platform focused on software-only issuance for fintechs and modern programs — overlaps with CPI's Integrated PayTech strategy but does not have physical card manufacturing.
  • Stripe Issuing: Software-driven card issuing platform from Stripe — competes with CPI's SaaS issuance side, particularly for digital-first fintech issuers, though it does not produce physical cards.

Broad incumbents

  • Fiserv: Major fintech infrastructure provider and CPI's most strategic distribution partner (10,000+ FIs); a broader incumbent whose core account processing, payments, and digital banking platforms overlap with CPI's go-to-market ecosystem.
  • Visa: Global card network that increasingly offers issuance-adjacent services (Visa Direct, tokenization, issuing partnerships) — adjacent incumbent rather than a direct card manufacturer.
  • Mastercard: Global card network with growing issuance services and fintech partnerships — adjacent incumbent that shapes the ecosystem in which CPI's issuer customers operate.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat4 records

Key risks7 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

CPI Card Group social profiles

Digital presence

CPI Card Group financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

CPI Card Group leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles10 records

CPI Card Group subsidiaries and ownership

Company hierarchy

Subsidiaries3 records

CPI Card Group funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds4 records

Investors2 records

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

CPI Card Group M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A3 records

Investments1 record

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about CPI Card Group

What does CPI Card Group do?

CPI Card Group manufactures secure payment cards — including credit, debit, prepaid, metal, and contactless cards — for financial institutions, and operates Card@Once, a SaaS-based instant card issuance platform that allows issuers to produce personalized physical and digital cards in-branch or on demand. The company also provides personalization services and on-premise instant issuance solutions through its TRISM and Arroweye product lines.

Is CPI Card Group a public or private company?

CPI Card Group is a public company. It is classified as public and is currently operating.

When was CPI Card Group founded?

CPI Card Group was founded in 1982. It employs 1,001 to 5,000 people.

Where is CPI Card Group based?

CPI Card Group is headquartered in Littleton, United States, in the North America region.

How does CPI Card Group make money?

Four revenue lines are on record. Payment Card Manufacturing and Sales are the primary driver. The others are software/SaaS (Integrated PayTech), personalization Services and prepaid Card Solutions.

Who are CPI Card Group's main competitors?

Direct peers on record are IDEMIA, Thales, Giesecke+Devrient (G+D), Entrust and Valid. Emerging players are Marqeta and Stripe Issuing. Broad incumbents are Fiserv, Visa and Mastercard.

Does CPI Card Group have an API?

No public API is recorded for CPI Card Group.

What industry is CPI Card Group in?

CPI Card Group's product category is Payment Card Manufacturing. Its primary akta.pro industry code is BPAMAFAH, Card Issuing & Program Management Platforms, with a secondary code of FSAGABAD, Card Issuing Platforms (Issuer Processing). Its NAICS code is 52221.

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Live signals
GlobalfintechseriesCPI Renews Longstanding Relationship with Vericast as 3 in 4 Consumers Say Instant Issuance MattersCPI renewed a multi-year service agreement with Vericast, extending a 24-year partnership. The deal supports Card@Once instant issuance, with 74% of Vericast survey respondents saying instant card receipt matters, and 86% of Millennials and 85% of Gen Z prioritizing it.Seeking AlphaThe Overhang Is Over. Buy The Dip In CPI Card Group. (NASDAQ:PMTS)CPI Card Group shares fell 20% after Parallel 49 Equity sold a secondary at $21.50, but the overhang is cleared. Q2 revenue grew 15% and raised guidance, with 2026 free cash flow projected at $45–50 million. Analysts rate it Strong Buy with price targets of $30–$34.Ticker ReportHead to Head Analysis: CPI Card Group (NASDAQ:PMTS) & TransAct Technologies (NASDAQ:TACT)CPI Card Group outperforms TransAct Technologies on 9 of 14 factors, including higher revenue ($543.53M vs $51.48M) and earnings. Analysts rate CPI Card Group more favorably with a consensus price target of $30.25, implying 21.24% upside.GlobalfintechseriesBankjoy Partners with CPI to Bring Push Provisioning to Community Banks and Credit UnionsBankjoy partnered with CPI to offer push provisioning, letting customers add debit and credit cards to digital wallets via their bank's app. CPI data shows issuers using push provisioning can increase card activation rates by 15-20%, and a 2025 survey found 71% of respondents ages 18-37 found it appealing.YahooBankjoy Partners with CPI to Bring Push Provisioning to Community Banks and Credit UnionsCPI and Bankjoy announced a partnership to offer push provisioning, letting community banks and credit unions add debit and credit cards to digital wallets via their apps. A 2025 CPI survey found 71% of respondents aged 18-37 found this appealing, and issuers can increase activation rates by 15-20%.Stock TitanCPI Card Group Partners With Bankjoy on Digital WalletsCPI Card Group partnered with Bankjoy to integrate CPI Push Provisioning into Bankjoy's digital banking platform, enabling community banks and credit unions to offer customers quick, secure card-to-wallet access. CPI data indicates push provisioning can increase activation rates by 15-20%, and a 2025 survey found 71% of respondents aged 18-37 found it appealing.Ticker ReportCPI Card Group Inc. (NASDAQ:PMTS) Receives Average Rating of “Moderate Buy” from AnalystsCPI Card Group received a consensus "Moderate Buy" rating from six brokerages, with an average price target of $30.25. Insiders purchased 31,232 shares in the last quarter, and institutional investors hold 22.08% of the company. The stock opened at $24.14, with a one-year range of $10.81 to $31.25.GurufocusIs CPI Card Group Inc (PMTS) a Bargain After 16.1% Drop? GF ValuCPI Card Group Inc shares fell 16.1% to $22.50 on September 11, 2026, with GF Value estimating $23.83, implying a 5.6% undervaluation. Insiders net sold $25.8M over the past year, and the current P/E of 19.6x exceeds the 5-year median of 12.1x, suggesting caution despite the undervaluation.TipranksCPI Card Group Stock (PMTS) Falls 15% on a $50M Secondary OfferingCPI Card Group's stock fell 15.37% after announcing a secondary offering of 2,337,323 shares at $21.50, expected to close September 14. The deal brings about $50.3 million in gross proceeds, priced below the previous closing of $26.83, and does not add cash to the company's balance sheet.The Motley FoolWhy CPI Card Group Stock Just CrashedCPI Card Group shares fell 16.3% after insider Parallel49 Equity sold 2.3-2.7 million shares at $21.50, 20% below yesterday's close. The stock had surged 37.5% in August after reporting $25.9 million in free cash flow. The sale leaves the stock at a 4x price-to-free-cash-flow ratio.