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Quantum Commodity Intelligence

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uuid0002hlq

Namestring
Quantum Commodity Intelligence
Legal namestring
Quantum Commodity Intelligence Limited
Websiteurl
qcintel.com
Company typeenum
Private
Founded yearint
2021
Descriptiontext

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a London-based price reporting agency (PRA) that publishes independent price assessments, market news, and trade data for global oil and energy transition commodity markets. Founded in 2021, the company operates five commodity-specific platforms — Oil (700+ daily price assessments for Middle Eastern crude and Asian/European refined products), Biofuels, Carbon (350+ voluntary and regulated credit prices), Ammonia, and Hydrogen — delivering daily commentary, interactive dashboards with fundamental data, and downloadable price charts. Distribution occurs through a self-service web platform, daily email newsletters (Quantum Oil Daily, Quantum Carbon Daily, etc.), and an API Feed for programmatic client integration. The company also launched "Ask Quantum," an AI-powered natural-language search feature for instant summaries over its content corpus.

The business model is B2B subscription-based, monetized through recurring platform subscriptions and API data feeds targeting energy and commodities professionals — traders, analysts, producers, and consumers — across a horizontal segmentation. Pricing is not publicly disclosed; the company offers a 2-week free trial before converting users to paid subscriptions. Quantum Commodity Intelligence Limited is registered in England and Wales (number 13259489) and employs 51-100 staff, operating from its London headquarters at 7 Bell Yard, WC2A 2JR. The company serves markets globally, with active coverage spanning Europe, the Americas, Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East.

In July 2024, Quantum completed a £12.5 million Series A funding round led by Elephant, the company's only disclosed funding event to date. Co-founders Paul Young, Sean Bartlett, and Andrew Allan lead the firm. Competitive positioning rests on verified trade-based pricing methodology, published corrections policy, and a code of ethics — institutional prerequisites for benchmark adoption — with differentiation concentrated in coverage of nascent energy transition commodities where incumbent PRA coverage is thinner.

Short descriptiontext

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a London-based price reporting agency providing independent price assessments, market news, and trade data across oil, biofuels, carbon, ammonia, and hydrogen markets to global energy and commodities professionals via subscription platform and API feeds.

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
51–100
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersLondon, United Kingdom
HQ citystring
London
HQ countrystring
United Kingdom
HQ regionstring
Europe
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices1 record

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
commodity price assessments, energy market intelligence, price reporting agency, carbon credit pricing, hydrogen ammonia pricing
Industry1 code
1Commodities Research
CodeFSACAGAEPrimaryYes
Product category
Commodity Price Reporting & Market Intelligence
No data
GTM motion1 record

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model2 records
1Subscription Services
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

Premium paid subscription service providing access to price assessments, market news, commentaries, and data across Oil, Biofuels, Carbon, Ammonia, and Hydrogen platforms. Subscribers receive daily reports via email and platform access.

qcintel.com
2API Feed Access
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

Programmatic access to price data and assessments delivered via API for integration into client systems and workflows.

qcintel.com
Marketing channels4 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels3 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components4 values
Personnel, Technology or R&D, Operations, Marketing or Sales
Pricing details1 tier
12-week trial available for new users
ModelFreemiumBilling cadenceMonthly
Notes

Trial period offered for Oil, Biofuels, Carbon, Ammonia, and Hydrogen platforms. Full subscription pricing not publicly disclosed.

qcintel.com
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeSoftware
Software
Core offering1 text field

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a price reporting agency that publishes independent daily price assessments, market news, commentary, and trade data for five commodity verticals: oil, biofuels, carbon credits, ammonia, and hydrogen. Its content is delivered through subscription-based web platforms, email reports, Excel, and a programmatic API Feed, supported by interactive data dashboards and an AI-powered "Ask Quantum" search.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 of 4 values shown
  • Over 700 price assessments for crude and refined oil products published daily
+3 more records
Product overview1 text field

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a multi-platform price reporting agency offering five commodity-specific platforms (Oil, Biofuels, Carbon, Ammonia, and Hydrogen) that together provide comprehensive market intelligence for global energy transition markets. Each platform delivers price assessments, news, commentary, and data dashboards, with content accessible via API, the web platform, and email. The company also offers a unified API Feed service that distributes data across all commodity sectors.

Product and service6 records
1Oil Platform
CategoryOil price reporting
Description

Subscription price reporting and market intelligence platform for global oil and refined products markets, providing 700+ daily price assessments for Middle Eastern crude and Asian/European refined products based on verified trade data, together with real-time news, daily commentary, and interactive fundamental/demand dashboards.

2Biofuels Platform
CategoryBiofuels price reporting
Description

Subscription market intelligence platform covering renewable fuels (biodiesel, bioethanol) and certificate markets such as RTFC and HBE, delivering hundreds of daily price assessments, news, daily commentary, and interactive supply/demand dashboards.

3Carbon Platform
CategoryCarbon market intelligence
Description

Subscription carbon market intelligence platform offering 350 voluntary and regulated carbon credit price assessments based on actual trades, together with policy and market news and interactive dashboards featuring emissions registry data.

4Ammonia Platform
CategoryAmmonia price reporting
Description

Subscription ammonia market intelligence platform delivering over 20 daily spot and contract FOB/CFR price assessments for grey, blue, and green ammonia, along with news, daily commentary, and interactive supply/demand dashboards.

5Hydrogen Platform
CategoryHydrogen price reporting
Description

Subscription clean hydrogen market intelligence platform delivering daily spot price assessments and spreads, market news, daily commentary, and interactive dashboards covering current and planned hydrogen plants and supply/demand data.

6API Feed
CategoryMarket data API
Description

Programmatic data delivery service providing daily access to Quantum's price assessments and market data via API integration, Excel, and email, enabling enterprise clients to consume verified trade-based pricing across oil, biofuels, carbon, ammonia, and hydrogen markets.

Scale indicator1 record

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Recent move6 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight5 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers10 records
TypeDirect peer
Description

Independent PRA publishing price assessments, news, and market data across energy, fertilizers (including ammonia), hydrogen, biofuels, and carbon markets. Closest direct competitor to QCI with overlapping commodity verticals and subscription/API business model.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Largest global PRA and dominant benchmark publisher for oil, refined products, carbon, biofuels, ammonia, and increasingly hydrogen. Competes across QCI's full platform set but operates as part of a much larger data and ratings conglomerate.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Energy and commodity price reporting agency covering petrochemicals, oil, gas, biofuels, ammonia, and carbon, owned by RELX. Overlaps with QCI in oil, biofuels, ammonia, and carbon verticals with similar subscription-based delivery.

TypeDirect peer
Description

PRA providing price assessments and market intelligence across forest products, metals, and energy transition commodities (including biofuels and carbon). Closely comparable subscription/API-driven data model to QCI.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Specialized PRA for oil, refined products, and renewables/biofuels markets with daily price assessments and subscription data delivery. Direct overlap with QCI's oil and biofuels platforms.

TypeEmerging player
Description

Commodity data and analytics platform combining vessel tracking, trade flows, and fundamental data across oil, gas, biofuels, and renewables. Adjacent rather than direct PRA but increasingly competes for the same commodity intelligence budget.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Energy research, consulting, and data provider covering oil, gas, renewables, hydrogen, and carbon. Overlaps with QCI in energy transition market intelligence though positioned upstream in research/consulting rather than daily price assessments.

TypeEmerging player
Description

Independent energy research and data provider covering oil, gas, renewables, hydrogen, and carbon markets. Comparable subscription-based intelligence model with growing overlap in transition commodities.

TypeEmerging player
Description

Real-time global trade flow and freight analytics platform for oil, gas, and energy commodities. Adjacent data-warehouse competitor serving the same energy trader and analyst buyer persona as QCI.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Bloomberg's commodity data and analytics offering bundled into the Terminal serves energy traders and analysts who are core QCI buyers. Broad incumbent rather than direct PRA but competes for the same intelligence wallet.

Market position
Strengths4 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses4 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat5 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks6 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights7 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Segment1 record

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile2 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
Yes
API detail
Has APIbool
Yes

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Feature5 records

Each record includes

Title, Differentiator, Description, Source

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles3 records

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

No data
No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds1 record

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors1 record

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Quantum Commodity Intelligence

Commodity Price Reporting & Market Intelligenceqcintel.com

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a London-based price reporting agency providing independent price assessments, market news, and trade data across oil, biofuels, carbon, ammonia, and hydrogen markets to global energy and commodities professionals via subscription platform and API feeds.

What Quantum Commodity Intelligence does

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a London-based price reporting agency (PRA) that publishes independent price assessments, market news, and trade data for global oil and energy transition commodity markets. Founded in 2021, the company operates five commodity-specific platforms — Oil (700+ daily price assessments for Middle Eastern crude and Asian/European refined products), Biofuels, Carbon (350+ voluntary and regulated credit prices), Ammonia, and Hydrogen — delivering daily commentary, interactive dashboards with fundamental data, and downloadable price charts. Distribution occurs through a self-service web platform, daily email newsletters (Quantum Oil Daily, Quantum Carbon Daily, etc.), and an API Feed for programmatic client integration. The company also launched "Ask Quantum," an AI-powered natural-language search feature for instant summaries over its content corpus.

The business model is B2B subscription-based, monetized through recurring platform subscriptions and API data feeds targeting energy and commodities professionals — traders, analysts, producers, and consumers — across a horizontal segmentation. Pricing is not publicly disclosed; the company offers a 2-week free trial before converting users to paid subscriptions. Quantum Commodity Intelligence Limited is registered in England and Wales (number 13259489) and employs 51-100 staff, operating from its London headquarters at 7 Bell Yard, WC2A 2JR. The company serves markets globally, with active coverage spanning Europe, the Americas, Asia, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East.

In July 2024, Quantum completed a £12.5 million Series A funding round led by Elephant, the company's only disclosed funding event to date. Co-founders Paul Young, Sean Bartlett, and Andrew Allan lead the firm. Competitive positioning rests on verified trade-based pricing methodology, published corrections policy, and a code of ethics — institutional prerequisites for benchmark adoption — with differentiation concentrated in coverage of nascent energy transition commodities where incumbent PRA coverage is thinner.

Quantum Commodity Intelligence firmographics

Firmographics
Name
Quantum Commodity Intelligence
Legal name
Quantum Commodity Intelligence Limited
Website
https://qcintel.com
Company type
Private
Founded year
2021
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
51–100 employees
Short description
Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a London-based price reporting agency providing independent price assessments, market news, and trade data across oil, biofuels, carbon, ammonia, and hydrogen markets to global energy and commodities professionals via subscription platform and API feeds.
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

Quantum Commodity Intelligence industry classification

Industry
Product category
Commodity Price Reporting & Market Intelligence
akta.pro primary industry
Commodities Research (FSACAGAE)

Keywords

  • Commodity price assessments
  • Energy market intelligence
  • Price reporting agency
  • Carbon credit pricing
  • Hydrogen ammonia pricing

Where Quantum Commodity Intelligence is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
London
HQ country
United Kingdom
HQ region
Europe

Offices1 record

Markets served

Quantum Commodity Intelligence business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Software
Cost components
Personnel, Technology or R&D, Operations, Marketing or Sales

Revenue model

  1. Subscription Services: Premium paid subscription service providing access to price assessments, market news, commentaries, and data across Oil, Biofuels, Carbon, Ammonia, and Hydrogen platforms. Subscribers receive daily reports via email and platform access.
  2. API Feed Access: Programmatic access to price data and assessments delivered via API for integration into client systems and workflows.

Pricing tiers

ModelBillingPrice
FreemiumMonthly2-week trial available for new users

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels3 records

Marketing channels4 records

Quantum Commodity Intelligence product offering

Product offering

Core offering

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a price reporting agency that publishes independent daily price assessments, market news, commentary, and trade data for five commodity verticals: oil, biofuels, carbon credits, ammonia, and hydrogen. Its content is delivered through subscription-based web platforms, email reports, Excel, and a programmatic API Feed, supported by interactive data dashboards and an AI-powered "Ask Quantum" search.

Product overview

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a multi-platform price reporting agency offering five commodity-specific platforms (Oil, Biofuels, Carbon, Ammonia, and Hydrogen) that together provide comprehensive market intelligence for global energy transition markets. Each platform delivers price assessments, news, commentary, and data dashboards, with content accessible via API, the web platform, and email. The company also offers a unified API Feed service that distributes data across all commodity sectors.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

  • Oil Platform Subscription price reporting and market intelligence platform for global oil and refined products markets, providing 700+ daily price assessments for Middle Eastern crude and Asian/European refined products based on verified trade data, together with real-time news, daily commentary, and interactive fundamental/demand dashboards.
  • Biofuels Platform Subscription market intelligence platform covering renewable fuels (biodiesel, bioethanol) and certificate markets such as RTFC and HBE, delivering hundreds of daily price assessments, news, daily commentary, and interactive supply/demand dashboards.
  • Carbon Platform Subscription carbon market intelligence platform offering 350 voluntary and regulated carbon credit price assessments based on actual trades, together with policy and market news and interactive dashboards featuring emissions registry data.
  • Ammonia Platform Subscription ammonia market intelligence platform delivering over 20 daily spot and contract FOB/CFR price assessments for grey, blue, and green ammonia, along with news, daily commentary, and interactive supply/demand dashboards.
  • Hydrogen Platform Subscription clean hydrogen market intelligence platform delivering daily spot price assessments and spreads, market news, daily commentary, and interactive dashboards covering current and planned hydrogen plants and supply/demand data.
  • API Feed Programmatic data delivery service providing daily access to Quantum's price assessments and market data via API integration, Excel, and email, enabling enterprise clients to consume verified trade-based pricing across oil, biofuels, carbon, ammonia, and hydrogen markets.

Quantifiable outcome

  • Over 700 price assessments for crude and refined oil products published daily
  • +3 more outcomes

Companies that use Quantum Commodity Intelligence

Customer profile

Segments1 record

Ideal customer profiles2 records

Quantum Commodity Intelligence technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API
Yes
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature5 records

Quantum Commodity Intelligence partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Scale indicators1 record

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights5 records

Quantum Commodity Intelligence competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Direct peers

  • Argus Media: Independent PRA publishing price assessments, news, and market data across energy, fertilizers (including ammonia), hydrogen, biofuels, and carbon markets. Closest direct competitor to QCI with overlapping commodity verticals and subscription/API business model.
  • ICIS (RELX): Energy and commodity price reporting agency covering petrochemicals, oil, gas, biofuels, ammonia, and carbon, owned by RELX. Overlaps with QCI in oil, biofuels, ammonia, and carbon verticals with similar subscription-based delivery.
  • Fastmarkets: PRA providing price assessments and market intelligence across forest products, metals, and energy transition commodities (including biofuels and carbon). Closely comparable subscription/API-driven data model to QCI.
  • OPIS (Oil Price Information Service): Specialized PRA for oil, refined products, and renewables/biofuels markets with daily price assessments and subscription data delivery. Direct overlap with QCI's oil and biofuels platforms.

Broad incumbents

  • S&P Global Commodity Insights (Platts): Largest global PRA and dominant benchmark publisher for oil, refined products, carbon, biofuels, ammonia, and increasingly hydrogen. Competes across QCI's full platform set but operates as part of a much larger data and ratings conglomerate.
  • Wood Mackenzie: Energy research, consulting, and data provider covering oil, gas, renewables, hydrogen, and carbon. Overlaps with QCI in energy transition market intelligence though positioned upstream in research/consulting rather than daily price assessments.
  • Bloomberg Terminal (Commodity Data): Bloomberg's commodity data and analytics offering bundled into the Terminal serves energy traders and analysts who are core QCI buyers. Broad incumbent rather than direct PRA but competes for the same intelligence wallet.

Emerging players

  • Kpler: Commodity data and analytics platform combining vessel tracking, trade flows, and fundamental data across oil, gas, biofuels, and renewables. Adjacent rather than direct PRA but increasingly competes for the same commodity intelligence budget.
  • Rystad Energy: Independent energy research and data provider covering oil, gas, renewables, hydrogen, and carbon markets. Comparable subscription-based intelligence model with growing overlap in transition commodities.
  • Vortexa: Real-time global trade flow and freight analytics platform for oil, gas, and energy commodities. Adjacent data-warehouse competitor serving the same energy trader and analyst buyer persona as QCI.

Market position

Strengths4 records

Weaknesses4 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

Quantum Commodity Intelligence financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Quantum Commodity Intelligence leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles3 records

Quantum Commodity Intelligence funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds1 record

Investors1 record

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Quantum Commodity Intelligence M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Quantum Commodity Intelligence

What does Quantum Commodity Intelligence do?

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a price reporting agency that publishes independent daily price assessments, market news, commentary, and trade data for five commodity verticals: oil, biofuels, carbon credits, ammonia, and hydrogen. Its content is delivered through subscription-based web platforms, email reports, Excel, and a programmatic API Feed, supported by interactive data dashboards and an AI-powered "Ask Quantum" search.

Is Quantum Commodity Intelligence a public or private company?

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is a private company. It is classified as venture growth investor backed and is currently operating.

When was Quantum Commodity Intelligence founded?

Quantum Commodity Intelligence was founded in 2021. It employs 51 to 100 people.

Where is Quantum Commodity Intelligence based?

Quantum Commodity Intelligence is headquartered in London, United Kingdom, in the Europe region.

How does Quantum Commodity Intelligence make money?

Two revenue lines are on record. Subscription Services are the primary driver. The others are API Feed Access.

Who are Quantum Commodity Intelligence's main competitors?

Direct peers on record are Argus Media, ICIS (RELX), Fastmarkets and OPIS (Oil Price Information Service). Broad incumbents are S&P Global Commodity Insights (Platts), Wood Mackenzie and Bloomberg Terminal (Commodity Data). Emerging players are Kpler, Rystad Energy and Vortexa.

Does Quantum Commodity Intelligence have an API?

Yes. Quantum Commodity Intelligence offers an API Feed for delivering price assessments and market data. The service provides daily publication of price assessments delivered via API, through the platform and by email. Multiple platforms mention API delivery including Oil (700+ price assessments), Biofuels (hundreds of price assessments for biodiesel, bioethanol and certificates markets), Carbon (350 voluntary and regulated carbon credit prices), Ammonia (over 20 spot and contract FOB and CFR price assessments), and Hydrogen (daily spot price assessments and spreads). Developer documentation is at www.qcintel.com/api-feed.

What industry is Quantum Commodity Intelligence in?

Quantum Commodity Intelligence's product category is Commodity Price Reporting & Market Intelligence. Its primary akta.pro industry code is FSACAGAE, Commodities Research.

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Live signals
NewsBrazil refiners favour diesel as July runs climbBrazilian refiners increased crude processing in July and shifted their output mix towards diesel, raising gasoil production to a 21-month high. The article indicates that Quantum Commodity Intelligence is the source of this data through its premium subscription service.NewsIndia refinery runs rise to four-month high in JulyIndia's refinery throughput reached a four-month high in July, accompanied by an increase in the production of key road fuels compared to June levels. The data is sourced from Quantum Commodity Intelligence, a subscription-based market intelligence provider.NewsIndia's product exports rebound to 8-mth high in JulyIndia's refined product exports rebounded in July to their highest level since December, driven by a sharp recovery in diesel shipments. The article indicates this trend is part of data provided by Quantum Commodity Intelligence, a premium subscription service for energy markets. Specific export volumes or total monetary values are not disclosed in the available text.NewsSingapore HSFO crack turns positive for first time since early JuneThe Singapore High-Sulfur Fuel Oil (HSFO) crack turned positive for the first time since early June, indicating a strengthening of the fuel oil price relative to crude. This market shift signals improved profitability margins for refiners processing HSFO compared to crude oil inputs. The report is derived from Quantum Commodity Intelligence's premium data services.NewsFujairah light distillate stocks fall to record lowFujairah light distillate inventories dropped to a record low for the week ending 19 August, while fuel oil stocks increased. The specific data points are provided by Quantum Commodity Intelligence. Overall oil product stocks rose due to the sharp build in fuel oil.NewsJapan's commercial crude stocks rebound to one-year highJapan's commercial crude inventories rose to a one-year high last week, driven by strong import volumes and reduced refinery run rates. This data is provided by Quantum Commodity Intelligence, a premium subscription service for energy market professionals.NewsUS diesel cracks top $100/b as replacement barrels run shortUS diesel cracks have climbed above $100 per barrel for the first time since October 2023, driven by short replacement barrels despite record exports and maximized refiner output. This surge in margins highlights significant tightening in the domestic supply of this specific fuel grade. The report is based on data from Quantum Commodity Intelligence.NewsEast of Suez: Dubai resumes rally, Sing gasoil cracks at 4-mth highMiddle East crude prices resumed an upward monthly trend on Tuesday driven by ongoing supply risks, while gasoil cracks in Singapore reached a four-month high. This market movement is reported by Quantum Commodity Intelligence, a premium subscription service for energy professionals.NewsWest of Suez: Crude, LSGO climb on fresh US threatsCrude oil benchmarks rose at the start of the week as negotiations between the US and Iran remained unresolved. The article is a teaser for a premium subscription service, Quantum Commodity Intelligence, which provides detailed market analysis for energy sectors.NewsSpanish oil stocks post record monthly draw in June: CoresSpanish oil inventories recorded their largest monthly draw on record in June, driven by surging summer fuel demand and falling supply. This data is reported by Cores, a subsidiary of Quantum Commodity Intelligence. The significant inventory reduction highlights tight market conditions during the peak consumption season.