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Asset Value Investors

Full company profile

uuid00065m9

Namestring
Asset Value Investors
Legal namestring
Asset Value Investors Limited
Company typeenum
Private
Founded yearint
1985
Descriptiontext

Asset Value Investors (AVI) is a London-based boutique investment manager founded in 1985, majority employee-owned, and authorised by the UK Financial Conduct Authority with US SEC registration. The firm manages over £1.8bn (as of 31 January 2025) across three listed investment trusts (AVI Global Trust, AVI Japan Opportunity Trust, MIGO Opportunities Trust) and four UCITS funds (AVI Global Special Situations, AVI Japanese Special Situations, AVI Worldwide Opportunities Fund, AVI Japan Discovery Fund), charging annual management fees of 0.75%-1.0%.

AVI's investment process is a long-only, bottom-up, value-oriented strategy that targets companies and funds trading at material discounts to intrinsic net asset value. The firm specialises in three sectors: family-controlled holding companies, listed closed-end funds, and asset-backed situations. It monitors more than 1,000 names globally (100+ European holding companies, 100+ Asian holding companies, 650+ listed closed-end funds, 100+ Japanese asset-backed companies, 100+ other asset-backed situations across South America, US, and Africa) and maintains detailed financial models on approximately 400 companies. The strategy combines deep fundamental research with active shareholder engagement and, increasingly, public activist campaigns (e.g., Gerresheimer, Wacom, Rohto Pharmaceutical).

The business is run by CEO/CIO Joe Bauernfreund (sole manager of AGT and AJOT since 2002) with a team of approximately 24 specialists. Revenue is generated entirely through recurring management fees on AUM, with the largest vehicles being AVI Global Trust (£1.3bn) and AVI Japan Opportunity Trust (£420.3m). Geographic exposure is concentrated in the UK and Japan, with selected reach into Europe, North America, South America, and Africa. AVI has reported an 11.6% average annual return since 30 June 1985 (Morningstar, net of fees, GBP).

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
11–50
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersLondon, United Kingdom
HQ citystring
London
HQ countrystring
United Kingdom
HQ regionstring
Europe
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices1 record

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
value investing management, investment trust management, closed-end fund management, discount NAV investing, active engagement investing
Industry3 codes
1Multi-Asset Solutions for Institutional (Pensions/Endowments/Sovereigns)
CodeFSAAAJAJPrimaryYes
2Emerging Markets Equity (Active)
CodeFSAAAIAFPrimaryNo
3Portfolio Construction & Asset Allocation Advisory
CodeFSAEAAACPrimaryNo
NAICS code1 code
  • Portfolio Management and Investment Advice523940
SIC code1 code
  • Investment Advice6282
Product category
Investment Management
GTM motion1 record

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model1 record
1Investment Management Fees
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

AVI generates revenue through management fees charged on investment trusts (AVI Global Trust, AVI Japan Opportunity Trust, MIGO Opportunities Trust) and UCITS funds (AVI Global Special Situations, AVI Japanese Special Situations, AVI Worldwide Opportunities Fund, AVI Japan Discovery Fund). Fees range from 0.75% to 1.0% annual management charges depending on the fund and share class.

assetvalueinvestors.com
Marketing channels6 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels2 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components5 values
Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Technology or R&D, Others
Pricing details5 tiers
1AVI Global Trust - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
ModelSubscriptionBilling cadenceAnnual
Notes

Investment trust with £420.3m total assets (as of 31/05/2026), launched 23 October 2018

assetvalueinvestors.com
2AVI Japan Opportunity Trust - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
ModelSubscriptionBilling cadenceAnnual
Notes

Investment trust with £73.0m total assets (as of 31 May 2026), launch date 6 April 2004

assetvalueinvestors.com
3MIGO Opportunities Trust - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
ModelSubscriptionBilling cadenceAnnual
Notes

Investment trust with £36.9m total assets (as of 31 May 2026), launch date 30 April 2003

assetvalueinvestors.com
4AVI Global Special Situations Fund - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
ModelSubscriptionBilling cadenceAnnual
Notes

UCITS fund with $44.5m total assets (as of 31 May 2026), launch date 17 April 2024

assetvalueinvestors.com
5AVI Japanese Special Situations Fund - Annual Management Charge: 1.0%
ModelSubscriptionBilling cadenceAnnual
Notes

UCITS fund with ¥19.7bn total assets (as of 31 May 2026), launch date 22nd April 2024

assetvalueinvestors.com
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeServices
Services
Brand1 of 7 records shown
1AVI Global Trust
Description

Investment trust focused on capital growth through investments in companies whose shares trade at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value.

assetvalueinvestors.com
+6 more records
Core offering1 text field

Asset Value Investors (AVI) is a boutique investment manager that manages investment trusts and UCITS funds using a long-only, bottom-up, value-driven strategy focused on family-controlled holding companies, closed-end funds, and asset-backed companies whose shares trade at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value. The firm combines deep proprietary research with active engagement of portfolio company management and boards to unlock shareholder value, managing over £1.8bn across seven distinct funds and investment trusts.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 of 3 values shown
  • 11.6% Average Annual Return since inception (30 June 1985 to 31 May 2026)
+2 more records
Product and service7 records
1AVI Global Trust
CategoryInvestment Trust
Description

Listed investment trust targeting long-term capital growth through a focused portfolio of investments in companies whose shares trade at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value. The Company has followed AVI's distinct investment style since 1985 to achieve superior long-term returns, with £1.3bn total assets as of 31 May 2026 and an 11.6% average annual return over the period 30 June 1985 to 31 May 2026.

2AVI Japan Opportunity Trust
CategoryInvestment Trust
Description

Listed investment trust investing in a focused portfolio of over-capitalised small-cap Japanese equities, with £420.3m total assets as of 31 May 2026 and 138.1% 10-year NAV total return. The trust uses active engagement with company management to unlock value in under-researched Japanese market segments.

3MIGO Opportunities Trust
CategoryInvestment Trust
Description

Listed investment trust investing in discount opportunities within the closed-ended fund sector where catalysts exist for value extraction, with £73.0m total assets as of 31 May 2026. Trust is able to invest across any geography or asset class held in investment trust structures.

4AVI Global Special Situations Fund
CategoryUCITS Fund
Description

UCITS fund following a bottom-up, value-driven, research-intensive strategy targeting long-term total returns in excess of the MSCI ACWI index over rolling five-year periods. Total assets of $44.5m as of 31 May 2026 with an annual management charge of 0.75% on the A share class.

5AVI Japanese Special Situations Fund
CategoryUCITS Fund
Description

UCITS fund investing in over-capitalised small-cap Japanese equities to achieve long-term capital appreciation, with total assets of ¥19.7bn as of 31 May 2026 and an annual management charge of 1.0% on the A share class. The fund leverages AVI's engagement expertise to unlock value in under-researched Japanese segments.

6AVI Worldwide Opportunities Fund
CategoryUCITS Fund
Description

UCITS fund investing in event-driven opportunities in closed-end funds with clear catalysts for discount narrowing, supported by engagement and activism. Established in 2003 by Nick Greenwood; £36.9m total assets as of 31 May 2026 with 0.75% annual management charge on B share class.

7AVI Japan Discovery Fund
CategoryUCITS Fund
Description

UCITS fund providing access to AVI's Japan team investment and engagement expertise in overlooked and under-researched segments of the Japanese market, with a launch date of 11 February 2026.

Scale indicator14 records

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership1 partner
Strategic tierMinorTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2025-10-14
Description

Fidelity Japan Trust Plc announced a proposed scheme of reconstruction and members' voluntary winding up, to be implemented through a scheme with AVI Japan Opportunity Trust plc (AJOT). The scheme involves transferring assets to AJOT in exchange for new shares or cash, subject to shareholder approval, with an expected effective date of 27 November 2025.

Recent move8 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight6 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers1 record
TypeDirect peer
Description

London-based boutique investment manager specializing in closed-end fund discount arbitrage and special situations, with strategies and activist-style engagement closely overlapping AVI's CEF-focused MIGO and AWO products.

Market position
Strengths5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat5 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks6 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights7 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Named customers2 records

Each record includes

Name, Industry, Type, Use case, Source, UUID

Segment3 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile2 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
No
API detail
Has APIbool
No

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles7 records

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

No data
No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Asset Value Investors

Investment Managementassetvalueinvestors.com

What Asset Value Investors does

Asset Value Investors (AVI) is a London-based boutique investment manager founded in 1985, majority employee-owned, and authorised by the UK Financial Conduct Authority with US SEC registration. The firm manages over £1.8bn (as of 31 January 2025) across three listed investment trusts (AVI Global Trust, AVI Japan Opportunity Trust, MIGO Opportunities Trust) and four UCITS funds (AVI Global Special Situations, AVI Japanese Special Situations, AVI Worldwide Opportunities Fund, AVI Japan Discovery Fund), charging annual management fees of 0.75%-1.0%.

AVI's investment process is a long-only, bottom-up, value-oriented strategy that targets companies and funds trading at material discounts to intrinsic net asset value. The firm specialises in three sectors: family-controlled holding companies, listed closed-end funds, and asset-backed situations. It monitors more than 1,000 names globally (100+ European holding companies, 100+ Asian holding companies, 650+ listed closed-end funds, 100+ Japanese asset-backed companies, 100+ other asset-backed situations across South America, US, and Africa) and maintains detailed financial models on approximately 400 companies. The strategy combines deep fundamental research with active shareholder engagement and, increasingly, public activist campaigns (e.g., Gerresheimer, Wacom, Rohto Pharmaceutical).

The business is run by CEO/CIO Joe Bauernfreund (sole manager of AGT and AJOT since 2002) with a team of approximately 24 specialists. Revenue is generated entirely through recurring management fees on AUM, with the largest vehicles being AVI Global Trust (£1.3bn) and AVI Japan Opportunity Trust (£420.3m). Geographic exposure is concentrated in the UK and Japan, with selected reach into Europe, North America, South America, and Africa. AVI has reported an 11.6% average annual return since 30 June 1985 (Morningstar, net of fees, GBP).

Asset Value Investors firmographics

Firmographics
Name
Asset Value Investors
Legal name
Asset Value Investors Limited
Website
https://assetvalueinvestors.com
Company type
Private
Founded year
1985
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
11–50 employees
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

Asset Value Investors industry classification

Industry
Product category
Investment Management
NAICS
Portfolio Management and Investment Advice (523940)
SIC
Investment Advice (6282)
akta.pro primary industry
Multi-Asset Solutions for Institutional (Pensions/Endowments/Sovereigns) (FSAAAJAJ)
akta.pro secondary industries
Emerging Markets Equity (Active) (FSAAAIAF), Portfolio Construction & Asset Allocation Advisory (FSAEAAAC)

Keywords

  • Value investing management
  • Investment trust management
  • Closed-end fund management
  • Discount NAV investing
  • Active engagement investing

Where Asset Value Investors is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
London
HQ country
United Kingdom
HQ region
Europe

Offices1 record

Markets served

Asset Value Investors business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Services
Cost components
Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Technology or R&D, Others

Revenue model

  1. Investment Management Fees: AVI generates revenue through management fees charged on investment trusts (AVI Global Trust, AVI Japan Opportunity Trust, MIGO Opportunities Trust) and UCITS funds (AVI Global Special Situations, AVI Japanese Special Situations, AVI Worldwide Opportunities Fund, AVI Japan Discovery Fund). Fees range from 0.75% to 1.0% annual management charges depending on the fund and share class.

Pricing tiers

ModelBillingPrice
SubscriptionAnnualAVI Global Trust - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
SubscriptionAnnualAVI Japan Opportunity Trust - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
SubscriptionAnnualMIGO Opportunities Trust - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
SubscriptionAnnualAVI Global Special Situations Fund - Annual Management Charge: 0.75%
SubscriptionAnnualAVI Japanese Special Situations Fund - Annual Management Charge: 1.0%

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels2 records

Marketing channels6 records

Asset Value Investors product offering

Product offering

Core offering

Asset Value Investors (AVI) is a boutique investment manager that manages investment trusts and UCITS funds using a long-only, bottom-up, value-driven strategy focused on family-controlled holding companies, closed-end funds, and asset-backed companies whose shares trade at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value. The firm combines deep proprietary research with active engagement of portfolio company management and boards to unlock shareholder value, managing over £1.8bn across seven distinct funds and investment trusts.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Brands

  • AVI Global Trust: Investment trust focused on capital growth through investments in companies whose shares trade at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value.
  • AVI Japan Opportunity Trust
  • MIGO Opportunities Trust
  • AVI Global Special Situations
  • AVI Japanese Special Situations
  • AVI Worldwide Opportunities Fund
  • AVI Japan Discovery Fund

Products and services

  • AVI Global Trust Listed investment trust targeting long-term capital growth through a focused portfolio of investments in companies whose shares trade at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value. The Company has followed AVI's distinct investment style since 1985 to achieve superior long-term returns, with £1.3bn total assets as of 31 May 2026 and an 11.6% average annual return over the period 30 June 1985 to 31 May 2026.
  • AVI Japan Opportunity Trust Listed investment trust investing in a focused portfolio of over-capitalised small-cap Japanese equities, with £420.3m total assets as of 31 May 2026 and 138.1% 10-year NAV total return. The trust uses active engagement with company management to unlock value in under-researched Japanese market segments.
  • MIGO Opportunities Trust Listed investment trust investing in discount opportunities within the closed-ended fund sector where catalysts exist for value extraction, with £73.0m total assets as of 31 May 2026. Trust is able to invest across any geography or asset class held in investment trust structures.
  • AVI Global Special Situations Fund UCITS fund following a bottom-up, value-driven, research-intensive strategy targeting long-term total returns in excess of the MSCI ACWI index over rolling five-year periods. Total assets of $44.5m as of 31 May 2026 with an annual management charge of 0.75% on the A share class.
  • AVI Japanese Special Situations Fund UCITS fund investing in over-capitalised small-cap Japanese equities to achieve long-term capital appreciation, with total assets of ¥19.7bn as of 31 May 2026 and an annual management charge of 1.0% on the A share class. The fund leverages AVI's engagement expertise to unlock value in under-researched Japanese segments.
  • AVI Worldwide Opportunities Fund UCITS fund investing in event-driven opportunities in closed-end funds with clear catalysts for discount narrowing, supported by engagement and activism. Established in 2003 by Nick Greenwood; £36.9m total assets as of 31 May 2026 with 0.75% annual management charge on B share class.
  • AVI Japan Discovery Fund UCITS fund providing access to AVI's Japan team investment and engagement expertise in overlooked and under-researched segments of the Japanese market, with a launch date of 11 February 2026.

Quantifiable outcome

  • 11.6% Average Annual Return since inception (30 June 1985 to 31 May 2026)
  • +2 more outcomes

Companies that use Asset Value Investors

Customer profile

Named customers2 records

Segments3 records

Ideal customer profiles2 records

Asset Value Investors technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API
No
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Asset Value Investors partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

One partnership is on record.

  • Fidelity Japan TrustminorStrategic or Co-development Partner · 14 October 2025Fidelity Japan Trust Plc announced a proposed scheme of reconstruction and members' voluntary winding up, to be implemented through a scheme with AVI Japan Opportunity Trust plc (AJOT). The scheme involves transferring assets to AJOT in exchange for new shares or cash, subject to shareholder approval, with an expected effective date of 27 November 2025.

Scale indicators14 records

Recent moves8 records

Expansion highlights6 records

Asset Value Investors competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Direct peers

  • Marathon Asset Management: London-based boutique investment manager specializing in closed-end fund discount arbitrage and special situations, with strategies and activist-style engagement closely overlapping AVI's CEF-focused MIGO and AWO products.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

Asset Value Investors social profiles

Digital presence

Asset Value Investors financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Asset Value Investors leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles7 records

Asset Value Investors funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Asset Value Investors M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Asset Value Investors

What does Asset Value Investors do?

Asset Value Investors (AVI) is a boutique investment manager that manages investment trusts and UCITS funds using a long-only, bottom-up, value-driven strategy focused on family-controlled holding companies, closed-end funds, and asset-backed companies whose shares trade at a discount to estimated underlying net asset value. The firm combines deep proprietary research with active engagement of portfolio company management and boards to unlock shareholder value, managing over £1.8bn across seven distinct funds and investment trusts.

Is Asset Value Investors a public or private company?

Asset Value Investors is a private company. It is classified as management employee owned and is currently operating.

When was Asset Value Investors founded?

Asset Value Investors was founded in 1985. It employs 11 to 50 people.

Where is Asset Value Investors based?

Asset Value Investors is headquartered in London, United Kingdom, in the Europe region.

How does Asset Value Investors make money?

One revenue line is on record: investment Management Fees.

Who are Asset Value Investors's main competitors?

Marathon Asset Management is listed as a direct peer.

Does Asset Value Investors have an API?

No public API is recorded for Asset Value Investors.

What industry is Asset Value Investors in?

Asset Value Investors's product category is Investment Management. Its primary akta.pro industry code is FSAAAJAJ, Multi-Asset Solutions for Institutional (Pensions/Endowments/Sovereigns), with a secondary code of FSAAAIAF, Emerging Markets Equity (Active). Its NAICS code is 523940 and its SIC code is 6282.

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Live signals
InvestegateCompletion of acquisition of AVI by PAMPacific Asset Management completed its acquisition of AVI Global Trust's investment manager Asset Value Investors on 2 October 2026, after receiving all regulatory approvals. AVI manages £2.1 billion across its products, while Pacific manages over £18.4 billion.Funds-europePacific Asset Management acquires boutique investor AviLondon-headquartered Pacific Asset Management has agreed to acquire independent investment manager Asset Value Investors (Avi) through the purchase of 100% of its share capital. Avi, founded in 1985, manages three London-listed investment trusts and four open-ended funds using a benchmark-agnostic, engagement-led investment approach focused on companies trading below their net asset value. Under the new ownership, Avi will retain its brand and investment philosophy while gaining access to Pacific's technology platform and operational infrastructure to support its growth.YahooPacific Asset Management to buy Asset Value InvestorsPacific Asset Management has agreed to acquire the entire share capital of Asset Value Investors (AVI), including the roughly 25% stake currently held by Goodhart Partners, making Pacific the institutional partner for the independent boutique fund manager. AVI, founded in 1985 and known for its concentrated, benchmark-agnostic investment strategy focused on companies trading below net asset value, will retain its brand and continue operating as an independent boutique after the deal closes. The transaction is subject to regulatory approval and expected to complete in the second half of 2026, with no changes anticipated to the management of AVI's three London-listed investment trusts or its four open-ended funds.PacificamPress Release: Pacific Asset Management and Asset Value Investors announce strategic partnershipPacific Asset Management will acquire 100% of Asset Value Investors' share capital, becoming its strategic institutional partner. AVI will continue operating independently, managing its funds and investment trusts, while gaining access to Pacific's technology and infrastructure. The deal aims to broaden AVI's investor reach and support its long-term development.Private Banker InternationalPacific Asset Management to buy Asset Value InvestorsPacific Asset Management agreed to acquire the entire share capital of Asset Value Investors, including a 25% stake held by Goodhart Partners. The deal is expected to complete in the second half of 2026, subject to regulatory approval. AVI will retain its brand and independent status.NewsnReleasesAsset Value Investors to be acquired by Pacific Asset ManagementAsset Value Investors (AVI), the London-based specialist value investment manager, has agreed to sell its entire share capital to Pacific Asset Management in a deal intended to support AVI's next phase of growth. The acquisition will give AVI access to Pacific's technology, operations, and global distribution network while AVI maintains its brand, investment teams, and independent boutique approach under its existing leadership. The transaction, subject to regulatory approval, is expected to close in the second half of 2026, with Pacific also acquiring the approximately 25% stake in AVI currently held by Goodhart Partners.Investing.comAVI Japan Opportunity Trust manager to be acquired by Pacific By Investing.comPacific Asset Management, a London-based multi-boutique asset manager and part of Pinnacle Investment Management Group, announced the acquisition of Asset Value Investors Limited (AVI), the investment manager of AVI Japan Opportunity Trust plc (AJOT). The transaction includes Pacific acquiring the approximately 25% stake owned by Goodhart Partners and is subject to applicable conditions. The existing AVI investment team will remain in place, and the trust's investment philosophy, objectives, and fee arrangements will be unchanged, while AVI retains its brand as an independent boutique within Pacific.Investing.comAVI Global Trust’s manager to be acquired by Pacific Asset By Investing.comAVI Global Trust plc announced that its investment manager, Asset Value Investors Limited, will be acquired by Pacific Asset Management, a London-based multi-boutique asset manager owned by Pinnacle Investment Management group. The transaction is subject to regulatory approval and other conditions, with assurances that the existing investment team led by Joe Bauernfreund and Tom Treanor will remain unchanged. AVI will retain its brand and operate as an independent boutique within Pacific, gaining access to its distribution network and operational platform, while investment objectives, policies, and management fees will remain unchanged.AInvestAsset Value Investors raises stake in Ines Corp to 9.05% from 8.05%, filing showsAsset Value Investors has increased its stake in Ines Corp to 9.05% from 8.05%, according to a regulatory filing. The 1 percentage point increase represents a notable accumulation by the investor in the target company. The filing, dated July 23, 2026, discloses the updated ownership position.GlobeNewswireAVI urges the dismissal of two directors at WacomAsset Value Investors Limited (AVI), Wacom's largest shareholder with a 13.8% stake, has submitted shareholder proposals at Wacom Corporation's upcoming Annual General Meeting in June, calling for the dismissal of two directors including the Representative Director and CEO, Mr. Ide, and the appointment of one outside director. AVI cited serious governance concerns including an inappropriate acquisition of a loss-making company represented by one of Wacom's own outside directors for over ten million dollars without tangible synergies, as well as improper use of corporate resources and preferential treatment extended to the children of the company representative director. The Branded Business segment, one of Wacom's principal business units, fell into loss from FY2023/3 onwards amid large-scale restructuring measures.