U.S. Vanadium

What U.S. Vanadium does

U.S. Vanadium (legal entity: US Vanadium, LLC) is a privately held U.S. specialty chemicals producer headquartered in Hot Springs, Arkansas that manufactures the world's highest-purity vanadium oxides (V2O5 and V2O3) and ultra-high-purity vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) electrolyte from post-industrial waste streams. Operating two Arkansas facilities — a feedstock roasting plant in Benton (150,000 tonnes annual processing capacity, 22 employees, ISO 9001 certified, 37 acres) and a primary processing facility in Hot Springs (50+ years of continuous operation, 54 employees, ISO 9001:2015 certified, 912 acres) — the company recovers vanadium from secondary industrial sources, yielding products with a substantially smaller carbon footprint than primary vanadium mining operations.

The company sells approximately 17 SKUs across three categories (powders at technical, high-purity, and ultra-high-purity grades; vanadium electrolyte solutions at 1.6M, 1.7M, and 1.8M concentrations; and vanadium halide/vanadate solutions) via unit-priced e-commerce storefront for SMB/research buyers and a dedicated technical sales team for enterprise accounts. Pricing across grades ranges from roughly $12.77 per unit (1.6M electrolyte) up to $3,473 per unit for ultra-high-purity V2O5 powder, with bulk orders routed through sales. Customer verticals span VRFB energy storage system manufacturers (primary), aerospace and defense titanium alloy producers, chemical and catalyst producers, and (via the Tyfast MOU) heavy-duty EV battery anode developers. Capital intensity is high: a $5.8 million Belt Filter upgrade completed in September 2022 improved vanadium recovery, reduced operating costs, and supports continued ultra-high-purity electrolyte production.

U.S. Vanadium is 86% owned by TechMet Limited, a private critical-minerals investment firm partially owned by the U.S. Government through the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC). The company is led by CEO Darryll Castle (formerly CEO of Trafigura Mining, PPC Cement, and Anvil Mining) and Chairman Mark A. Smith (former President and CEO of Largo Resources Ltd., ex-CEO of Molycorp and Chevron Mining). Other directors include TechMet CFO John Hadfield, TechMet USA executive Anthony Weiss, and Daniel Katz of Traxys North America, giving the board deep mining, chemicals, trading, and government-finance expertise. 2025 has been an active year: a product launch of Fused V2O5 Flake for titanium alloys, an MOU with Tyfast Energy Corp., board restructuring, EcoVadis ESG rating, and an active campaign pressing the Pentagon to add vanadium to the National Defense Stockpiles.

Name

U.S. Vanadium

Legal name

US Vanadium, LLC

Website

https://usvanadium.com

Company type

Private

Founded year

1986

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

251–500 employees

Short description

U.S. Vanadium is a privately held specialty chemicals producer in Arkansas that manufactures the world's highest-purity vanadium oxides and VRFB electrolyte solutions from post-industrial waste streams for aerospace, defense, energy storage, and chemical/catalyst industries.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Vanadium Specialty Chemicals

NAICS

Chemical Manufacturing (325), Basic Chemical Manufacturing (3251), Other Basic Inorganic Chemical Manufacturing (325180)

SIC

Industrial Inorganic Chemicals (2810), Chemicals & Allied Products (2800)

akta.pro primary industry

Battery & Energy Storage High-Purity Chemicals (Electrolyte salts/solvents, additives) (IMAEAKAM)

akta.pro secondary industries

Hydrometallurgical Recycling & Refining (Leaching, Solvent Extraction, Precipitation) (EUAFACAD), Battery Recycling & Materials Recovery (Li-ion, LFP, Flow, Lead-Acid) (EUAMALAE)

Keywords

• Vanadium specialty chemicals
• High-purity vanadium oxides
• Vanadium electrolyte production
• Specialty chemical manufacturing
• Critical minerals processing

Headquarters

HQ city

Hot Springs Village

HQ country

United States

HQ region

North America

Offices3 records

Markets served

GTM type

B2B

Offering type

Hardware or Manufacturing

Cost components

Operations, Personnel, Infrastructure, Supply Chain, Technology or R&D, Marketing or Sales

Revenue model

1. Specialty Vanadium Chemicals: Production and sale of specialty vanadium chemicals including highest-purity Vanadium Pentoxide (V2O5) and Vanadium Trioxide (V2O3), vanadium halide solutions, vanadium powders, and vanadium electrolyte solutions for VRFBs.

Pricing tiers

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels2 records

Marketing channels3 records

Core offering

U.S. Vanadium produces and sells specialty vanadium chemicals including the world's highest-purity Vanadium Pentoxide (V2O5) and Vanadium Trioxide (V2O3), ultra-high-purity vanadium electrolyte solutions for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), ammonium meta vanadate, and a range of vanadate and vanadyl specialty chemicals. Production occurs at ISO 9001-certified facilities in Hot Springs and Benton, Arkansas, recovering vanadium from post-industrial waste streams to supply aerospace, defense, energy storage, and chemical/catalyst industries.

Product overview

U.S. Vanadium is a specialty chemical producer offering a portfolio of high-purity vanadium products, primarily vanadium oxides (V2O5 and V2O3) in powder and flake forms at various purity levels (technical grade through ultra-high purity), vanadium electrolyte solutions for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) at different concentrations (1.6M, 1.7M, 1.8M), and specialty vanadium chemicals including vanadate solutions (potassium, sodium), vanadyl compounds (oxalate, sulfate), and ammonium meta vanadate. The company positions itself as producing the highest-purity Vanadium Pentoxide in the world, serving aerospace (titanium alloys), energy storage (VRFBs), chemical/catalyst, and defense industries.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

• Vanadium Pentoxide Powder (UHG>99.8% V2O5) Ultra-high purity vanadium pentoxide powder with 99.8% V2O5 content, used for aerospace-grade titanium alloys, VRFB electrolyte, and specialty chemical applications.
• Vanadium Pentoxide Powder (HP>99.6% V2O5) High purity vanadium pentoxide powder with 99.6% V2O5 content for chemical, catalyst, and industrial applications.
• Fused Vanadium Pentoxide Flake (HP>99.6% V2O5) Fused vanadium pentoxide flake product designed for the titanium alloy industry, supporting aerospace and defense applications.
• Vanadium Trioxide Powder (HP>99.5% V2O3) High-purity vanadium trioxide powder used in catalysis, vanadium redox flow batteries as an electrolyte precursor, metallurgy, and production of vanadium alloys for aerospace applications.
• Vanadium Trioxide Powder (TG>98.5% V2O3) Technical grade vanadium trioxide powder for industrial applications requiring lower purity levels.
• Vanadium Electrolyte Solution (1.6M, Valence 3.5) Ultra-high-purity vanadium electrolyte solution at 1.6M concentration with valence 3.5 for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs).
• Vanadium Electrolyte Solution (1.7M, Valence 3.5) Ultra-high-purity vanadium electrolyte solution at 1.7M concentration with valence 3.5 for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs).
• Vanadium Electrolyte Solution (1.8M, Valence 3.5) Ultra-high-purity vanadium electrolyte solution at 1.8M concentration with valence 3.5 for vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs).
• Ammonium Meta Vanadate Powder (UHP>99.7%) Ultra-high purity ammonium meta vanadate powder for specialty chemical and catalyst applications.
• Ammonium Meta Vanadate Powder (HP>99.0%) High purity ammonium meta vanadate powder for industrial applications.
• Sodium Ammonium Vanadate Powder (>40% V) Sodium ammonium vanadate powder containing over 40% vanadium for various chemical applications.
• Vanadyl Sulfate Hydrate Vanadyl sulfate hydrate for chemical synthesis and specialty applications.
• Potassium Vanadate Solution (KMV12) Potassium vanadate solution for chemical and catalyst applications.
• Potassium Vanadate Solution (KMV14) Potassium vanadate solution for specialty chemical applications.
• Sodium Vanadate Solution (SMV16) Sodium vanadate solution for industrial and chemical applications.
• Vanadyl Oxalate (VOX10.5) Vanadyl oxalate solution for specialty chemical applications.
• Vanadyl Oxalate (VOX13) Vanadyl oxalate solution for chemical synthesis applications.
• Vanadyl Sulfate Solution (VS10) Vanadyl sulfate solution for various industrial applications.

Quantifiable outcome

• 5-6% moisture content in processed material (vs higher in conventional processing)
• +3 more outcomes

Named customers4 records

Segments4 records

Ideal customer profiles4 records

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API

No

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature3 records

Partnerships

One partnership is on record.

• Tyfast Energy Corp.coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 27 May 2025Joint development effort focused on scaling domestic production of ultra-fine-grain vanadium oxide materials critical for Tyfast's lithium vanadium oxide (LVO) anode for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. Tyfast will install precision milling equipment at US Vanadium's Hot Springs facility for in-situ production of controlled vanadium oxide particle sizes for lithium-ion anode materials. The collaboration aims to optimize synthesis of high-purity vanadium oxide from post-industrial waste streams, supporting heavy-duty EV applications including construction, mining, trucking, and defense vehicles.

Scale indicators7 records

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights6 records

Direct peers

• Energy Fuels: Energy Fuels is a US-based critical minerals producer that has expanded into vanadium recovery as a byproduct of uranium/mill operations, directly competing with USV's recycled-vanadium positioning.
• Invinity Energy Systems: Invinity is a leading Western VRFB system integrator and a direct buyer of USV-style ultra-high-purity vanadium electrolyte for grid-scale deployments, representing a key downstream customer and channel for vanadium demand.
• Bushveld Minerals: Bushveld is a primary vanadium miner and electrolyte producer with South African assets, including a VRFB electrolyte business (Bushveld Energy). It is a head-to-head competitor in both vanadium feedstock and VRFB electrolyte markets.
• Largo Resources: Largo is a primary vanadium producer operating the Maracás Menchen mine in Brazil. Mark Smith, USV's Chairman, was formerly Largo's CEO, and both companies compete at the upstream vanadium oxide stage of the supply chain.

Emerging players

• VanadiumCorp Resource Corp. VanadiumCorp is a Canadian junior producer developing vanadium electrolyte technology (Vanadium Electrolyte Process) and feedstock assets, competing in the VRFB electrolyte niche that USV currently leads.
• NioCorp Developments: NioCorp, led by USV Chairman Mark Smith, is developing a US critical minerals project targeting niobium, scandium, titanium, and vanadium, positioning it as a future US primary vanadium competitor to USV.

Regional players

• Shoals Technologies Group: Shoals is a US-based supplier of balance-of-system components for grid-scale battery energy storage. While not a chemistry producer, it is a complementary participant in the US utility-scale storage ecosystem where USV's electrolyte is deployed.

Broad incumbents

• Tronox Holdings: Tronox is a vertically integrated TiO2 producer that also recovers vanadium as a byproduct from its mineral sands and pigment operations, overlapping with USV's industrial waste-stream processing approach.
• Sumitomo Electric Industries: Sumitomo Electric, via its subsidiary Sumitomo Electric Industries, operates significant VRFB systems and adjacent vanadium electrolyte activities globally and is a broad incumbent in vanadium redox flow battery commercialization.
• Honeywell International (Performance Materials): Honeywell produces high-purity specialty chemicals and electrolyte materials used in energy storage and industrial applications, overlapping with USV's specialty vanadium chemicals and electrolyte portfolio.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks5 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

• Xx.com/usvanadium
• Facebookfacebook.com/usvanadium

Compliance3 records

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Profiles12 records

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about U.S. Vanadium