Developer docs
API playgroundTry for free, no card

Search company profiles

Calspan

Full company profile

uuid0007z7w

Namestring
Calspan
Websiteurl
calspan.com
Company typeenum
Private
Founded yearint
1943
Descriptiontext

Calspan is a Buffalo, New York-based aerospace and technology company founded in 1943 that provides testing and technology development services to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries. The company employs an estimated 251-500 people and operates as a privately held, for-profit entity. Its most visible capability is flight simulation technology used to replicate in-flight aircraft performance, most notably through the X-62A VISTA (Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft) program, a modified aircraft system capable of mimicking the performance characteristics of other aircraft to enable advanced flight testing.

Calspan's core technical asset is the VISTA platform, which is built on an open systems architecture modified to test artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities. The aircraft, redesignated from NF-16D in June 2021, serves the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base and has been recognized as a national asset. The program is executed in long-standing collaboration with Lockheed Martin Skunk Works, positioning Calspan as an operator and co-developer of a specialized, government-facing flight test capability rather than a commercial product vendor.

The available data does not disclose Calspan's revenue, pricing model, or go-to-market mechanics; pricing is not publicly disclosed. Its business appears anchored in government and defense contracting, supplemented by an acquisition-driven growth pattern, including the purchases of ASE (2020) and Triumph Aerospace Systems – Newport News, Inc. (2016). Recognition through the Aviation Week 2024 Laureate Award for Defense, Robert J. Collier Trophy finalist status (2023), and the James S. McDonnell Award (2023) reinforces its standing in the flight test and defense innovation community.

Short descriptiontext

Calspan is a Buffalo-based aerospace company providing flight testing and technology development services to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries, notably operating the X-62A VISTA in-flight simulation aircraft for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
251–500
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersBuffalo, United States
HQ citystring
Buffalo
HQ countrystring
United States
HQ regionstring
North America
Markets served

Serves global market

Keyword5 values
aerospace testing services, flight simulation testing, defense technology development, automotive testing services, in-flight simulation aircraft
Industry4 codes
1Avionics Test, Simulation & Calibration Equipment
CodeIMABAFANPrimaryYes
2Military Avionics, Mission Computers & Flight Controls
CodeIMABAMAEPrimaryNo
3Military Aerospace Ground Support Equipment (GSE) & Test Systems
CodeIMABAMALPrimaryNo
4Test & Measurement Equipment (Oscilloscopes, DAQ, signal analyzers, calibration benches)
CodeIMAGAFACPrimaryNo
NAICS code4 codes
  • Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and Nautical System and Instrument Manufacturing334511
  • Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals334515
  • Other Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing336413
  • Testing Laboratories and Services54138
SIC code4 codes
  • Search, Detection, Navagation, Guidance, Aeronautical Sys3812
  • Services-Testing Laboratories8734
  • Aircraft Parts & Auxiliary Equipment, Nec3728
  • Instruments For Meas & Testing Of Electricity & Elec Signals3825
Product category
Aerospace Testing and Simulation Services
Social media profiles3 records
Cost components4 values
Personnel, Technology or R&D, Operations, Infrastructure
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeServices
Services
Core offering1 text field

Calspan provides testing and technology development services and solutions to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries. Its flagship offering is the X-62A VISTA Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft, a modified aircraft that mimics the performance characteristics of other aircraft to support advanced flight testing and AI/autonomy capability evaluation for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 value
  • X-62A VISTA recognized as a national asset by U.S. Air Force
Product overview1 text field

No specific product details available in the source data. Calspan is known for aerospace testing services, including collaboration with Lockheed Martin on the X-62A VISTA Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft project, which tests artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.

Product and service3 records
1Aerospace Testing and Technology Development Services
CategoryAerospace Testing Services
Description

Specialized testing and technology development services for the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries, providing engineering support and performance validation for clients.

2X-62A VISTA Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft
CategoryFlight Simulation Testing
Description

Modified aircraft system capable of mimicking the performance characteristics of other aircraft, built on an open systems architecture to test artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base.

3AI and Autonomy Capability Evaluation Services
CategoryDefense Technology Development
Description

Evaluation and validation services for artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities, delivered through the VISTA platform's open systems architecture for defense and aerospace customers.

Scale indicator1 record

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership1 partner
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2021-06-01
Description

Calspan collaborates with Lockheed Martin Skunk Works on the X-62A VISTA program for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School. The partnership develops and operates the Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft, which has been recognized as a national asset and is used for testing artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities.

Recent move5 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight3 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers10 records
TypeDirect peer
Description

NI builds modular test & measurement hardware and software widely used across aerospace and defense validation workflows. Comparable to Calspan on the test instrumentation layer for advanced flight testing.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Kratos designs, produces, and supports high-performance unmanned aircraft and military aerospace platforms with test and evaluation capabilities. Overlaps with Calspan in defense aerospace flight testing and target/unmanned experimentation.

TypeDirect peer
Description

QinetiQ operates aerospace testing services and flight test campaigns for defense customers, particularly in the UK and allied markets. Mirrors Calspan's role as a specialized flight test and aerospace testing services provider.

TypeDirect peer
Description

CAE is a leading provider of flight simulation and training systems for both civil and military pilots. Overlaps with Calspan in variable in-flight simulation and synthetic test environments used for pilot training.

TypeOthers
Description

Lockheed Martin Skunk Works is Calspan's primary strategic partner on the VISTA program and a leading developer of advanced military aircraft. While not a direct competitor, it is the most operationally entangled peer given the joint development relationship.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Element is one of the largest independent testing and certification providers globally, with significant aerospace exposure. Comparable to Calspan's aerospace and automotive testing services offering.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Honeywell supplies flight controls, avionics, and test-related systems widely used in commercial and military aircraft. Overlaps with Calspan in avionics, flight controls, and aerospace systems integration.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Curtiss-Wright supplies rugged test, instrumentation, and data acquisition systems for military aerospace platforms, closely aligned with Calspan's flight test and avionics validation mission.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Marvin Test Solutions is a specialist in military aerospace test and measurement hardware, including flight line and depot test programs. Closely comparable to Calspan's avionics test and flight instrumentation focus.

TypeEmerging player
Description

Humanetics is a leading provider of crash test dummies, sensors, and automotive safety testing. Comparable to Calspan's traditional automotive crash testing line referenced in the company description.

Market position
Strengths4 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses4 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat4 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights6 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Named customers1 record

Each record includes

Name, Industry, Type, Use case, Source, UUID

Segment1 record

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile2 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
No
API detail
Has APIbool
No

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Feature1 record

Each record includes

Title, Differentiator, Description, Source

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
No data
No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds1 record

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors1 record

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A2 records

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Calspan

Aerospace Testing and Simulation Servicescalspan.com

Calspan is a Buffalo-based aerospace company providing flight testing and technology development services to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries, notably operating the X-62A VISTA in-flight simulation aircraft for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.

What Calspan does

Calspan is a Buffalo, New York-based aerospace and technology company founded in 1943 that provides testing and technology development services to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries. The company employs an estimated 251-500 people and operates as a privately held, for-profit entity. Its most visible capability is flight simulation technology used to replicate in-flight aircraft performance, most notably through the X-62A VISTA (Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft) program, a modified aircraft system capable of mimicking the performance characteristics of other aircraft to enable advanced flight testing.

Calspan's core technical asset is the VISTA platform, which is built on an open systems architecture modified to test artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities. The aircraft, redesignated from NF-16D in June 2021, serves the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base and has been recognized as a national asset. The program is executed in long-standing collaboration with Lockheed Martin Skunk Works, positioning Calspan as an operator and co-developer of a specialized, government-facing flight test capability rather than a commercial product vendor.

The available data does not disclose Calspan's revenue, pricing model, or go-to-market mechanics; pricing is not publicly disclosed. Its business appears anchored in government and defense contracting, supplemented by an acquisition-driven growth pattern, including the purchases of ASE (2020) and Triumph Aerospace Systems – Newport News, Inc. (2016). Recognition through the Aviation Week 2024 Laureate Award for Defense, Robert J. Collier Trophy finalist status (2023), and the James S. McDonnell Award (2023) reinforces its standing in the flight test and defense innovation community.

Calspan firmographics

Firmographics
Name
Calspan
Website
https://calspan.com
Company type
Private
Founded year
1943
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
251–500 employees
Short description
Calspan is a Buffalo-based aerospace company providing flight testing and technology development services to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries, notably operating the X-62A VISTA in-flight simulation aircraft for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

Calspan industry classification

Industry
Product category
Aerospace Testing and Simulation Services
NAICS
Search, Detection, Navigation, Guidance, Aeronautical, and Nautical System and Instrument Manufacturing (334511), Instrument Manufacturing for Measuring and Testing Electricity and Electrical Signals (334515), Other Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing (336413), Testing Laboratories and Services (54138)
SIC
Search, Detection, Navagation, Guidance, Aeronautical Sys (3812), Services-Testing Laboratories (8734), Aircraft Parts & Auxiliary Equipment, Nec (3728), Instruments For Meas & Testing Of Electricity & Elec Signals (3825)
akta.pro primary industry
Avionics Test, Simulation & Calibration Equipment (IMABAFAN)
akta.pro secondary industries
Military Avionics, Mission Computers & Flight Controls (IMABAMAE), Military Aerospace Ground Support Equipment (GSE) & Test Systems (IMABAMAL), Test & Measurement Equipment (Oscilloscopes, DAQ, signal analyzers, calibration benches) (IMAGAFAC)

Keywords

  • Aerospace testing services
  • Flight simulation testing
  • Defense technology development
  • Automotive testing services
  • In-flight simulation aircraft

Where Calspan is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
Buffalo
HQ country
United States
HQ region
North America

Markets served

Calspan business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Services
Cost components
Personnel, Technology or R&D, Operations, Infrastructure

Calspan product offering

Product offering

Core offering

Calspan provides testing and technology development services and solutions to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries. Its flagship offering is the X-62A VISTA Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft, a modified aircraft that mimics the performance characteristics of other aircraft to support advanced flight testing and AI/autonomy capability evaluation for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.

Product overview

No specific product details available in the source data. Calspan is known for aerospace testing services, including collaboration with Lockheed Martin on the X-62A VISTA Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft project, which tests artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

  • Aerospace Testing and Technology Development Services Specialized testing and technology development services for the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries, providing engineering support and performance validation for clients.
  • X-62A VISTA Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft Modified aircraft system capable of mimicking the performance characteristics of other aircraft, built on an open systems architecture to test artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base.
  • AI and Autonomy Capability Evaluation Services Evaluation and validation services for artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities, delivered through the VISTA platform's open systems architecture for defense and aerospace customers.

Quantifiable outcome

  • X-62A VISTA recognized as a national asset by U.S. Air Force

Companies that use Calspan

Customer profile

Named customers1 record

Segments1 record

Ideal customer profiles2 records

Calspan technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API
No
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature1 record

Calspan partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

One partnership is on record.

  • Lockheed Martin Skunk WorkscoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 June 2021Calspan collaborates with Lockheed Martin Skunk Works on the X-62A VISTA program for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School. The partnership develops and operates the Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft, which has been recognized as a national asset and is used for testing artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities.

Scale indicators1 record

Recent moves5 records

Expansion highlights3 records

Calspan competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Direct peers

  • National Instruments (NI, now part of Emerson): NI builds modular test & measurement hardware and software widely used across aerospace and defense validation workflows. Comparable to Calspan on the test instrumentation layer for advanced flight testing.
  • Kratos Defense & Security Solutions: Kratos designs, produces, and supports high-performance unmanned aircraft and military aerospace platforms with test and evaluation capabilities. Overlaps with Calspan in defense aerospace flight testing and target/unmanned experimentation.
  • QinetiQ: QinetiQ operates aerospace testing services and flight test campaigns for defense customers, particularly in the UK and allied markets. Mirrors Calspan's role as a specialized flight test and aerospace testing services provider.
  • CAE: CAE is a leading provider of flight simulation and training systems for both civil and military pilots. Overlaps with Calspan in variable in-flight simulation and synthetic test environments used for pilot training.
  • Element Materials Testing: Element is one of the largest independent testing and certification providers globally, with significant aerospace exposure. Comparable to Calspan's aerospace and automotive testing services offering.
  • Curtiss-Wright Defense Solutions: Curtiss-Wright supplies rugged test, instrumentation, and data acquisition systems for military aerospace platforms, closely aligned with Calspan's flight test and avionics validation mission.
  • Marvin Test Solutions: Marvin Test Solutions is a specialist in military aerospace test and measurement hardware, including flight line and depot test programs. Closely comparable to Calspan's avionics test and flight instrumentation focus.

Others

  • Lockheed Martin Skunk Works: Lockheed Martin Skunk Works is Calspan's primary strategic partner on the VISTA program and a leading developer of advanced military aircraft. While not a direct competitor, it is the most operationally entangled peer given the joint development relationship.

Broad incumbents

  • Honeywell Aerospace: Honeywell supplies flight controls, avionics, and test-related systems widely used in commercial and military aircraft. Overlaps with Calspan in avionics, flight controls, and aerospace systems integration.

Emerging players

  • Humanetics: Humanetics is a leading provider of crash test dummies, sensors, and automotive safety testing. Comparable to Calspan's traditional automotive crash testing line referenced in the company description.

Market position

Strengths4 records

Weaknesses4 records

Competitive moat4 records

Key risks5 records

Key highlights6 records

Customer concentration

Calspan social profiles

Digital presence

Calspan financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Calspan leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Calspan funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds1 record

Investors1 record

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Calspan M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A2 records

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Calspan

What does Calspan do?

Calspan provides testing and technology development services and solutions to the aerospace, defense, and automotive industries. Its flagship offering is the X-62A VISTA Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft, a modified aircraft that mimics the performance characteristics of other aircraft to support advanced flight testing and AI/autonomy capability evaluation for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School.

Is Calspan a public or private company?

Calspan is a private company. It is classified as unknown and is currently operating.

When was Calspan founded?

Calspan was founded in 1943. It employs 251 to 500 people.

Where is Calspan based?

Calspan is headquartered in Buffalo, United States, in the North America region.

Who are Calspan's main competitors?

Direct peers on record are National Instruments (NI, now part of Emerson), Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, QinetiQ, CAE, Element Materials Testing, Curtiss-Wright Defense Solutions and Marvin Test Solutions. Lockheed Martin Skunk Works is listed as an others. Honeywell Aerospace is listed as a broad incumbent. Humanetics is listed as an emerging player.

Does Calspan have an API?

No public API is recorded for Calspan.

What industry is Calspan in?

Calspan's product category is Aerospace Testing and Simulation Services. Its primary akta.pro industry code is IMABAFAN, Avionics Test, Simulation & Calibration Equipment, with a secondary code of IMABAMAE, Military Avionics, Mission Computers & Flight Controls. Its NAICS code is 334511 and its SIC code is 3812.

Unlock the full company data

50 free credits on sign-up, no credit card required.

Contact sales
Live signals
PR NewswireLite Coms Appoints Greg Campbell President, Effective June 30, 2026Lite Coms LLC announced the appointment of Greg Campbell as President, effective June 30, 2026, succeeding Bob Jacobson who will continue as CEO focusing on sales and strategic growth. Campbell joins from Calspan, where he served as President and led aerospace and defense programs including global SATCOM flight testing and the VISTA X-62A autonomous flight test program with the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School. The appointment reflects Lite Coms' continued investment in leadership as the company positions itself for its next phase of expansion serving defense and government customers.Lockheed MartinX-62A VISTAThe X-62A Variable In-Flight Simulation Test Aircraft (VISTA), developed by Lockheed Martin Skunk Works in collaboration with Calspan Corporation for the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, has been recognized as a national asset and redesignated from NF-16D in June 2021. The aircraft is built on open systems architecture and modified to test artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities, allowing it to mimic the performance characteristics of other aircraft. The VISTA program has received multiple recognitions including being a finalist for the 2023 Robert J. Collier Trophy, the Society of Flight Test Engineers' James S. McDonnell Award, and Aviation Week's 2024 Laureate Award for Defense.Fw-MagUpgraded X-62 VISTA (uncrewed F-16) ready for complex evaluationThe U.S. Air Force is preparing to test the uncrewed X-62 VISTA aircraft in complex scenarios following a Mission Systems Upgrade funded by the USAF Test Resource Management Center. Developed by Lockheed Martin's Skunk Works in collaboration with Calspan Corporation, the upgraded platform aims to enhance artificial intelligence and autonomy capabilities through advanced radar and sensor integration.TheaviationgeekclubX-62 VISTA to be upgraded to expand its role in flight testing of autonomy and artificial intelligenceThe US Air Force Test Pilot School at Edwards Air Force Base, with funding from the Test Resource Management Center (TRMC), is upgrading the X-62 VISTA aircraft with a comprehensive Mission Systems Upgrade to expand its role in testing artificial intelligence and autonomy systems in military aviation. The upgrade builds on the historic milestone from DARPA's Air Combat Evolution program where the X-62 conducted the first-ever human versus AI dogfight, enabling advanced radar and sensor integration for more complex testing scenarios. The aircraft, developed by Lockheed Martin Skunk Works in collaboration with Calspan Corporation, is positioned as a bridge between traditional human-centered air combat and the future integration of uncrewed combat aviation.HermeusQuarterhorse Wind Tunnel TestingHermeus conducted wind tunnel testing on a 10% scaled model of its Quarterhorse aircraft at Calspan in Buffalo, New York, to validate aerodynamic performance across subsonic and transonic regimes. The company plans to combine these physical test results with nearly 1,000 CFD simulations to refine control surfaces and landing gear before the aircraft's first flights. This testing is part of Hermeus' development process for high-speed hypersonic aircraft designed for the U.S. Department of Defense.CalspanCalspan Aerospace, Defense, and Automotive TestingCalspan is a testing and engineering services provider specializing in aerospace, defense, and automotive sectors, offering capabilities such as wind tunnel, flight testing, and crash testing. The company recently secured the 2024 Aviation Week Laureate Award for its work on the X-62A VISTA project and announced a strategic partnership with TECCON Austria GmbH. Calspan positions itself as a partner to innovators by providing specialized resources to accelerate development and reduce technical risks.Venture Capital Access OnlineCerberus Acquires Calspan’s Hypersonics and Test Systems Business Units from TransDigm and Forms North Wind, a Leading Independent Supplier of Hypersonic Test Infrastructure, Systems and ServicesCerberus Capital Management has acquired Calspan's hypersonics and defense test systems business units from TransDigm, establishing a new independent company named North Wind. This newly formed entity will focus on advancing the United States' hypersonic test capabilities. The acquisition reflects Cerberus' strategic investment in critical U.S. national security requirements.MilbankMilbank Represents Cerberus Capital Management on Its Acquisition of Hypersonic and Defense Test Systems Business Units from TransDigmMilbank LLP represented Cerberus Capital Management in the carve-out acquisition of Calspan's hypersonic and defense test systems business units from TransDigm Group, closing on May 30, 2024. The units will operate as an independent business called North Wind, focused on ground-based hypersonic test facility design, build, operations, testing and analysis. Cerberus' Supply Chain and Strategic Opportunities platform led the deal.Business Wire BlogCerberus Acquires Calspan’s Hypersonics and Test Systems Business Units from TransDigm and Forms North Wind, a Leading Independent Supplier of Hypersonic Test Infrastructure, Systems and ServicesCerberus Capital Management has acquired the hypersonics and test systems business units of Calspan from TransDigm Group, establishing a new independent entity named North Wind. Headquartered in St. Paul, Minnesota, North Wind will focus on providing ground-based facility design, testing, and analysis services for U.S. government RDT&E organizations to advance national security capabilities.PR NewswireGlobal Wind Tunnel Research Report 2023: Solution, Air-Speed, & Alignment Markets, Competition and Forecasts 2017-2022, 2022-2027F, 2032FResearchAndMarkets.com published the 'Wind Tunnel Global Market Report 2023', showing the global wind tunnel market is projected to grow from $2.69 billion in 2022 to $3.19 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 3.3%, driven by increasing demand for UAVs and technological advancements including hypersonic testing capabilities. In July 2020, Calspan Technology Holding Corporation acquired Aero Systems Engineering, Inc. to expand its wind tunnel services and establish itself as an industry pioneer in hypersonic research. North America was the largest regional market in 2022, with major players including Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries.