D2 Solar
D2Solar is a specialty photovoltaic engineering services company that designs, prototypes, tests, and pilots custom solar modules for clients in consumer/BIPV, land/sea, space/aerospace, and research sectors.
- Company typePrivate
- Founded2010
- HeadquartersSan Jose, United States
- Headcount11–50
- GTM typeB2B
- OfferingServices
What D2 Solar does
D2Solar LLC is a privately held specialty photovoltaic engineering services and manufacturing company founded in 2010 in the San Jose Bay Area, California. The company provides end-to-end custom solar module design, development, testing, and pilot-scale manufacturing for clients that require photovoltaic solutions beyond commodity silicon panels — spanning consumer products and Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), rugged land and marine environments, space and aerospace applications, and research-and-development programs. Its core technology includes advanced cell interconnection techniques (MBB, IBC, Shingling), laser micro-machining, vacuum lamination, screen printing, digital backsheet/interconnect manufacturing, and an in-house testing and reliability laboratory refreshed on an 18-month cycle (IV testing at AM0 and AM1.5, electroluminescence and photoluminescence imaging, thermal imaging, HAST, thermal shock, damp heat, humidity freeze, UV/QUV exposure, and thermo-mechanical flexure).
The business operates through six core service lines — Design & Engineering, Materials & Reliability, Prototyping and Feasibility Studies, At-Scale Production, Product Release, and Research & Development — alongside a 10MW pilot production line with made-in-America compliance. Revenue is generated through custom, quote-based engineering services contracts and specialty module hardware sales to a customer base ranging from startups to global enterprises, academic institutions, and national labs. The company has reported 200+ partners, 50+ unique solar designs deployed worldwide, and 1,000+ equivalent years of reliability data, with primary operational geography in the United States and selected Southeast Asia (Singapore) exposure. The sole disclosed capital event is a December 2010 seed round of $350,000 from InSite Partners, with no subsequent institutional funding reported.
D2 Solar firmographics
Firmographics- Name
- D2 Solar
- Legal name
- D2Solar LLC
- Website
- https://d2solar.com
- Company type
- Private
- Founded year
- 2010
- Operating status
- Operating
- Headcount range
- 11–50 employees
- Short description
- D2Solar is a specialty photovoltaic engineering services company that designs, prototypes, tests, and pilots custom solar modules for clients in consumer/BIPV, land/sea, space/aerospace, and research sectors.
- Ownership category
- akta.pro rank
D2 Solar industry classification
Industry- Product category
- Specialty Photovoltaic Engineering Services
- NAICS
- Scientific Research and Development Services (5417), Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Nanotechnology and Biotechnology) (541715), Guided Missile and Space Vehicle Manufacturing (336414)
- SIC
- Services-Commercial Physical & Biological Research (8731), Instruments For Meas & Testing Of Electricity & Elec Signals (3825), Guided Missiles & Space Vehicles & Parts (3760)
- akta.pro primary industry
- Solar Design, Engineering & Performance Software (PV Modeling, Digital Twins, Monitoring) (EUAMABAH)
- akta.pro secondary industries
- Solar PV Module Manufacturing (Cells, Modules, Thin-Film) (EUAMABAD), Solar Quality, Testing, Certification & Standards (Lab Testing, Inspections, Compliance) (EUAMABAN), Next-Gen Photovoltaics R&D (Perovskite, Tandem, Organic, BIPV Materials) (EUAMAOAA), Space Power Systems (Solar Arrays, Batteries, EPS) (IMABACAH)
Keywords
Where D2 Solar is headquartered
LocationHeadquarters
- HQ city
- San Jose
- HQ country
- United States
- HQ region
- North America
Offices1 record
Markets served
D2 Solar business model
Business model- GTM type
- B2B
- Offering type
- Services
- Cost components
- Personnel, Infrastructure, Technology or R&D, Supply Chain, Operations, Marketing or Sales
Revenue model
- Engineering Services: D2Solar provides comprehensive engineering services spanning design & engineering, materials & reliability, prototyping & feasibility studies, product release, and research & development. These services are offered as a collaborative partnership with clients throughout the development lifecycle.
- Manufacturing Production: At-scale production services through their 10MW manufacturing facility, supporting clients in scaling production, reducing BOM costs, and optimizing yields for specialty solar modules.
Pricing tiers
| Model | Billing | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Other | Multi-year contract | Custom project-based pricing |
Go-to-market motion1 record
Distribution channels1 record
Marketing channels2 records
D2 Solar product offering
Product offeringCore offering
D2 Solar is a custom photovoltaic (PV) engineering services and specialty solar module manufacturer. It provides end-to-end services spanning PV design and engineering, materials and reliability testing, prototyping and feasibility studies, at-scale production through a 10MW pilot line, product release, and research and development. The company serves clients across consumer & BIPV, land & sea, space & aerospace, and research & science markets, operating as an extension of its customers' engineering teams.
Product overview
D2 Solar is a specialty photovoltaic engineering services company offering a comprehensive suite of services from design through manufacturing. The company operates as a one-of-a-kind custom module company with six core service offerings: Design & Engineering, Materials & Reliability, Prototyping and Feasibility Studies, At-Scale Production (10MW), Product Release, and Research & Development. These services support four market verticals: Consumer & Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV), Land & Sea (Terrestrial and Marine), Space & Aerospace, and Research & Science. The company also operates an in-house equipment laboratory providing Testing Equipment Services, Manufacturing Equipment Services, Characterization Equipment Services, and Reliability Equipment Services. D2 Solar's offerings are structured around their phased approach methodology, guiding projects through every development stage from initial concept to full-scale commercial production.
Differentiator
Problem solved
Functional benefit
Products and services
- Design & Engineering Photovoltaic design optimization for cost, performance, and reliability, covering initial product concepts, design customization, process development, testing, and manufacturing support for businesses developing specialty solar products.
- Materials & Reliability Materials selection and reliability testing services including scratch resistance, UV protection, polymer longevity, pre-qualification, and lifetime testing and prediction for solar product developers.
- Prototyping and Feasibility Studies Photovoltaic prototyping and feasibility development with advanced engineering capabilities to fast-track prototypes and pilot production, streamlining development to save costs and accelerate market entry.
- At-Scale Production Pilot manufacturing lines for production and design qualification, and component supply through a vetted network, supporting scaling production, reducing BOM costs, and optimizing yields.
- Product Release 10MW production line with made-in-America compliance, flexibility, and surveillance monitoring, including stringent qualifications and manufacturing protocols for quality control of specialty solar modules.
- Research & Development Photovoltaic R&D support spanning materials processing, cell development, and component interconnects to advance differentiated technology for academic, national lab, and commercial programs.
Quantifiable outcome
- 1,000+ years of reliability data supporting product validation
- +3 more outcomes
Companies that use D2 Solar
Customer profileSegments4 records
Ideal customer profiles4 records
D2 Solar technology and API
TechnologyTechnology focussed No
API detail
- Has API
- No
- API docs
- API detail
Core technology
AI maturity
App detail
Feature6 records
D2 Solar partnerships and signals
Strategic signalScale indicators5 records
Recent moves5 records
Expansion highlights5 records
D2 Solar competitors and assessment
Company assessmentBroad incumbents
- Spectrolab: Spectrolab, a Boeing subsidiary, is a leading supplier of space solar cells and panels. It is comparable to D2Solar's Space & Aerospace segment as both produce high-efficiency, radiation-hardened photovoltaic products for satellite and aerospace customers.
- First Solar: First Solar manufactures thin-film cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar modules for utility-scale and specialty applications. While it operates at utility scale rather than D2Solar's specialty niche, it competes for R&D partnerships and represents the larger incumbent in advanced PV manufacturing.
- SunPower (Maxeon): Maxeon Solar (the technology spin-off of SunPower) manufactures high-efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells and modules, including for premium rooftop and specialty applications. Comparable to D2Solar in the BIPV/premium residential solar space but at much greater scale.
Emerging players
- Swift Solar: Swift Solar develops perovskite tandem solar cells targeting high-efficiency applications including aerospace. It is comparable to D2Solar's R&D and next-gen PV cell development activities for customers seeking high specific-power solutions.
- MicroLink Devices: MicroLink Devices produces flexible, lightweight solar sheets for aerospace, defense, and wearable applications. It overlaps with D2Solar's lightweight and flexible PV offerings for satellites, UAVs, and other space/aerospace customers.
- SunHydrogen: SunHydrogen is a renewable energy technology developer working on advanced solar hydrogen production. It is thematically comparable to D2Solar as a small R&D-stage PV technology company targeting specialty/next-generation solar applications.
Direct peers
- MiaSolé: MiaSolé produces flexible copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar modules for rooftop, portable, and specialty applications. It competes with D2Solar's flexible/portable PV capabilities in the consumer and BIPV segments.
- Azur Space Solar Power: Azur Space manufactures high-efficiency multi-junction solar cells primarily for space applications. It is comparable to D2Solar as a specialty cell/module producer serving aerospace and R&D customers with high specific-power requirements.
- SolAero (Hanwha): SolAero manufactures high-efficiency solar cells and panels for space and terrestrial applications, now part of Hanwha. It directly competes with D2Solar in specialty/cell-level PV engineering and production for space and emerging terrestrial markets.
Others
- Custom MMIC: Custom MMIC is an engineering services and design company providing specialty RF/microwave solutions. Comparable to D2Solar as an adjacent specialty engineering services firm catering to defense/aerospace primes with similar high-mix, low-volume, design-to-production workflows.
Market position
Strengths5 records
Weaknesses5 records
Competitive moat4 records
Key risks5 records
Key highlights7 records
Customer concentration
D2 Solar social profiles
Digital presenceD2 Solar financial estimates
Financial estimateRevenue estimate
Valuation estimate
D2 Solar leadership team
Management profileNumber of profiles
Profiles1 record
D2 Solar funding detail
Funding detailFunding overview
Funding rounds1 record
Investors1 record
Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
D2 Solar M&A and investment
M&A and investmentM&A
Investments
M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Frequently asked questions about D2 Solar
What does D2 Solar do?
D2 Solar is a custom photovoltaic (PV) engineering services and specialty solar module manufacturer. It provides end-to-end services spanning PV design and engineering, materials and reliability testing, prototyping and feasibility studies, at-scale production through a 10MW pilot line, product release, and research and development. The company serves clients across consumer & BIPV, land & sea, space & aerospace, and research & science markets, operating as an extension of its customers' engineering teams.
Is D2 Solar a public or private company?
D2 Solar is a private company. It is classified as founder individual operated bootstrapped and is currently operating.
When was D2 Solar founded?
D2 Solar was founded in 2010. It employs 11 to 50 people.
Where is D2 Solar based?
D2 Solar is headquartered in San Jose, United States, in the North America region.
How does D2 Solar make money?
Two revenue lines are on record. Engineering Services are the primary driver. The others are manufacturing Production.
Who are D2 Solar's main competitors?
Broad incumbents on record are Spectrolab, First Solar and SunPower (Maxeon). Emerging players are Swift Solar, MicroLink Devices and SunHydrogen. Direct peers are MiaSolé, Azur Space Solar Power and SolAero (Hanwha). Custom MMIC is listed as an others.
Does D2 Solar have an API?
No public API is recorded for D2 Solar.
What industry is D2 Solar in?
D2 Solar's product category is Specialty Photovoltaic Engineering Services. Its primary akta.pro industry code is EUAMABAH, Solar Design, Engineering & Performance Software (PV Modeling, Digital Twins, Monitoring), with a secondary code of EUAMABAD, Solar PV Module Manufacturing (Cells, Modules, Thin-Film). Its NAICS code is 5417 and its SIC code is 8731.