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Government of South Korea

Full company profile

uuid000ofap

Namestring
Government of South Korea
Legal namestring
Government of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 정부)
Websiteurl
gov.kr
Company typeenum
Public
Founded yearint
1948
Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersSejong Special Self-Governing City, South Korea
HQ citystring
Sejong Special Self-Governing City
HQ countrystring
South Korea
HQ regionstring
Asia
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices10 records

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
public administration services, e-government services, digital citizen services, civil document issuance, government benefit programs
Industry1 code
1BPAIAAAE
CodeBPAIAAAEPrimaryYes
NAICS code3 codes
  • 921190
  • 92812
  • 92119
SIC code2 codes
  • 8888
  • 9721
Product category
Public Administration Services
GTM motion2 records

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model2 records
1Government Revenue (Taxation)
TypeOthers
Description

National government operates on public taxation revenue, with 26.2 trillion won supplementary budget approved for Iran war economic impact mitigation

businesstimes.com.sg
2Policy Financing
TypeOthers
Description

Government provides policy financing to support industries, including 15 trillion won emergency support for auto sector impacted by US tariffs

thehindubusinessline.com
Marketing channels5 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels5 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components5 values
Personnel, Operations, Technology or R&D, Infrastructure, Marketing or Sales
Pricing details2 tiers
1Consumer voucher support program for households
ModelOtherBilling cadenceOne time
Notes

100,000 to 600,000 won per person for bottom 70% income earners; nationwide fuel price caps for approximately six months

businesstimes.com.sg
2Government24 digital services platform
ModelFreemiumBilling cadenceOther
Notes

Core citizen services provided free; nominal fees for certain document issuances and processing

gov.kr
GTM typeB2C
B2C
Offering typeServices
Services
Core offering1 text field

The Government of South Korea operates Government24 (정부24), a comprehensive e-government portal providing citizens unified access to 13,038 government services spanning civil requests, benefit notifications, electronic certificates, and policy information. The platform integrates 2,031 central administrative agencies, 267 education offices, and local government systems, supplemented by a nationwide network of 5,820 unmanned civil service terminals, mobile applications, and 195 overseas diplomatic missions for consular and bilateral cooperation services.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 of 4 values shown
  • 56 million monthly portal visits demonstrating high digital service adoption
+3 more records
Product overview1 text field

Government of South Korea operates Government 24 (정부24), a comprehensive e-government platform that consolidates civil services, government benefits, policy information, and administrative services from 2,031 central government agencies, 267 education offices, and local governments. The platform architecture consists of the core Government 24 portal integrated with the 전자증명서 (electronic certificate) system and 공공 마이데이터 (public MyData) service for citizen data management. Key modules include 혜택알리미 for personalized benefit notifications, 전자문서지갑 for digital certificate storage, and e하나로민원 for cross-agency data sharing. Additional services encompass 무인민원발급 (5,820 unmanned kiosks), 주소 영문변환 (address conversion), and fact verification services. The ecosystem extends to specialized portals for children (어린이 정부포털), seniors (시니어 지원), and foreigners (외국인서비스), all supported by Open APIs available through the 공공데이터포털 platform.

Product and service7 records
1Government 24 (정부24) E-Government Portal
CategoryE-Government Platform
2Electronic Certificates (전자증명서)
CategoryDigital Document Services
3Public MyData (공공 마이데이터)
CategoryCitizen Data Management Service
4Unmanned Civil Service Issuance (무인민원발급)
CategorySelf-Service Government Kiosks
5Kids Government Portal (어린이 정부포털)
CategorySub-brand Government Portal
6Senior Support Services (시니어 지원)
CategorySub-brand Government Services
7Foreigners Service (외국인서비스)
CategorySub-brand Government Portal
Scale indicator17 records

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership12 partners
1Nigeria (SMEDAN)
Strategic tierMinorTypeGTM or Marketing PartnerAnnounced on2026-06-28
Description

$12 million Korean government commitment to establish Skills Acquisition Centre in Abuja providing vocational and entrepreneurial training to young Nigerians. SMEDAN also unveiling N500m zero-interest Grow Fund.

punchng.com
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2026-04-30
Description

Energy security cooperation discussions between Foreign Minister Penny Wong and South Korean officials. Agreement to continue serving as reliable energy suppliers for each other amid Middle East conflict disruptions.

Strategic tierFlagshipTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2026-04-21
Description

State visit to deepen cooperation in large-scale infrastructure, nuclear power, AI, and semiconductors with target of $150 billion bilateral trade by 2030. Record $94.6 billion trade in 2025.

Strategic tierFlagshipTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2026-04-20
Description

Comprehensive strategic partnership upgrade including over a dozen MOUs in AI, semiconductors, IT, shipbuilding, sustainability, steel, and ports. Joint declaration to resume CEPA bilateral trade negotiations with target of doubling bilateral trade to $50 billion by 2030.

Strategic tierFlagshipTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2026-04-12
Description

Near-finalization of crude oil supply agreement to diversify away from Middle Eastern oil due to Hormuz disruptions. Part of strategy to reduce 70% Middle East dependency.

Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2026-04-03
Description

Agreement to work together on Strait of Hormuz reopening and West Asian stability. Signed agreements on nuclear fuel supply chains, offshore wind projects in southern South Korea, and critical minerals cooperation.

7Nigeria (Rural Electrification Agency)
Strategic tierMinorTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2026-02-13
Description

In-kind grant partnership delivering 1MW solar hybrid mini-grid systems in Abuja communities (900kWp in Rubochi, 100kWp in Ikwa) with 1,800kWh battery storage.

bizwatchnigeria.ng
Strategic tierMinorTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

Pledge from UAE for long-term energy supply stability as alternative source amid regional disruptions.

Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

Diplomatic outreach for alternative oil supply arrangements following Hormuz disruptions.

Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

Diplomatic discussions for alternative crude oil sourcing amid Middle East tensions.

Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

High-level talks to resume bilateral FTA negotiations stalled since 2022, addressing concerns about Mexico's tariff hikes on imports from non-FTA countries impacting Korean auto and home appliance companies.

Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

Trump highlighted Hanwha's $5 billion investment into Philadelphia naval shipyard as part of US Navy frigate construction plan under $150 billion MASGA shipbuilding initiative.

Recent move7 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight6 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers10 records
1Government of United Kingdom
TypeBroad incumbent
Description

UK government, operator of GOV.UK single-domain citizen portal and one-stop service platform. Comparable as a G7 government operating consolidated digital service delivery with multiple ministerial departments.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Canadian federal government, which operates the Canada.ca single-entry portal consolidating federal services. Comparable as a G7 government with multi-ministry structure (19 ministries in Korea vs. 20+ federal departments in Canada) and a federal-state service delivery model.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Singapore's national government, widely regarded as a global leader in digital government services through Smart Nation and MyInfo citizen data platform. Directly comparable as a sovereign government executing comprehensive e-government strategy at national scale.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Japanese national government, which established its Digital Agency in 2021 to unify government digital services (similar to Government24). Comparable as a neighboring advanced economy pursuing similar digital government consolidation and facing demographic pressures.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Indian national government, which operates the largest digital identity program (Aadhaar) and Digital India initiative. Comparable as a major bilateral trade partner ($50B target by 2030) and as a sovereign government executing large-scale digital service delivery.

6Government of Finland
TypeDirect peer
Description

Finnish national government, recognized for highly digitized public services and inter-agency data exchange via Suomi.fi. Comparable for digital-first citizen services approach and a similar-sized advanced economy executing cross-ministry digital integration.

TypeRegional player
Description

Australian federal government, which operates myGov portal for unified citizen services and is a key energy security partner to South Korea. Comparable as an Asia-Pacific bilateral partner pursuing digital government modernization.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Estonian government, the pioneer of digital governance (e-Estonia) offering 99% of government services online via its X-Road inter-agency data exchange. Highly comparable for digital infrastructure (MyData, inter-agency data sharing, electronic document wallet) and small-population digital-first execution model.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Danish national government, ranked among the world's top digital governments with borger.dk portal for citizen services. Comparable as a mature OECD government investing in digital service delivery and AI public-sector applications.

10Government of United Arab Emirates
TypeRegional player
Description

UAE federal government, known for Smart Dubai and UAE Strategy 2031 covering AI and digital government. Comparable as a national government pursuing ambitious digital transformation and serving as an energy/security partner to South Korea.

Market position
Strengths5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat6 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks6 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights6 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Named customers4 records

Each record includes

Name, Industry, Type, Use case, Source, UUID

Segment4 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile4 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
Yes
API detail
Has APIbool
Yes

Docs URL, Description

Integration8 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Description, Source

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Feature4 records

Each record includes

Title, Differentiator, Description, Source

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles1 record

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

Subsidiaries20 records

Each record includes

Name, Acquired on, Relationship type, Type, Business focus

Compliance1 record

Each record includes

Name, Class, Description

Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment2 records

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Government of South Korea

Public Administration Servicesgov.kr

Government of South Korea firmographics

Firmographics
Name
Government of South Korea
Legal name
Government of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 정부)
Website
https://gov.kr
Company type
Public
Founded year
1948
Operating status
Operating
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

Where Government of South Korea is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
Sejong Special Self-Governing City
HQ country
South Korea
HQ region
Asia

Offices10 records

Markets served

Government of South Korea business model

Business model
GTM type
B2C
Offering type
Services
Cost components
Personnel, Operations, Technology or R&D, Infrastructure, Marketing or Sales

Revenue model

  1. Government Revenue (Taxation): National government operates on public taxation revenue, with 26.2 trillion won supplementary budget approved for Iran war economic impact mitigation
  2. Policy Financing: Government provides policy financing to support industries, including 15 trillion won emergency support for auto sector impacted by US tariffs

Pricing tiers

ModelBillingPrice
OtherOne timeConsumer voucher support program for households
FreemiumOtherGovernment24 digital services platform

Go-to-market motion2 records

Distribution channels5 records

Marketing channels5 records

Government of South Korea product offering

Product offering

Core offering

The Government of South Korea operates Government24 (정부24), a comprehensive e-government portal providing citizens unified access to 13,038 government services spanning civil requests, benefit notifications, electronic certificates, and policy information. The platform integrates 2,031 central administrative agencies, 267 education offices, and local government systems, supplemented by a nationwide network of 5,820 unmanned civil service terminals, mobile applications, and 195 overseas diplomatic missions for consular and bilateral cooperation services.

Product overview

Government of South Korea operates Government 24 (정부24), a comprehensive e-government platform that consolidates civil services, government benefits, policy information, and administrative services from 2,031 central government agencies, 267 education offices, and local governments. The platform architecture consists of the core Government 24 portal integrated with the 전자증명서 (electronic certificate) system and 공공 마이데이터 (public MyData) service for citizen data management. Key modules include 혜택알리미 for personalized benefit notifications, 전자문서지갑 for digital certificate storage, and e하나로민원 for cross-agency data sharing. Additional services encompass 무인민원발급 (5,820 unmanned kiosks), 주소 영문변환 (address conversion), and fact verification services. The ecosystem extends to specialized portals for children (어린이 정부포털), seniors (시니어 지원), and foreigners (외국인서비스), all supported by Open APIs available through the 공공데이터포털 platform.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

  • Government 24 (정부24) E-Government Portal
  • Electronic Certificates (전자증명서)
  • Public MyData (공공 마이데이터)
  • Unmanned Civil Service Issuance (무인민원발급)
  • Kids Government Portal (어린이 정부포털)
  • Senior Support Services (시니어 지원)
  • Foreigners Service (외국인서비스)

Quantifiable outcome

  • 56 million monthly portal visits demonstrating high digital service adoption
  • +3 more outcomes

Companies that use Government of South Korea

Customer profile

Named customers4 records

Segments4 records

Ideal customer profiles4 records

Government of South Korea technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API
Yes
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Integration8 records

Feature4 records

Government of South Korea partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

Twelve partnerships are on record, tiered minor, core and flagship.

  • Nigeria (SMEDAN)minorGTM or Marketing Partner · 28 June 2026$12 million Korean government commitment to establish Skills Acquisition Centre in Abuja providing vocational and entrepreneurial training to young Nigerians. SMEDAN also unveiling N500m zero-interest Grow Fund.
  • AustraliacoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 30 April 2026Energy security cooperation discussions between Foreign Minister Penny Wong and South Korean officials. Agreement to continue serving as reliable energy suppliers for each other amid Middle East conflict disruptions.
  • VietnamflagshipStrategic or Co-development Partner · 21 April 2026State visit to deepen cooperation in large-scale infrastructure, nuclear power, AI, and semiconductors with target of $150 billion bilateral trade by 2030. Record $94.6 billion trade in 2025.
  • IndiaflagshipStrategic or Co-development Partner · 20 April 2026Comprehensive strategic partnership upgrade including over a dozen MOUs in AI, semiconductors, IT, shipbuilding, sustainability, steel, and ports. Joint declaration to resume CEPA bilateral trade negotiations with target of doubling bilateral trade to $50 billion by 2030.
  • KazakhstanflagshipStrategic or Co-development Partner · 12 April 2026Near-finalization of crude oil supply agreement to diversify away from Middle Eastern oil due to Hormuz disruptions. Part of strategy to reduce 70% Middle East dependency.
  • FrancecoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 3 April 2026Agreement to work together on Strait of Hormuz reopening and West Asian stability. Signed agreements on nuclear fuel supply chains, offshore wind projects in southern South Korea, and critical minerals cooperation.
  • Nigeria (Rural Electrification Agency)minorStrategic or Co-development Partner · 13 February 2026In-kind grant partnership delivering 1MW solar hybrid mini-grid systems in Abuja communities (900kWp in Rubochi, 100kWp in Ikwa) with 1,800kWh battery storage.
  • UAE (United Arab Emirates)minorStrategic or Co-development PartnerPledge from UAE for long-term energy supply stability as alternative source amid regional disruptions.
  • Saudi ArabiacoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerDiplomatic outreach for alternative oil supply arrangements following Hormuz disruptions.
  • OmancoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerDiplomatic discussions for alternative crude oil sourcing amid Middle East tensions.
  • MexicocoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerHigh-level talks to resume bilateral FTA negotiations stalled since 2022, addressing concerns about Mexico's tariff hikes on imports from non-FTA countries impacting Korean auto and home appliance companies.
  • Hanwha GroupcoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerTrump highlighted Hanwha's $5 billion investment into Philadelphia naval shipyard as part of US Navy frigate construction plan under $150 billion MASGA shipbuilding initiative.

Scale indicators17 records

Recent moves7 records

Expansion highlights6 records

Government of South Korea competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Broad incumbents

  • Government of United Kingdom: UK government, operator of GOV.UK single-domain citizen portal and one-stop service platform. Comparable as a G7 government operating consolidated digital service delivery with multiple ministerial departments.
  • Government of Canada: Canadian federal government, which operates the Canada.ca single-entry portal consolidating federal services. Comparable as a G7 government with multi-ministry structure (19 ministries in Korea vs. 20+ federal departments in Canada) and a federal-state service delivery model.
  • Government of Denmark: Danish national government, ranked among the world's top digital governments with borger.dk portal for citizen services. Comparable as a mature OECD government investing in digital service delivery and AI public-sector applications.

Direct peers

  • Government of Singapore: Singapore's national government, widely regarded as a global leader in digital government services through Smart Nation and MyInfo citizen data platform. Directly comparable as a sovereign government executing comprehensive e-government strategy at national scale.
  • Government of Japan: Japanese national government, which established its Digital Agency in 2021 to unify government digital services (similar to Government24). Comparable as a neighboring advanced economy pursuing similar digital government consolidation and facing demographic pressures.
  • Government of India: Indian national government, which operates the largest digital identity program (Aadhaar) and Digital India initiative. Comparable as a major bilateral trade partner ($50B target by 2030) and as a sovereign government executing large-scale digital service delivery.
  • Government of Finland: Finnish national government, recognized for highly digitized public services and inter-agency data exchange via Suomi.fi. Comparable for digital-first citizen services approach and a similar-sized advanced economy executing cross-ministry digital integration.
  • Government of Estonia: Estonian government, the pioneer of digital governance (e-Estonia) offering 99% of government services online via its X-Road inter-agency data exchange. Highly comparable for digital infrastructure (MyData, inter-agency data sharing, electronic document wallet) and small-population digital-first execution model.

Regional players

  • Government of Australia: Australian federal government, which operates myGov portal for unified citizen services and is a key energy security partner to South Korea. Comparable as an Asia-Pacific bilateral partner pursuing digital government modernization.
  • Government of United Arab Emirates: UAE federal government, known for Smart Dubai and UAE Strategy 2031 covering AI and digital government. Comparable as a national government pursuing ambitious digital transformation and serving as an energy/security partner to South Korea.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat6 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights6 records

Customer concentration

Government of South Korea social profiles

Digital presence

Government of South Korea compliance and trust

Trust signal

Compliance1 record

Government of South Korea financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Government of South Korea leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles1 record

Government of South Korea subsidiaries and ownership

Company hierarchy

Subsidiaries20 records

Government of South Korea funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Government of South Korea M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A

Investments2 records

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Government of South Korea

What does Government of South Korea do?

The Government of South Korea operates Government24 (정부24), a comprehensive e-government portal providing citizens unified access to 13,038 government services spanning civil requests, benefit notifications, electronic certificates, and policy information. The platform integrates 2,031 central administrative agencies, 267 education offices, and local government systems, supplemented by a nationwide network of 5,820 unmanned civil service terminals, mobile applications, and 195 overseas diplomatic missions for consular and bilateral cooperation services.

Is Government of South Korea a public or private company?

Government of South Korea is a public company. It is classified as state government owned and is currently operating.

When was Government of South Korea founded?

Government of South Korea was founded in 1948.

Where is Government of South Korea based?

Government of South Korea is headquartered in Sejong Special Self-Governing City, South Korea, in the Asia region.

How does Government of South Korea make money?

Two revenue lines are on record. Government Revenue (Taxation) is the primary driver. The others are policy Financing.

Who are Government of South Korea's main competitors?

Broad incumbents on record are Government of United Kingdom, Government of Canada and Government of Denmark. Direct peers are Government of Singapore, Government of Japan, Government of India, Government of Finland and Government of Estonia. Regional players are Government of Australia and Government of United Arab Emirates.

Does Government of South Korea have an API?

Yes. Government of South Korea offers Open APIs for public services through the 공공데이터포털 (data.go.kr) platform. The Open API service allows internet users and application developers to develop applications and services using standardized formats. Available APIs include: 민원서비스 사무 종류 (civil service request types and statistics), 민원서비스 민원발급 건수 (civil service issuance counts), 주요 민원발급 건수 (major civil service issuance counts), 보조금24 (subsidy services), and 공공서비스 정보(혜택) (public service information for government benefits). APIs are provided by the 행정안전부 (Ministry of the Interior and Safety) through the data portal. Developer documentation is at www.data.go.kr.

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Live signals
NateSeoul dismisses Ukraine's claim of 'S. Korean support for Russia' as "inaccurate and inappropriate" : 네이트 뉴스Seoul dismissed Ukraine's claim of South Korean support for Russia as inaccurate, citing consistent sanctions and export controls. Export controls expanded from 57 to 1,402 items, cutting exports to Russia by 60% to $4 billion. The government will verify facts and take measures if issues are confirmed.ReutersSouth Korea denies Ukrainian report that it eased Russia's fuel crisisSouth Korea's presidential office dismissed a Ukrainian report that Russia imported petroleum products from Korean ports, calling the accusation inappropriate. Ukraine's sanctions official said the shipments eased a fuel crisis from drone strikes on Russian refineries. Seoul said it is examining the facts and will take measures if export control issues are confirmed.DevdiscourseSouth Korea denies Ukrainian report that it eased Russia's fuel crisisSouth Korea's presidential office dismissed a Ukrainian report that Russia imported petroleum products from its ports, calling the accusation inappropriate. The office said it has consistently enforced sanctions and is examining the facts, taking necessary measures if issues are confirmed.KoreatimesN. Korea appears 'flustered' by S. Korea's DMZ blast findings, mine-clearing: defense ministerSouth Korean Defense Minister Kang Shin-chul said North Korea appeared flustered by Seoul's investigation results blaming Pyongyang for a Sept. 21 mine blast near the DMZ. The military cleared all mines in the area, and Seoul plans to formally declare North Korean border activities as armistice violations. It also seeks to expedite the transfer of wartime operational control to Seoul.AP NewsSouth Korea signals military exemption cuts for athletes after Asian Games backlashSouth Korea's sports minister said the government will review the military service exemption for Asian Games gold medalists after public backlash to comments by soccer players. The minister agreed the system should be comprehensively reviewed, citing fairness and public perceptions. Plans to cut or scrap the supplementary service for artists and athletes were confirmed.YahooSouth Korea to review military service exemption after Asian Games rowSouth Korea's government will review military service exemptions for athletes after controversy over footballers' celebrations. The system, in place over 50 years, grants exemptions to Asian Games gold medallists, with over 80% of benefits concentrated there. The minister said the system must be scaled back.DevdiscourseSouth Korea exports eased Russia fuel crisis caused by drone strikes, Ukraine saysRussia imported over 176,000 tons of petroleum products from South Korean ports in July and August, easing a fuel crisis caused by Ukrainian drone strikes on refineries. The shipments, 31% of Russian fuel imports in August, used tankers including some under Western sanctions. South Korea's Foreign Ministry said it supports ending the war and is enforcing export controls.NateKorea steps up review of CPTPP membership to reduce reliance on U.S., China : 네이트 뉴스South Korea has begun considering CPTPP membership to reduce reliance on the U.S. and China. The government has not decided but has prepared impact assessments, with trade with CPTPP members at $341 billion last year. Joining could boost manufacturing output by 6.3 trillion won over 15 years.Naver젤렌스키 "북한군 포로 2명, 한국 요청으로 송환"Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said he transferred two North Korean POWs to South Korea at the request of the South Korean government. He did not mention the recent dispute over disclosure or President Lee Jae-myung's public apology request. The two were sent in late August, and the South Korean government had agreed to keep the transfer secret.NDTV ProfitNorth Korea Launches Projectile Into Eastern Waters After Fresh South Korea RowNorth Korea fired at least one projectile into eastern waters on Saturday, South Korea's military said, adding to recent weapons tests amid heightened tensions. Japan issued an emergency alert, calling it a suspected ballistic missile, while Pyongyang has not commented. The launch follows a row over land mine blasts that injured three South Korean soldiers.