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Levy Economics Institute

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Namestring
Levy Economics Institute
Legal namestring
Levy Economics Institute of Bard College
Company typeenum
Private
Founded yearint
1986
Descriptiontext

The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization founded in 1986 through the support of Bard College trustee Leon Levy and headquartered at the Blithewood estate on the Bard College campus in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York. The institute's intellectual focus is heterodox macroeconomics, encompassing Modern Money Theory (MMT), Post-Keynesian economics, and Hyman Minsky's financial instability hypothesis, with applied research on monetary policy, employment policy and job guarantees, income and wealth distribution, gender equality, and measures of economic well-being. Its core "products" are six publication series (Working Papers, Policy Notes, Public Policy Briefs, Strategic Analyses, Research Project Reports, and One-Pagers), complemented by a blog, podcast series, the Minsky Archive hosted at Bard College Library, a graduate studies program in partnership with Bard College, and annual convenings including the Minsky Conference (32nd edition in 2025) and the Anniversary Conference (40th edition in 2026). All publications are distributed freely via the institute's website and associated channels.

The institute's primary audiences are policymakers and government officials (US and international), academics and researchers working in heterodox economic traditions, and the general public and media seeking nonpartisan economic analysis. It engages directly with multilateral institutions including the United Nations Human Rights Council, the International Labor Organization, and the European Parliament, and individual scholars have advised US presidential campaigns (Sanders 2016, Biden-Harris 2020). The institute is governed by its own Board of Governors and Board of Advisors and is legally incorporated as a New York nonprofit affiliated with but independent from Bard College.

The institute's revenue model is donations and institutional support: there is no commercial product, no paywall, and no pricing model. Operations are funded through contributions (including via Bard College's giving platform), likely grant funding, and Bard College's institutional backing. The operating model is consistent with a small-to-mid-sized US policy think tank: a single physical location, a focused niche in heterodox economics, and a distributed, global audience reached through digital channels and convenings rather than commercial distribution.

Short descriptiontext

The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization founded in 1986 that produces freely available heterodox economics research on monetary policy, employment, and inequality, serving policymakers, academics, and the public through publications, conferences, and partnerships with the UN, ILO, and European Parliament.

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
11–50
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersAnnandale-on-hudson, United States
HQ citystring
Annandale-on-hudson
HQ countrystring
United States
HQ regionstring
North America
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices1 record

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
economic policy research, heterodox economics research, monetary policy analysis, macroeconomic policy studies, public policy think tank
Industry4 codes
1Think Tanks, Policy Research & Public Policy Institutes
CodeBPAGAFAOPrimaryYes
2Economic & Macroeconomic Research
CodeBPAHALADPrimaryNo
3Education Policy Research Institutes & Think Tanks
CodeEDADADAAPrimaryNo
4Policy, Regulatory & Public Affairs Research
CodeBPAHALAFPrimaryNo
NAICS code1 code
  • Periodical Publishers51312
SIC code1 code
  • Periodicals: Publishing Or Publishing & Printing2721
Product category
Economic Policy Research
GTM motion2 records

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model1 record
1Donations and Institutional Support
TypeOthers
Description

The institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization founded through the generous support of Bard College trustee Leon Levy. It relies on donations, institutional support from Bard College, and likely grant funding to sustain operations. All publications are made freely available.

levyinstitute.org
Marketing channels8 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels4 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components3 values
Personnel, Operations, Others
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeServices
Services
Core offering1 text field

The Levy Economics Institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization that produces and disseminates heterodox economic research on monetary policy, financial instability, employment, inequality, and macroeconomic theory. Its core offerings are six publication series — Working Papers, Policy Notes, Public Policy Briefs, Strategic Analyses, Research Project Reports, and One-Pagers — organized around seven research programs and complemented by the annual Minsky Conference, blog, podcasts, and a graduate studies program with Bard College. All publications are made freely available on its website, with no commercial pricing.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 value
  • Institute scholars have influenced US policy debates on job guarantees, COVID-19 fiscal response, and Federal Reserve reform; contributed to UN roadmap for eradicating poverty; and shaped academic discourse on Modern Money Theory globally.
Product overview1 text field

Levy Economics Institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy think tank that operates as a research and publishing organization rather than a technology product company. The Institute's offerings consist of a portfolio of publications (Working Papers, Policy Notes, Public Policy Briefs, Strategic Analyses, Research Project Reports, and One-Pagers) that disseminate economic research and policy analysis. These publications are organized around seven research programs covering monetary policy and financial structure, employment and labor markets, income distribution and well-being measurement, gender equality, and economic policy for the 21st century. The Institute also provides commentary through its Blog and Podcasts, hosts events including the annual Minsky Conference, maintains the Minsky Archive, and offers a Graduate Studies program in partnership with Bard College. The Institute does not offer a software product, platform, or technology service.

Scale indicator2 records

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership7 partners
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

The institute was founded through the generous support of Bard College trustee Leon Levy and is administratively part of Bard College. It shares the Bard College campus at Annandale-on-Hudson. The institute's graduate studies program (Levy Economics Institute Graduate Program) is hosted at Bard College (bard.edu/levygrad/). The Minsky Archive is maintained at Bard College Library.

Strategic tierMajorTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

President Pavlina R. Tcherneva has collaborated with experts from the United Nations Human Rights Council on designing and evaluating employment programs. Tcherneva also contributed to a landmark UN Roadmap for Eradicating Poverty.

Strategic tierMajorTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

Tcherneva has collaborated with the International Labor Organization on designing and evaluating employment programs. The institute's job guarantee research has been influential in international policy discussions on employment.

Strategic tierMajorTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

Institute scholars have collaborated with members of the European Parliament on employment policy and macroeconomic policy alternatives, sharing research on job guarantees and fiscal policy.

Strategic tierMinorTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

A Seminar on Modern Monetary Theory and the Launch of New Macroeconomics was held in July 2025 at Renmin University, jointly hosted by Renmin University's School of Economics, Central Compilation and Translation Press, and the Ministry of Education's '101 Project'. Over 40 scholars from more than 10 universities and research institutions participated, co-organized with Beijing Institute of Technology.

Strategic tierMinorTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

Pavlina Tcherneva worked with the Sanders 2016 Presidential campaign after her research on inequality garnered national attention. In 2020, she was invited to serve on the Biden-Harris economic policy volunteer committee during their Presidential run.

7Bard-OSUN Economic Democracy Initiative
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development Partner
Description

The institute, through President Tcherneva, is the founding director of the Bard-OSUN Economic Democracy Initiative, a collaborative program focused on economic democracy research and education.

levyinstitute.org
Recent move6 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight5 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers10 records
TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Major nonprofit economic and social policy research organization producing reports on inequality, housing, and labor markets. Comparable to Levy in its economic research mission, publication model, and policy engagement, but with significantly larger scale and mainstream orientation.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Progressive economic think tank developing policy ideas on power, inequality, and macroeconomic reform. Comparable to Levy as a US-based economic policy research organization producing working papers and policy briefs aimed at changing mainstream economic debate.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Nonprofit research organization funding heterodox economic research and challenging mainstream paradigms. Comparable to Levy in advancing Post-Keynesian and MMT-influenced research, convening scholars, and producing working papers for policy and academic audiences.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Nonprofit think tank producing research on economic inequality, labor markets, and progressive policy. Directly comparable to Levy as a US-based heterodox/progressive economics research outlet with policy-brief and working-paper output and a similar audience of policymakers and journalists.

TypeEmerging player
Description

Nonpartisan tax and economic policy research organization producing reports and modeling. Comparable to Levy in its publication-driven think tank model and policy engagement, but with a more market-oriented and tax-specific focus.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Large, established DC-based policy think tank with a substantial economic studies program. Comparable to Levy as a peer in economic policy research, publishing working papers and policy briefs, but operates at much larger scale and broader (centrist) ideological scope.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Heterodox economics research center producing working papers on macroeconomic policy, inequality, and fiscal policy. Comparable to Levy in theoretical orientation (Post-Keynesian/MMT-adjacent), working-paper publishing model, and policy engagement mission.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

Premier US economics research organization producing working papers and convening researchers. Comparable to Levy as a working-paper-driven economic research outlet, but mainstream in orientation and much larger in scale and influence.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Left-leaning economic policy think tank producing reports on macroeconomic policy, employment, and inequality. Closely comparable to Levy in mission, heterodox orientation, publication-driven model, and direct engagement with US and international policymakers.

TypeDirect peer
Description

University-affiliated research institute producing heterodox economic research on inequality, labor, and finance. Highly comparable to Levy in methodology (Post-Keynesian/heterodox), publication format (working papers, policy briefs), and audience.

Market position
Strengths5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat4 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Segment4 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile4 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
No
API detail
Has APIbool
No

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles1 record

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

No data
No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Levy Economics Institute

Economic Policy Researchlevyinstitute.org

The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization founded in 1986 that produces freely available heterodox economics research on monetary policy, employment, and inequality, serving policymakers, academics, and the public through publications, conferences, and partnerships with the UN, ILO, and European Parliament.

What Levy Economics Institute does

The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization founded in 1986 through the support of Bard College trustee Leon Levy and headquartered at the Blithewood estate on the Bard College campus in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York. The institute's intellectual focus is heterodox macroeconomics, encompassing Modern Money Theory (MMT), Post-Keynesian economics, and Hyman Minsky's financial instability hypothesis, with applied research on monetary policy, employment policy and job guarantees, income and wealth distribution, gender equality, and measures of economic well-being. Its core "products" are six publication series (Working Papers, Policy Notes, Public Policy Briefs, Strategic Analyses, Research Project Reports, and One-Pagers), complemented by a blog, podcast series, the Minsky Archive hosted at Bard College Library, a graduate studies program in partnership with Bard College, and annual convenings including the Minsky Conference (32nd edition in 2025) and the Anniversary Conference (40th edition in 2026). All publications are distributed freely via the institute's website and associated channels.

The institute's primary audiences are policymakers and government officials (US and international), academics and researchers working in heterodox economic traditions, and the general public and media seeking nonpartisan economic analysis. It engages directly with multilateral institutions including the United Nations Human Rights Council, the International Labor Organization, and the European Parliament, and individual scholars have advised US presidential campaigns (Sanders 2016, Biden-Harris 2020). The institute is governed by its own Board of Governors and Board of Advisors and is legally incorporated as a New York nonprofit affiliated with but independent from Bard College.

The institute's revenue model is donations and institutional support: there is no commercial product, no paywall, and no pricing model. Operations are funded through contributions (including via Bard College's giving platform), likely grant funding, and Bard College's institutional backing. The operating model is consistent with a small-to-mid-sized US policy think tank: a single physical location, a focused niche in heterodox economics, and a distributed, global audience reached through digital channels and convenings rather than commercial distribution.

Levy Economics Institute firmographics

Firmographics
Name
Levy Economics Institute
Legal name
Levy Economics Institute of Bard College
Website
https://levyinstitute.org
Company type
Private
Founded year
1986
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
11–50 employees
Short description
The Levy Economics Institute of Bard College is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization founded in 1986 that produces freely available heterodox economics research on monetary policy, employment, and inequality, serving policymakers, academics, and the public through publications, conferences, and partnerships with the UN, ILO, and European Parliament.
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

Levy Economics Institute industry classification

Industry
Product category
Economic Policy Research
NAICS
Periodical Publishers (51312)
SIC
Periodicals: Publishing Or Publishing & Printing (2721)
akta.pro primary industry
Think Tanks, Policy Research & Public Policy Institutes (BPAGAFAO)
akta.pro secondary industries
Economic & Macroeconomic Research (BPAHALAD), Education Policy Research Institutes & Think Tanks (EDADADAA), Policy, Regulatory & Public Affairs Research (BPAHALAF)

Keywords

  • Economic policy research
  • Heterodox economics research
  • Monetary policy analysis
  • Macroeconomic policy studies
  • Public policy think tank

Where Levy Economics Institute is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
Annandale-on-hudson
HQ country
United States
HQ region
North America

Offices1 record

Markets served

Levy Economics Institute business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Services
Cost components
Personnel, Operations, Others

Revenue model

  1. Donations and Institutional Support: The institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization founded through the generous support of Bard College trustee Leon Levy. It relies on donations, institutional support from Bard College, and likely grant funding to sustain operations. All publications are made freely available.

Go-to-market motion2 records

Distribution channels4 records

Marketing channels8 records

Levy Economics Institute product offering

Product offering

Core offering

The Levy Economics Institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization that produces and disseminates heterodox economic research on monetary policy, financial instability, employment, inequality, and macroeconomic theory. Its core offerings are six publication series — Working Papers, Policy Notes, Public Policy Briefs, Strategic Analyses, Research Project Reports, and One-Pagers — organized around seven research programs and complemented by the annual Minsky Conference, blog, podcasts, and a graduate studies program with Bard College. All publications are made freely available on its website, with no commercial pricing.

Product overview

Levy Economics Institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy think tank that operates as a research and publishing organization rather than a technology product company. The Institute's offerings consist of a portfolio of publications (Working Papers, Policy Notes, Public Policy Briefs, Strategic Analyses, Research Project Reports, and One-Pagers) that disseminate economic research and policy analysis. These publications are organized around seven research programs covering monetary policy and financial structure, employment and labor markets, income distribution and well-being measurement, gender equality, and economic policy for the 21st century. The Institute also provides commentary through its Blog and Podcasts, hosts events including the annual Minsky Conference, maintains the Minsky Archive, and offers a Graduate Studies program in partnership with Bard College. The Institute does not offer a software product, platform, or technology service.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Quantifiable outcome

  • Institute scholars have influenced US policy debates on job guarantees, COVID-19 fiscal response, and Federal Reserve reform; contributed to UN roadmap for eradicating poverty; and shaped academic discourse on Modern Money Theory globally.

Companies that use Levy Economics Institute

Customer profile

Segments4 records

Ideal customer profiles4 records

Levy Economics Institute technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API
No
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Levy Economics Institute partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

Seven partnerships are on record, tiered core, major and minor.

  • Bard CollegecoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerThe institute was founded through the generous support of Bard College trustee Leon Levy and is administratively part of Bard College. It shares the Bard College campus at Annandale-on-Hudson. The institute's graduate studies program (Levy Economics Institute Graduate Program) is hosted at Bard College (bard.edu/levygrad/). The Minsky Archive is maintained at Bard College Library.
  • United Nations Human Rights CouncilmajorStrategic or Co-development PartnerPresident Pavlina R. Tcherneva has collaborated with experts from the United Nations Human Rights Council on designing and evaluating employment programs. Tcherneva also contributed to a landmark UN Roadmap for Eradicating Poverty.
  • International Labor Organization (ILO)majorStrategic or Co-development PartnerTcherneva has collaborated with the International Labor Organization on designing and evaluating employment programs. The institute's job guarantee research has been influential in international policy discussions on employment.
  • European ParliamentmajorStrategic or Co-development PartnerInstitute scholars have collaborated with members of the European Parliament on employment policy and macroeconomic policy alternatives, sharing research on job guarantees and fiscal policy.
  • Renmin University of ChinaminorStrategic or Co-development PartnerA Seminar on Modern Monetary Theory and the Launch of New Macroeconomics was held in July 2025 at Renmin University, jointly hosted by Renmin University's School of Economics, Central Compilation and Translation Press, and the Ministry of Education's '101 Project'. Over 40 scholars from more than 10 universities and research institutions participated, co-organized with Beijing Institute of Technology.
  • US Presidential CampaignsminorStrategic or Co-development PartnerPavlina Tcherneva worked with the Sanders 2016 Presidential campaign after her research on inequality garnered national attention. In 2020, she was invited to serve on the Biden-Harris economic policy volunteer committee during their Presidential run.
  • Bard-OSUN Economic Democracy InitiativecoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerThe institute, through President Tcherneva, is the founding director of the Bard-OSUN Economic Democracy Initiative, a collaborative program focused on economic democracy research and education.

Scale indicators2 records

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights5 records

Levy Economics Institute competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Broad incumbents

  • Urban Institute: Major nonprofit economic and social policy research organization producing reports on inequality, housing, and labor markets. Comparable to Levy in its economic research mission, publication model, and policy engagement, but with significantly larger scale and mainstream orientation.
  • Brookings Institution: Large, established DC-based policy think tank with a substantial economic studies program. Comparable to Levy as a peer in economic policy research, publishing working papers and policy briefs, but operates at much larger scale and broader (centrist) ideological scope.
  • National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER): Premier US economics research organization producing working papers and convening researchers. Comparable to Levy as a working-paper-driven economic research outlet, but mainstream in orientation and much larger in scale and influence.

Direct peers

  • Roosevelt Institute: Progressive economic think tank developing policy ideas on power, inequality, and macroeconomic reform. Comparable to Levy as a US-based economic policy research organization producing working papers and policy briefs aimed at changing mainstream economic debate.
  • Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET): Nonprofit research organization funding heterodox economic research and challenging mainstream paradigms. Comparable to Levy in advancing Post-Keynesian and MMT-influenced research, convening scholars, and producing working papers for policy and academic audiences.
  • Economic Policy Institute: Nonprofit think tank producing research on economic inequality, labor markets, and progressive policy. Directly comparable to Levy as a US-based heterodox/progressive economics research outlet with policy-brief and working-paper output and a similar audience of policymakers and journalists.
  • Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (The New School): Heterodox economics research center producing working papers on macroeconomic policy, inequality, and fiscal policy. Comparable to Levy in theoretical orientation (Post-Keynesian/MMT-adjacent), working-paper publishing model, and policy engagement mission.
  • Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR): Left-leaning economic policy think tank producing reports on macroeconomic policy, employment, and inequality. Closely comparable to Levy in mission, heterodox orientation, publication-driven model, and direct engagement with US and international policymakers.
  • Political Economy Research Institute (PERI) at UMass Amherst: University-affiliated research institute producing heterodox economic research on inequality, labor, and finance. Highly comparable to Levy in methodology (Post-Keynesian/heterodox), publication format (working papers, policy briefs), and audience.

Emerging players

  • Tax Foundation: Nonpartisan tax and economic policy research organization producing reports and modeling. Comparable to Levy in its publication-driven think tank model and policy engagement, but with a more market-oriented and tax-specific focus.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat4 records

Key risks5 records

Key highlights5 records

Customer concentration

Levy Economics Institute social profiles

Digital presence

Levy Economics Institute financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Levy Economics Institute leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles1 record

Levy Economics Institute funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Levy Economics Institute M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Levy Economics Institute

What does Levy Economics Institute do?

The Levy Economics Institute is a nonprofit, nonpartisan public policy research organization that produces and disseminates heterodox economic research on monetary policy, financial instability, employment, inequality, and macroeconomic theory. Its core offerings are six publication series — Working Papers, Policy Notes, Public Policy Briefs, Strategic Analyses, Research Project Reports, and One-Pagers — organized around seven research programs and complemented by the annual Minsky Conference, blog, podcasts, and a graduate studies program with Bard College. All publications are made freely available on its website, with no commercial pricing.

Is Levy Economics Institute a public or private company?

Levy Economics Institute is a private company. It is classified as nonprofit foundation owned and is currently operating.

When was Levy Economics Institute founded?

Levy Economics Institute was founded in 1986. It employs 11 to 50 people.

Where is Levy Economics Institute based?

Levy Economics Institute is headquartered in Annandale-on-hudson, United States, in the North America region.

How does Levy Economics Institute make money?

One revenue line is on record: donations and Institutional Support.

Who are Levy Economics Institute's main competitors?

Broad incumbents on record are Urban Institute, Brookings Institution and National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Direct peers are Roosevelt Institute, Institute for New Economic Thinking (INET), Economic Policy Institute, Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (The New School), Center for Economic and Policy Research (CEPR) and Political Economy Research Institute (PERI) at UMass Amherst. Tax Foundation is listed as an emerging player.

Does Levy Economics Institute have an API?

No public API is recorded for Levy Economics Institute.

What industry is Levy Economics Institute in?

Levy Economics Institute's product category is Economic Policy Research. Its primary akta.pro industry code is BPAGAFAO, Think Tanks, Policy Research & Public Policy Institutes, with a secondary code of BPAHALAD, Economic & Macroeconomic Research. Its NAICS code is 51312 and its SIC code is 2721.

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Live signals
LevyinstituteForeign Deficit and Economic Policy: The Case of Mexico – Levy Economics Institute of Bard CollegeAn article from the Levy Economics Institute of Bard College examines Mexico's economic policy under globalization, arguing that the country has become excessively dependent on volatile foreign capital inflows. It contends that policies addressing short-term liquidity needs have strengthened the peso, benefiting the financial sector while harming the productive and external sectors. The author warns that nearshoring alone cannot overcome this external vulnerability.LevyinstituteFiscal Policy in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development – Levy Economics Institute of Bard CollegeA Levy Economics Institute working paper examines fiscal policy in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico, arguing that fiscal tools are essential for employment and inequality reduction amid globalization's decline in domestic value-added. It notes Mexico cut poverty by 5 percent between 2014 and 2018, while Argentina saw no change and Brazil's poverty rose. The study links fiscal recovery to falling middle-class real wages and the UN's 2030 Agenda.Business InsiderElizabeth Warren just laid out all the financial reforms she wants to push throughElizabeth Warren spoke at the Levy Institute's Minsky Conference, outlining financial reforms including reinstating Glass-Steagall and strengthening the CFPB. She criticized Republicans for an anti-market agenda and called for stricter enforcement against big banks.