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Terra Firma

Full company profile

uuid003enir

Namestring
Terra Firma
Legal namestring
Terra Firma
Company typeenum
Private
Founded yearint
2012
Descriptiontext

Terra Firma is a South Africa-based commercial and industrial (C&I) clean energy company founded in 2012, headquartered in Johannesburg with a regional office in Cape Town. The company designs, finances, builds, owns and operates solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS) projects for large energy users in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a portfolio of 550+ completed projects, 350+ MW of installed solar PV, 30+ MWh of installed BESS and 65+ MW under long-term Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs). Projects are delivered under two primary commercial structures: Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) turnkey contracts where the client funds and owns the asset, and PPAs where Terra Firma finances, builds, owns and operates the system and sells electricity to the client at an agreed per-kWh rate. The company serves enterprise customers across telecoms (MTN), chemicals (NCP Chlorchem), retail property (multiple shopping mall REITs), automotive manufacturing (Maxion Wheels), financial services (Discovery), cold storage and logistics (Vector, Pre-Cool), food and beverage (Gayatri, Country Bird, Nestle), and agriculture (Umhlatuzi Valley Sugar, TPZ). Project experience extends beyond South Africa into Namibia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Ghana and Malawi.

The company's core technology integrates solar PV, battery storage, generators and grid supply into intelligent Energy Management Systems tailored to complex brownfield C&I environments, supported by the proprietary COPPER real-time electricity management platform that monitors performance, consumption and uptime across 5,000+ managed meters. Revenue is generated through a mix of one-time EPC contract recognition, multi-year recurring PPA revenue streams, and ongoing Operations & Maintenance (O&M) and smart metering services under long-duration contracts aligned to 20-25 year asset lives. Terra Firma is privately held and backed by two institutional shareholders: Reunert Limited, a JSE-listed industrial group established in 1888, and A.P. Møller Capital, the manager of the Africa Infrastructure Fund I. The company sells exclusively through direct enterprise field sales, with no reseller or distributor channels, and supports its commercial motion through thought-leadership content (blog, CEO op-eds in Engineering News and Business Report) and a consultative sales cycle targeting major businesses, property funds, mines, manufacturers, retailers and agricultural operations.

Short descriptiontext

Terra Firma is a South African clean energy company that designs, finances, builds and operates commercial and industrial solar PV and battery storage projects across Sub-Saharan Africa, serving enterprise customers in telecoms, manufacturing, retail property, mining, logistics, agriculture and chemicals through EPC, PPA and O&M models.

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
101–250
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersCape Town, South Africa
HQ citystring
Cape Town
HQ countrystring
South Africa
HQ regionstring
Africa
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices2 records

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
commercial solar energy, battery energy storage, power purchase agreements, solar EPC services, industrial energy solutions
Industry3 codes
1Solar EPC & Construction (Utility-Scale, Rooftop, Balance of System)
CodeEUAMABABPrimaryYes
2Operations, Maintenance & Asset Management (O&M, Vegetation, Spares, SCADA)
CodeEUACAGAHPrimaryNo
3Civil & Site Works EPC (Earthworks, Roads, Drainage, Foundations)
CodeEUAEADAAPrimaryNo
NAICS code2 codes
  • Solar Electric Power Generation221114
  • Environmental Consulting Services541620
SIC code1 code
  • Cogeneration Services & Small Power Producers4991
Product category
Commercial & Industrial Solar Energy Services
Social media profiles1 record
GTM motion2 records

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model4 records
1Solar EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction)
TypeOne Time License
Description

Turnkey EPC contracts where Terra Firma designs, procures and constructs solar PV systems for clients who fund and own the assets. Revenue is recognised upon project completion and commissioning. This model delivers the lowest long-term cost per kWh for clients with capital to invest.

terrafirma.africa
2Power Purchase Agreement (PPA)
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

Terra Firma designs, builds, owns and operates solar and battery systems under long-term PPA contracts. Clients pay for electricity generated at an agreed rate with no upfront capital investment. Terra Firma retains asset ownership and earns recurring revenue over the contract term. Battery storage PPA is also available as a standalone product.

terrafirma.africa
3Operations & Maintenance (O&M)
TypeManaged Services
Description

Ongoing O&M services for commissioned solar PV and BESS systems, including routine cleaning, inspections, preventative maintenance and performance monitoring through the COPPER platform. Revenue is recurring over the asset lifetime.

terrafirma.africa
4Smart Metering & Utilities Management
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

Advanced metering and utilities management services through the COPPER platform, providing real-time energy visibility and billing verification. Services support cost optimisation and tariff management for commercial and industrial customers.

terrafirma.africa
Marketing channels3 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels3 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components6 values
Personnel, Supply Chain, Operations, Technology or R&D, Infrastructure, Marketing or Sales
Pricing details4 tiers
1EPC (Turnkey Ownership) - Client funds and owns the solar/BESS system
ModelOne time/ perpetual licenseBilling cadenceMulti-year contract
Notes

Client provides capital (own cash or asset-based financing). No ongoing per-kWh charge; client owns all electricity generated. Eliminates funder margin, resulting in lowest long-term cost per kWh over 20-25 year asset life. Tax treatment involves standard depreciation allowances (post-Section 12BA).

terrafirma.africa
2PPA (Power Purchase Agreement) - Zero upfront cost, client pays for electricity generated
ModelSubscriptionBilling cadenceMulti-year contract
Notes

No capital outlay required. Terra Firma finances, designs, builds, owns and operates the system. Client pays for electricity at an agreed rate per kWh over the contract term. Performance risk sits with Terra Firma. IFRS 16 lease treatment may apply depending on contract structure.

terrafirma.africa
3Battery Storage PPA / Lease
ModelHybridBilling cadenceMulti-year contract
Notes

Standalone BESS PPA is available, in addition to BESS bundled with solar PPA. Supports backup power, peak demand management and energy arbitrage.

terrafirma.africa
4BESS Arbitrage Savings (illustrative)
ModelUsage-basedBilling cadencePay-as-you-go
Notes

Illustrative modelled savings: 10-30% reduction in electricity costs through arbitrage. Payback periods of 3-5 years; IRRs of 15-25%. These are modelled projections based on specific tariff regimes (e.g., Eskom Miniflex, Ekhurhuleni), not guaranteed figures.

terrafirma.africa
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeServices
Services
Brand1 of 2 records shown
1COPPER
Description

Proprietary smart electricity management platform providing real-time visibility of power usage and system uptime

terrafirma.africa
+1 more record
Core offering1 text field

Terra Firma engineers, finances, builds, owns and operates commercial and industrial solar PV and battery energy storage systems (1–50 MW typical project size) for large energy users in Sub-Saharan Africa. Projects are delivered through either EPC (client-funded, turnkey ownership) or PPA (zero-upfront, Terra Firma-owned with per-kWh subscription) structures, supported by long-term O&M services and the proprietary COPPER real-time energy management platform for metering, monitoring and optimization.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Quantifiable outcome1 of 8 values shown
  • 9,000+ tonnes CO2 avoided annually (MTN microgrid project)
+7 more records
Product overview1 text field

Terra Firma offers a portfolio of clean energy solutions for commercial and industrial businesses in Southern Africa. The core offering centers on Solar PV & Storage systems delivered through EPC and PPA models, complemented by Operations & Maintenance services, Smart Metering & Utilities Management via the proprietary COPPER platform, ESG & Sustainability Consulting, and Energy Wheeling Solutions. The COPPER platform serves as the central monitoring and management interface across their solar and battery installations, while their service offerings range from project development and financing (through PPAs) to long-term operational support and sustainability advisory services.

Product and service6 records
1Solar PV & Storage
CategoryClean Energy Infrastructure (Solar PV & BESS)
Description

Engineering, procurement, construction, financing and operation of commercial and industrial solar PV and battery energy storage systems (typically 1–50 MW, rooftop and ground-mounted), delivered as either EPC (client funds and owns the asset) or PPA (Terra Firma finances, builds, owns and operates; client pays per kWh). For large commercial and industrial businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa.

2Operations & Maintenance (O&M)
CategoryOperations & Maintenance Services
Description

Ongoing operations and maintenance services for commissioned solar PV and BESS systems, including routine cleaning, inspections, preventative maintenance and continuous performance monitoring via the COPPER platform. Recurring service for clients with solar and battery assets across their full operating life.

3Smart Metering & Utilities Management
CategorySmart Metering & Energy Management Services
Description

Advanced smart metering and utilities management services giving commercial and industrial customers real-time visibility and control over energy consumption to unlock operational efficiencies, billing verification, tariff management and cost savings. Deployed across 5,000+ meters via the COPPER platform.

4ESG & Sustainability Consulting Services
CategorySustainability & ESG Advisory Services
Description

Integrated sustainability and ESG advisory services including carbon measurement, sustainability reporting and disclosure, carbon credits trading, and Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) management. For commercial and industrial customers needing to meet decarbonisation and carbon reporting obligations.

5Energy Wheeling Solutions
CategoryEnergy Wheeling / Off-site Generation
Description

Off-site renewable energy generation solutions enabling businesses to generate energy at sites with strong solar resources and use that energy elsewhere on the grid through national and municipal networks. For commercial and industrial energy users that want renewable supply but lack suitable on-site generation capacity.

6Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
CategoryBattery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)
Description

Standalone battery energy storage solutions for backup power, peak demand management and energy arbitrage, available as a BESS-only deployment or bundled with solar PV. For commercial and industrial customers seeking energy resilience, peak shaving and arbitrage savings of 10–30% with 3–5 year payback periods.

Scale indicator9 records

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership1 partner
1Cicada Solar
Strategic tierMinorTypeImplementation/ SI/ Consulting Partner
Description

Cicada Solar is a developer for which Terra Firma acted as EPC contractor on the TPZ project in Zimbabwe (3.6 MWp solar PV and 3.8 MWh BESS). Cicada Solar developed and structured the project; Terra Firma handled engineering, procurement and construction.

terrafirma.africa
Recent move6 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight5 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Market position
Competitive moat5 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key highlights6 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Named customers22 records

Each record includes

Name, Industry, Type, Use case, Source, UUID

Segment5 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile5 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
No
API detail
Has APIbool
No

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Feature2 records

Each record includes

Title, Differentiator, Description, Source

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles6 records

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

No data
No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Terra Firma

Commercial & Industrial Solar Energy Servicesterrafirma.africa

Terra Firma is a South African clean energy company that designs, finances, builds and operates commercial and industrial solar PV and battery storage projects across Sub-Saharan Africa, serving enterprise customers in telecoms, manufacturing, retail property, mining, logistics, agriculture and chemicals through EPC, PPA and O&M models.

What Terra Firma does

Terra Firma is a South Africa-based commercial and industrial (C&I) clean energy company founded in 2012, headquartered in Johannesburg with a regional office in Cape Town. The company designs, finances, builds, owns and operates solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS) projects for large energy users in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a portfolio of 550+ completed projects, 350+ MW of installed solar PV, 30+ MWh of installed BESS and 65+ MW under long-term Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs). Projects are delivered under two primary commercial structures: Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) turnkey contracts where the client funds and owns the asset, and PPAs where Terra Firma finances, builds, owns and operates the system and sells electricity to the client at an agreed per-kWh rate. The company serves enterprise customers across telecoms (MTN), chemicals (NCP Chlorchem), retail property (multiple shopping mall REITs), automotive manufacturing (Maxion Wheels), financial services (Discovery), cold storage and logistics (Vector, Pre-Cool), food and beverage (Gayatri, Country Bird, Nestle), and agriculture (Umhlatuzi Valley Sugar, TPZ). Project experience extends beyond South Africa into Namibia, Zimbabwe, Botswana, Ghana and Malawi.

The company's core technology integrates solar PV, battery storage, generators and grid supply into intelligent Energy Management Systems tailored to complex brownfield C&I environments, supported by the proprietary COPPER real-time electricity management platform that monitors performance, consumption and uptime across 5,000+ managed meters. Revenue is generated through a mix of one-time EPC contract recognition, multi-year recurring PPA revenue streams, and ongoing Operations & Maintenance (O&M) and smart metering services under long-duration contracts aligned to 20-25 year asset lives. Terra Firma is privately held and backed by two institutional shareholders: Reunert Limited, a JSE-listed industrial group established in 1888, and A.P. Møller Capital, the manager of the Africa Infrastructure Fund I. The company sells exclusively through direct enterprise field sales, with no reseller or distributor channels, and supports its commercial motion through thought-leadership content (blog, CEO op-eds in Engineering News and Business Report) and a consultative sales cycle targeting major businesses, property funds, mines, manufacturers, retailers and agricultural operations.

Terra Firma firmographics

Firmographics
Name
Terra Firma
Legal name
Terra Firma
Website
https://terrafirma.africa
Company type
Private
Founded year
2012
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
101–250 employees
Short description
Terra Firma is a South African clean energy company that designs, finances, builds and operates commercial and industrial solar PV and battery storage projects across Sub-Saharan Africa, serving enterprise customers in telecoms, manufacturing, retail property, mining, logistics, agriculture and chemicals through EPC, PPA and O&M models.
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

Terra Firma industry classification

Industry
Product category
Commercial & Industrial Solar Energy Services
NAICS
Solar Electric Power Generation (221114), Environmental Consulting Services (541620)
SIC
Cogeneration Services & Small Power Producers (4991)
akta.pro primary industry
Solar EPC & Construction (Utility-Scale, Rooftop, Balance of System) (EUAMABAB)
akta.pro secondary industries
Operations, Maintenance & Asset Management (O&M, Vegetation, Spares, SCADA) (EUACAGAH), Civil & Site Works EPC (Earthworks, Roads, Drainage, Foundations) (EUAEADAA)

Keywords

  • Commercial solar energy
  • Battery energy storage
  • Power purchase agreements
  • Solar EPC services
  • Industrial energy solutions

Where Terra Firma is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
Cape Town
HQ country
South Africa
HQ region
Africa

Offices2 records

Markets served

Terra Firma business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Services
Cost components
Personnel, Supply Chain, Operations, Technology or R&D, Infrastructure, Marketing or Sales

Revenue model

  1. Solar EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction): Turnkey EPC contracts where Terra Firma designs, procures and constructs solar PV systems for clients who fund and own the assets. Revenue is recognised upon project completion and commissioning. This model delivers the lowest long-term cost per kWh for clients with capital to invest.
  2. Power Purchase Agreement (PPA): Terra Firma designs, builds, owns and operates solar and battery systems under long-term PPA contracts. Clients pay for electricity generated at an agreed rate with no upfront capital investment. Terra Firma retains asset ownership and earns recurring revenue over the contract term. Battery storage PPA is also available as a standalone product.
  3. Operations & Maintenance (O&M): Ongoing O&M services for commissioned solar PV and BESS systems, including routine cleaning, inspections, preventative maintenance and performance monitoring through the COPPER platform. Revenue is recurring over the asset lifetime.
  4. Smart Metering & Utilities Management: Advanced metering and utilities management services through the COPPER platform, providing real-time energy visibility and billing verification. Services support cost optimisation and tariff management for commercial and industrial customers.

Pricing tiers

ModelBillingPrice
One time/ perpetual licenseMulti-year contractEPC (Turnkey Ownership) - Client funds and owns the solar/BESS system
SubscriptionMulti-year contractPPA (Power Purchase Agreement) - Zero upfront cost, client pays for electricity generated
HybridMulti-year contractBattery Storage PPA / Lease
Usage-basedPay-as-you-goBESS Arbitrage Savings (illustrative)

Go-to-market motion2 records

Distribution channels3 records

Marketing channels3 records

Terra Firma product offering

Product offering

Core offering

Terra Firma engineers, finances, builds, owns and operates commercial and industrial solar PV and battery energy storage systems (1–50 MW typical project size) for large energy users in Sub-Saharan Africa. Projects are delivered through either EPC (client-funded, turnkey ownership) or PPA (zero-upfront, Terra Firma-owned with per-kWh subscription) structures, supported by long-term O&M services and the proprietary COPPER real-time energy management platform for metering, monitoring and optimization.

Product overview

Terra Firma offers a portfolio of clean energy solutions for commercial and industrial businesses in Southern Africa. The core offering centers on Solar PV & Storage systems delivered through EPC and PPA models, complemented by Operations & Maintenance services, Smart Metering & Utilities Management via the proprietary COPPER platform, ESG & Sustainability Consulting, and Energy Wheeling Solutions. The COPPER platform serves as the central monitoring and management interface across their solar and battery installations, while their service offerings range from project development and financing (through PPAs) to long-term operational support and sustainability advisory services.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Brands

  • COPPER: Proprietary smart electricity management platform providing real-time visibility of power usage and system uptime
  • Terra Firma Solutions

Products and services

  • Solar PV & Storage Engineering, procurement, construction, financing and operation of commercial and industrial solar PV and battery energy storage systems (typically 1–50 MW, rooftop and ground-mounted), delivered as either EPC (client funds and owns the asset) or PPA (Terra Firma finances, builds, owns and operates; client pays per kWh). For large commercial and industrial businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Operations & Maintenance (O&M) Ongoing operations and maintenance services for commissioned solar PV and BESS systems, including routine cleaning, inspections, preventative maintenance and continuous performance monitoring via the COPPER platform. Recurring service for clients with solar and battery assets across their full operating life.
  • Smart Metering & Utilities Management Advanced smart metering and utilities management services giving commercial and industrial customers real-time visibility and control over energy consumption to unlock operational efficiencies, billing verification, tariff management and cost savings. Deployed across 5,000+ meters via the COPPER platform.
  • ESG & Sustainability Consulting Services Integrated sustainability and ESG advisory services including carbon measurement, sustainability reporting and disclosure, carbon credits trading, and Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) management. For commercial and industrial customers needing to meet decarbonisation and carbon reporting obligations.
  • Energy Wheeling Solutions Off-site renewable energy generation solutions enabling businesses to generate energy at sites with strong solar resources and use that energy elsewhere on the grid through national and municipal networks. For commercial and industrial energy users that want renewable supply but lack suitable on-site generation capacity.
  • Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) Standalone battery energy storage solutions for backup power, peak demand management and energy arbitrage, available as a BESS-only deployment or bundled with solar PV. For commercial and industrial customers seeking energy resilience, peak shaving and arbitrage savings of 10–30% with 3–5 year payback periods.

Quantifiable outcome

  • 9,000+ tonnes CO2 avoided annually (MTN microgrid project)
  • +7 more outcomes

Companies that use Terra Firma

Customer profile

Named customers22 records

Segments5 records

Ideal customer profiles5 records

Terra Firma technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API
No
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature2 records

Terra Firma partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

One partnership is on record.

  • Cicada SolarminorImplementation/ SI/ Consulting PartnerCicada Solar is a developer for which Terra Firma acted as EPC contractor on the TPZ project in Zimbabwe (3.6 MWp solar PV and 3.8 MWh BESS). Cicada Solar developed and structured the project; Terra Firma handled engineering, procurement and construction.

Scale indicators9 records

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights5 records

Terra Firma competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Market position

Competitive moat5 records

Key highlights6 records

Customer concentration

Terra Firma social profiles

Digital presence

Terra Firma financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Terra Firma leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles6 records

Terra Firma funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Terra Firma M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Terra Firma

What does Terra Firma do?

Terra Firma engineers, finances, builds, owns and operates commercial and industrial solar PV and battery energy storage systems (1–50 MW typical project size) for large energy users in Sub-Saharan Africa. Projects are delivered through either EPC (client-funded, turnkey ownership) or PPA (zero-upfront, Terra Firma-owned with per-kWh subscription) structures, supported by long-term O&M services and the proprietary COPPER real-time energy management platform for metering, monitoring and optimization.

Is Terra Firma a public or private company?

Terra Firma is a private company. It is classified as private equity controlled and is currently operating.

When was Terra Firma founded?

Terra Firma was founded in 2012. It employs 101 to 250 people.

Where is Terra Firma based?

Terra Firma is headquartered in Cape Town, South Africa, in the Africa region.

How does Terra Firma make money?

Four revenue lines are on record. Solar EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) is the primary driver. The others are power Purchase Agreement (PPA), operations & Maintenance (O&M) and smart Metering & Utilities Management.

Does Terra Firma have an API?

No public API is recorded for Terra Firma.

What industry is Terra Firma in?

Terra Firma's product category is Commercial & Industrial Solar Energy Services. Its primary akta.pro industry code is EUAMABAB, Solar EPC & Construction (Utility-Scale, Rooftop, Balance of System), with a secondary code of EUACAGAH, Operations, Maintenance & Asset Management (O&M, Vegetation, Spares, SCADA). Its NAICS code is 221114 and its SIC code is 4991.

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Live signals
EIN PresswireTerra Firma Secures Western District Landholding for a $550M+ Regional DevelopmentTerra Firma Equity Limited has secured an 82.15-hectare freehold industrial landholding at 8525 Henty Highway, Hamilton, Victoria, to develop the Hamilton Food Park — a $550+ million integrated protein processing and export precinct. The facility is designed to process approximately 1,200 head of beef and up to 15,000 smallstock per day using the company's proprietary Linear Spine processing system, while creating more than 2,000 direct jobs and supporting broader regional employment. The development aligns with structural shifts in the Australian protein sector, including the transition away from live sheep exports by 2028, and positions Victoria as a leader in domestic processing and boxed meat exports.CleanTechnicaNCP Chlorchem & Terra Firma Roll Out One Of South Africa’s Largest Behind-The-Meter Industrial Solar InstallationsNCP Chlorchem and Terra Firma have launched a 27 MWp multi-phase behind-the-meter solar program at NCP's production site in South Africa, which will be one of the largest standalone industrial solar installations in the country upon completion by the end of 2026. The project has progressed through multiple phases, starting with a 1.1 MWp pilot in 2023, expanding to 10 MWp, and now adding 17.5 MWp under construction, with several phases already commissioned. The installation aims to address South Africa's high electricity costs, which rose 720% from 2008 to 2023, while reducing NCP's carbon emissions and providing long-term energy cost management for the water treatment chemical producer.