Ministry of Coal

What Ministry of Coal does

The Ministry of Coal is a department of the Government of India, headquartered at GPOA-3, Netaji Nagar, New Delhi, with statutory authority over the exploration, development, allocation, and policy-making for India's coal and lignite reserves. It exercises operational control through Public Sector Undertakings — principally Coal India Limited (CIL) and its eight subsidiaries (BCCL, CCL, ECL, WCL, SECL, NCL, MCL, CMPDI), Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Limited (NLCIL), and a 49% joint venture in Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL) — alongside the Coal Mines Provident Fund Organisation and Coal Controller's Organisation. Founded in its current form in 1973 following the Coal Mines (Nationalisation) Act, the Ministry oversees 400.715 billion tonnes of coal reserves and 47.37 billion tonnes of lignite resources, and managed all-India coal production of 1,047.523 MT in 2024-25.

Its core "products" are governance and market-infrastructure platforms: the National Coal Index (base year 2017-18) and National Lignite Index (base year 2021-22) for transparent pricing; the Single Window Clearance System and Coal Block Information Portal (integrated with PM Gati Shakti) for regulatory approvals; CMSMS for satellite-based mine surveillance; CIMS for import tracking; a Star Rating Portal for mine performance; and a Coal Exchange for digital price discovery. Underlying mining technology includes surface miners with water jet technology, Bulk Earth Moving Equipment, rapid mechanised loading systems, belt/pipe conveyors, and First Mile Connectivity (FMC) projects linking mines to Rail/MGR networks. The Ministry also tracks environmental compliance through CAAQMS and promotes circular-economy initiatives such as overburden-to-M-sand conversion.

The revenue model is indirect: the Ministry itself does not book revenue, but it administers two revenue streams that flow to the Government of India — royalty and taxes (Rs. 32,199.36 crore from 141 auctioned mines) and revenue share from commercial coal mining auctions (Rs. 14,031.82 crore, with rates ranging from 5.00% to 288.25% based on the National Coal Index). Coal block allocation uses a two-stage online competitive bidding process open to 100% FDI via the automatic route since June 2020. Downstream customers span the Power Sector (largest), Steel Sector (SAIL and others, dependent on imported coking coal), Cement Industry, Captive Power Plants, and Sponge Iron producers.

Name

Ministry of Coal

Legal name

Ministry of Coal, Government of India

Website

https://coal.nic.in

Company type

Public

Founded year

1973

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

11–50 employees

Short description

The Ministry of Coal is the Government of India department responsible for policy, exploration, development, and allocation of India's coal and lignite reserves. It operates through Coal India Limited and its eight subsidiaries, NLCIL, and SCCL, overseeing 1,047.523 MT of annual production across the power, steel, and cement sectors.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Government Coal Sector Regulation

NAICS

Coal Mining (2121), Surface Coal Mining (212114), Underground Coal Mining (212115), Support Activities for Coal Mining (213113)

SIC

Bituminous Coal & Lignite Mining (1220), Bituminous Coal & Lignite Surface Mining (1221)

akta.pro industry

PRIMARYIMAKAIAG

Coal Extraction Operations (Surface & Underground)

Industrials, Manufacturing & Construction/Metals & Mining/Coal Mining

SECONDARYIMAKAIAA

Thermal Coal Mining (Steam Coal)

Industrials, Manufacturing & Construction/Metals & Mining/Coal Mining

SECONDARYIMAKAIAM

Coal Mine Safety, Ventilation & Monitoring Services

Industrials, Manufacturing & Construction/Metals & Mining/Coal Mining

SECONDARYIMAKAIAK

Coal Marketing & Trading

Industrials, Manufacturing & Construction/Metals & Mining/Coal Mining

SECONDARYIMAKAIAE

Coal Exploration & Resource Development

Industrials, Manufacturing & Construction/Metals & Mining/Coal Mining

SECONDARYIMAKAIAD

Lignite Mining

Industrials, Manufacturing & Construction/Metals & Mining/Coal Mining

Keywords

• Coal sector regulation
• Coal block auctions
• National coal policy
• Commercial coal mining
• Coal resource governance

Headquarters

HQ city

New Delhi

HQ country

India

HQ region

Asia

Offices6 records

Markets served

GTM type

B2B

Offering type

Services

Cost components

Personnel, Operations, Technology or R&D, Infrastructure, Others

Revenue model

1. Revenue Share from Coal Block Auctions: Coal mines auctioned for commercial mining generate revenue through revenue sharing model based on National Coal Index. Revenue share received ranges from 5.00% to 288.25% from auctioned coal mines.
2. Royalty and Taxes from Coal Production: Total royalty and taxes generated from 141 auctioned coal mines amounts to Rs. 32,199.36 crore with additional revenue share of Rs. 14,031.82 crore

Pricing tiers

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels2 records

Marketing channels9 records

Core offering

The Ministry of Coal is the apex policy-making body of the Government of India responsible for determining policies and strategies related to exploration, development, and allocation of coal and lignite reserves. It exercises oversight through Public Sector Undertakings including Coal India Limited (CIL) with eight subsidiaries and NLC India Limited (NLCIL), manages transparent coal block auctions for commercial mining under the Coal Mines (Special Provisions) Act, 2015, and operates digital governance platforms for mine surveillance, block information, and pricing indices.

Product overview

The Ministry of Coal operates a comprehensive digital platform portfolio centered on India's coal and lignite sector governance. The ecosystem comprises multiple interconnected digital systems including the National Coal Portal for real-time monitoring, Coal Mine Surveillance and Management System (CMSMS) for satellite-based mine monitoring, Coal Block Information Portal (CBIP) integrated with PM Gati Shakti, Single Window Clearance System (SWCS) for regulatory approvals, Coal Import Monitoring System (CIMS) for trade tracking, Star Rating Portal for mine performance transparency, and the National Coal/Lignite Index platforms for market pricing. These digital products collectively support coal production oversight, block auction processes, import monitoring, environmental compliance, and sector-wide data analytics for India's coal sector.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

• National Coal Portal A centralized digital dashboard providing real-time data and analytics on coal production, supply, dispatch, and consumption across India, monitoring coal mine performance and tracking sector-wide statistics.
• Coal Mine Surveillance and Management System (CMSMS) A satellite-based monitoring system for surveillance and management of coal mines, enabling remote tracking of mining activities and compliance verification.
• Coal Block Information Portal (CBIP) Part of the PM Gati Shakti initiative, this portal provides comprehensive information on allocated and available coal blocks for transparent governance and planning.
• Single Window Clearance System (SWCS) An online portal for obtaining all necessary statutory clearances and approvals for coal mining projects through a unified government interface.
• Coal Import Monitoring System (CIMS) A digital system for monitoring and tracking coal imports into India, capturing import data for policy planning and trade analysis.
• Star Rating of Coal Mines Portal A transparency portal that rates coal mines based on performance parameters including production, safety, and environmental compliance.
• National Coal Index A price index with base year 2017-18 used for calculating revenue share in commercial coal mine auctions, providing transparent pricing benchmarks for the sector.
• National Lignite Index A price index with base year 2021-22 for lignite pricing, used in revenue share calculations for lignite mine allocations.
• Coal Gasification Monitoring System Digital infrastructure supporting the National Coal Gasification Mission, tracking coal-to-chemicals projects including ammonium nitrate production.
• Coal Exchange A digital trading platform for coal commodities enabling price discovery and market transparency for India's energy markets.

Quantifiable outcome

• Coal accounts for 55% of India's energy need
• +2 more outcomes

Named customers6 records

Segments6 records

Ideal customer profiles5 records

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API

No

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature4 records

Partnerships

Ten partnerships are on record, tiered core and minor.

• Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 January 1956SCCL is a joint undertaking of Government of Andhra Pradesh and Government of India. The equity capital is shared in the ratio of 51:49 between Government of Andhra Pradesh and the Central Government respectively. The headquarters is at Kothagudem in Andhra Pradesh. SCCL produces about 10% of India's coal production and 76% of its production is despatched to coal-based thermal power plants in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
• Government of JharkhandcoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU between Jharkhand Government and CIL for utilization of mine water by villages situated in the command area of CCL, BCCL and ECL coal mines.
• Government of West BengalcoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU between West Bengal Government and ECL for utilization of mine water by communities for irrigation purposes.
• MAHAGENCOcoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU between WCL and MAHAGENCO for providing excess mine water of quantum 107.6 Lakh Cum/year from Bhanegaon OCM to meet industrial water demand of Kaparkheda TPS.
• Pondicherry Tourism Development CorporationminorStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU signed on 05.10.2022 to promote eco-tourism at NLCIL Mine-I and Mine-II and showcase sustainable mining activities.
• Madhya Pradesh Tourism BoardminorStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU signed with NCL to boost Singrauli Eco-Tourism Circuit.
• Directorate of Tourism, MaharashtraminorStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU signed with WCL to promote Eco-tourism in mining areas.
• Chhattisgarh GovernmentcoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU between Chhattisgarh Government and SECL for supply of Mine Water to PHED, Water Resource Department and other govt agencies.
• NLC India Limited - Chennai Metro Water SupplycoreStrategic or Co-development PartnerWater from NLCIL mines is conveyed to Metropolitan department, Chennai through 200 Km pipeline for drinking purposes. Two pumping stations supply approximately 19611 KL/Day to Chennai.
• Vidarbha Irrigation Development CorporationminorStrategic or Co-development PartnerMoU between WCL and Vidarbha Irrigation Development Corporation for providing surplus mine water from mines of WCL.

Scale indicators16 records

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights5 records

Direct peers

• NLC India Limited (NLCIL): Ministry-owned PSU focused on lignite mining (47.37 billion tonnes resource) and integrated power generation; comparable in mandate of lignite extraction and power generation, and operates the 200-km Chennai mine-water pipeline.
• Singareni Collieries Company Limited (SCCL): Joint venture between Government of India (49%) and Government of Andhra Pradesh (51%); produced 69.01 MT in 2024-25 (about 10% of national output) and is the only non-CIL coal-producing PSU under the Ministry.
• Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, Government of India: Parallel upstream energy ministry regulating oil and gas reserves, allocation, and PSU performance (ONGC, IOCL, GAIL); directly comparable in economic-policy role and public-sector oversight.
• Ministry of Power, Government of India: Largest downstream consumer of coal (thermal power generation); comparable central ministry governing India's power sector and coal-fired generation economics.
• Ministry of Mines, Government of India: Sister central ministry overseeing non-coal mineral exploration and regulation in India; comparable in statutory authority, PSU structure, and auction/allocation mandate.

Regional players

• Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (South Africa): South Africa's national mining and energy regulator; comparable as a foreign government department with statutory authority over coal resource allocation, mining rights, and sector policy.

Broad incumbents

• Coal India Limited: The Ministry's wholly-owned holding company and largest operating subsidiary; produced 781.056 MT of coal in 2024-25 and is the dominant vehicle through which the Ministry's policy mandate is executed commercially.
• Ministry of Steel, Government of India: Sister central ministry whose PSUs (SAIL) are major coking coal consumers; comparable in policy oversight of an industrial sector that depends on coal as a critical input.
• Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India: Counterweight regulator for environmental clearances and forest approvals required for coal mining; comparable in regulatory authority and policy design, and a key counterpart in mine approval processes.

Emerging players

• Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, Government of India: Sister ministry driving India's renewable build-out (1,656 MW solar and 51 MW wind already installed by coal PSUs); shapes the substitution dynamics that will determine the long-term coal demand trajectory the Ministry oversees.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

• Xx.com/coalministry
• YouTubeyoutube.com/@coalministry3323
• Facebookfacebook.com/CoalMinistry
• LinkedInlinkedin.com/company/ministry-of-coal
• Instagraminstagram.com/ministryofcoal

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Profiles13 records

Subsidiaries13 records

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

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M&A

Investments

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Frequently asked questions about Ministry of Coal