Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

What Swachh Bharat Abhiyan does

Swachh Bharat Mission-Grameen (SBM-G), originally launched as Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in 2014, is a centrally sponsored Government of India mission under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation. Phase I focused on eliminating open defecation, constructing over 10 crore (100 million) individual household toilets and declaring more than 6 lakh villages Open Defecation Free (ODF) by 2019. Phase II, launched post-2019, extends the mandate to comprehensive solid and liquid waste management (ODF Plus / Sampoorn Swachhata) and is backed by Rs.1.40 lakh crore (~USD 16.5 billion) of integrated government investment. The mission serves rural citizens across all 28 states and 8 union territories, covering 5,86,944 villages, 753 districts, 7,133 blocks, and 2,58,231 gram panchayats, with implementation coordinated through State Water and Sanitation Missions (SWSMs) and District Water and Sanitation Missions (DWSMs), supported by a field cadre of Swachhagrahis.

The technical backbone consists of a portfolio of digital platforms designed and maintained by the National Informatics Centre (NIC): the SBM-G Dashboard for real-time village and ODF Plus tracking, the SBM 2.0 IMIS app for state and district-level data reporting, the IHHL application portal for subsidised household latrine applications, and the GOBARdhan portal for biogas and CBG plant monitoring. These platforms integrate via API with MNREGA (Ministry of Rural Development) and MOPR (Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas) data systems, producing modular reports (MR 03, MR 05, MR 36, MR 52, MR 62, MR 67, MR 74) for evidence-based program management. Add-on modules include the Retrofit to Twin Pit Campaign, Swachh Sujal Gaon reporting, the Swachhagrahi mobile application, the Capacity Building e-learning platform, an Awardee Portal, and a Citizen Grievance Redressal system integrated with eJal Shakti.

SBM-G operates as a publicly funded public good with no commercial revenue. Toilet construction under the Individual Household Latrine (IHHL) scheme is subsidised through Direct Benefit Transfer, and sanitation services are provided free to rural citizens. Funding flows entirely through Government of India budgetary allocations, with corporate participation limited to CSR-funded projects channelled through an empanelled list of NGOs. Reported outcomes include 3 lakh fewer diarrheal deaths (WHO, 2019 vs 2014), INR 50,000 average annual household health-cost savings in ODF villages, and 93% of women reporting enhanced safety at home.

Name

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

Legal name

Swachh Bharat Mission - Grameen, Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India

Website

https://sbm.gov.in

Company type

Private

Founded year

2014

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

11–50 employees

Short description

Swachh Bharat Mission-Grameen is a Government of India initiative launched in 2014 to deliver sanitation infrastructure and waste management across rural India's 5,86,944 villages, operating via a national digital monitoring platform and subsidised household latrine scheme.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Public Sanitation Services

NAICS

Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs (92411), Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs (924110), Administration of Environmental Quality Programs (9241), Waste Management and Remediation Services (562)

SIC

Sanitary Services (4950), Refuse Systems (4953)

akta.pro primary industry

Solid Waste & Recycling Services Administration (BPAIACAH)

akta.pro secondary industries

Water, Sanitation & Hygiene (WASH) (BPAGABAC), Environmental Public Health (Food Safety, Water Quality, Sanitation) (BPAIAJAE)

Keywords

• Rural sanitation
• Public health programs
• Solid waste management
• Toilet construction
• Open defecation free

Headquarters

HQ city

New Delhi

HQ country

India

HQ region

Asia

Offices2 records

Markets served

GTM type

B2C

Offering type

Services

Cost components

Infrastructure, Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Others

Revenue model

1. Government Budget Allocation & Public Funding: SBM is a centrally sponsored government mission funded by the Government of India. Phase II is supported by an investment of Rs.1.40 lakh crores (approximately USD 16.5 billion), integrating multiple governmental schemes for sanitation infrastructure. No commercial revenue is generated — it is a publicly funded public good program.

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels4 records

Marketing channels7 records

Core offering

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan is a nationwide Government of India public sanitation mission launched in 2014 to eliminate open defecation in rural areas through the construction of household toilets and community sanitary complexes, and to promote solid and liquid waste management. Phase II focuses on ODF-Plus sustainability, including biodegradable waste management, plastic waste reduction, and grey water treatment across rural India.

Product overview

Swachh Bharat Mission-Grameen (SBM-G) is a government sanitation initiative structured as a platform-plus-modules architecture. The core platform is the SBM-G Dashboard providing centralized monitoring, integrated with the IHHL Application Portal for citizen registration and the MIS Reports Module for administrative data. Add-on modules include GOBARdhan (waste management), Capacity Building Dashboard, Retrofit To Twin Pit Campaign, State Fact Sheets, Swachh Sujal Gaon reporting, Swachhagrahi mobile app, Awardee Portal, and Citizen Grievance Redressal System. The system tracks over 586,944 villages, 121.8 million household toilets constructed, and manages community assets including biogas plants, plastic waste units, and sanitary complexes.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Brands

• GOBARdhan: Galvanising Organic Bio-degradable Waste Resources for Adoption in National Development Harmony - initiative for waste management and biogas
• ODF Plus
• Swachhata Hi Sewa
• Swachhata Green Leaf Rating
• Swachh Sujal Gaon

Products and services

• Swachh Bharat Mission-Grameen (SBM-G) Phase II A nationwide rural sanitation and waste management program implemented by the Government of India through state governments and gram panchayats, providing financial assistance for household toilets and community infrastructure to individual rural households.
• Individual Household Latrine (IHHL) Construction Program Government-supported program providing financial incentives to Below Poverty Line (BPL) families and identified beneficiaries in rural areas to construct individual household toilets.
• Community Sanitary Complex (CSC) Construction of public toilet facilities in rural communities, particularly for migrating populations and groups such as women, transgender persons, and the elderly who lack access to household sanitation.
• GOBAR-DHAN Biogas Program Government program converting cattle dung and organic waste into biogas and compost, supporting rural waste management and clean fuel access for farmers and rural households.

Quantifiable outcome

• 300,000 fewer diarrheal deaths in 2019 compared to 2014, directly attributable to improved sanitation (WHO data)
• +6 more outcomes

Named customers1 record

Segments3 records

Ideal customer profiles1 record

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API

No

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature4 records

Partnerships

Six partnerships are on record, tiered core, major and supporting.

• Ministry of Jal Shakti, Department of Drinking Water and SanitationcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 January 2014The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation under the Ministry of Jal Shakti is the governing body for Swachh Bharat Mission Grameen. It sets policy, releases guidelines, integrates various government schemes (including MNREGA and MOPR), and oversees nationwide implementation through state governments.
• National Informatics Centre (NIC)coreImplementation/ SI/ Consulting PartnerNIC designs, develops, hosts, and maintains the official SBM-G website, MIS dashboard, SBM 2.0 IMIS, and all digital platforms under the mission. It provides the technological infrastructure backbone for the entire monitoring and reporting ecosystem.
• World Health Organization (WHO)majorStrategic or Co-development PartnerWHO conducted independent studies and reporting on the health impacts of SBM Phase I, reporting 300,000 fewer diarrheal deaths in 2019 compared to 2014, directly attributable to improved sanitation infrastructure under the mission.
• Empanelled NGOs for CSR ProjectssupportingImplementation/ SI/ Consulting PartnerA curated list of NGOs is empanelled for undertaking CSR sanitation projects under SBM-G. CSR guidelines for sanitation are published, and implementation progress in states is tracked. Companies can engage these NGOs to fulfill corporate social responsibility obligations through sanitation projects.
• Ministry of Rural Development (MNREGA) and Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas (MOPR)majorStrategic or Co-development PartnerSBM-G integrates with MNREGA and MOPR through API-based data sharing. MNREGA provides employment-linked sanitation infrastructure while MOPR supports the GOBARdhan biogas/CBG initiative. Data from these ministries is reported in the SBM 2.0 IMIS (MR-74 report).
• Common Service Centres (CSC)supportingChannel Partner/ Reseller/ DistributorCSCs serve as physical service points enabling rural citizens to access SBM-G applications, submit IHHL forms, and receive benefits. They bridge the digital divide for citizens without direct internet access.

Scale indicators15 records

Recent moves9 records

Expansion highlights5 records

Broad incumbents

• National Health Mission (NHM): Government of India's overarching public-health delivery program covering rural and urban populations. Comparable in scale and rural outreach model; relevant because SBM-G health outcomes (e.g., diarrheal mortality reduction) directly augment NHM's communicable disease objectives and the two share ASHA/Swachhagrahi-style frontline workers.
• National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM): Government of India program mobilizing rural poor women into self-help groups. Comparable in rural grassroots architecture and gram panchayat-level execution; relevant because SBM-G's plastic-waste and kitchen-garden initiatives intersect with DAY-NRLM's livelihood activities, making them operational peers at the village level.
• Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM): Government of India's flagship rural drinking-water program under the same Ministry of Jal Shakti. Highly comparable as a sister centrally-sponsored scheme operating across rural India with similar digital monitoring infrastructure and gram panchayat-level distribution model; the two are increasingly integrated through the Swachh Sujal Gaon initiative.

Direct peers

• Swachh Bharat Mission - Urban (SBMA): The urban counterpart of SBM-G operating under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs. Directly comparable in mission, brand, and objectives, but focused on urban sanitation, solid waste management, and AMRUT integration — making it the closest functional peer within the same government family.
• Total Sanitation Campaign / Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan: Predecessor rural sanitation programs under the same ministry that SBM-G was explicitly launched to replace and scale. Comparable as the immediate programmatic predecessor, providing historical continuity and a benchmark against which SBM-G's incremental impact is measured.

Others

• Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation - Water, Sanitation & Hygiene: Major philanthropic funder of WASH research and sanitation innovation in India and globally. Comparable as a strategic ecosystem participant that funds pilots and innovation in the same space; not a direct peer but a relevant adjacent player in the WASH ecosystem.
• World Bank Water Global Practice: Multilateral financing and advisory arm that funds WASH programs across developing countries. Comparable as the institutional financier that has historically supported India's rural sanitation programs and could be a future outcome-based financier for Phase II.
• WHO/UNICEF WASH Programme: UN-led global Water, Sanitation and Hygiene initiative that has independently validated SBM-G outcomes (WHO diarrheal mortality data). Comparable as the global normative framework SBM-G operates within, and as a funder/technical partner rather than a direct competitor.

Regional players

• Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas - GOBARdhan / SATAT: Government of India's program promoting CBG production from agricultural and organic waste, with which SBM-G's GOBARdhan portal is directly integrated. Comparable as the parent scheme for CBG commercialization, relevant because SBM-G biogas assets feed into SATAT's CBG off-take framework.

Emerging players

• WaterAid India: International NGO operating in India on rural WASH, sanitation, and behavior change. Comparable as an NGO delivery partner working alongside SBM-G at the village level; not a direct competitor since SBM-G is the government program WaterAid typically partners with on CSR and grassroots implementation.

Market position

Strengths4 records

Weaknesses4 records

Competitive moat4 records

Key risks5 records

Key highlights6 records

Customer concentration

• Xx.com/swachhbharat
• YouTubeyoutube.com/@SwachhBharatMissionGramin
• Facebookfacebook.com/SBMGramin
• Instagraminstagram.com/swachhbharatgrameen/?hl=en
• LinkedInlinkedin.com/company/swachh-bharat-abhiyan

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

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M&A

Investments

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