Robinhood

What Robinhood does

Robinhood Markets, Inc. (NASDAQ: HOOD) is a U.S.-headquartered financial services platform founded in 2013 that began as a commission-free stock brokerage and has expanded into a multi-asset retail financial services company. As of May 2026 it serves approximately 27.7 million funded customers holding $377 billion in customer assets, with primary operations across the United States and additional subsidiaries in the United Kingdom (Robinhood UK), the European Union (Robinhood Europe UAB, Lithuania), Canada (Bitbuy/Coinsquare via WonderFi), and pending entry into Indonesia. The core offering remains commission-free trading in U.S. equities, ETFs, options, futures, and 65+ cryptocurrencies, accessed primarily through iOS/Android mobile apps.

The platform's product surface spans trading, banking, credit, wealth management, prediction markets, and emerging AI-agent infrastructure. Robinhood Gold is a $5/month subscription offering 3.35% APY on cash, 3% IRA match, lower margin rates, and access to Robinhood Cortex AI. Robinhood Strategies provides SEC-registered managed portfolios at 0.25% annual fee; Robinhood Banking offers 3.50% savings APY with FDIC coverage up to $2.5M via Coastal Community Bank. Credit products include Robinhood Gold Card (3% unlimited cash back) and Robinhood Platinum Card ($695 annual fee, 5% dining). Robinhood Chain is a permissionless Layer 2 blockchain built on Arbitrum with 100ms block times, positioned for tokenized real-world assets. The Agentic Trading platform exposes a Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that allows third-party AI agents to execute trades on behalf of users in dedicated accounts; the Agentic Credit Card extends this to AI-agent spending. Prediction markets are operated through Rothera, a joint venture with Susquehanna International Group that recorded 12.3 billion event contracts in Q2 2026. Underlying infrastructure includes the SERA security platform for remote approvals and crypto holdings protected by cold storage and Lloyd's-syndicate crime insurance.

Revenue is generated primarily through transaction-based streams: payment for order flow on equities and options, cryptocurrency transaction fees, and prediction market contract fees. Q1 2026 transaction-based revenue was $623 million, supplemented by $50 million in subscription revenue (Gold), net interest income on customer cash balances and margin lending, and management fees from Robinhood Ventures Fund I (NYSE: RVI), a closed-end fund providing retail exposure to private companies including OpenAI, Stripe, SpaceX, Databricks, and Canva. Full-year 2025 revenue was a record $4.5 billion; Q1 2026 revenue was $1.07 billion with a 50% adjusted EBITDA margin and trailing-twelve-month free cash flow of $2.97 billion. Go-to-market is direct-to-consumer and product-led, with viral acquisition through a free-stock referral program, event-driven demand spikes around IPO Access (850,000+ SpaceX requests), and content channels including Robinhood Learn and Sherwood News. Pricing is anchored on zero commissions for core trading, with subscription and interchange revenue layered on as engagement deepens.

Name

Robinhood

Legal name

Robinhood Markets, Inc.

Website

https://robinhood.com

Company type

Public

Founded year

2013

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

1,001–5,000 employees

Short description

Robinhood Markets operates a commission-free mobile brokerage and financial services platform serving approximately 27.7 million funded retail customers with $377 billion in customer assets. The platform spans stock, options, and crypto trading, prediction markets, banking, credit cards, and AI-powered agentic trading.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Retail Brokerage & Multi-Asset Financial Platform

NAICS

Investment Banking and Securities Intermediation (523150), Portfolio Management and Investment Advice (523940), Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities (523), Credit Card Issuing (52221), Other Financial Vehicles (525990)

SIC

Security & Commodity Brokers, Dealers, Exchanges & Services (6200), Security Brokers, Dealers & Flotation Companies (6211), Investment Advice (6282), Personal Credit Institutions (6141)

akta.pro primary industry

Prime Brokerage (Multi-Asset Crypto) (FSADAJAA)

akta.pro secondary industries

Prime Brokerage & Institutional Trading Services (FSAPADAF), Prime Brokerage Financing (Margin/Stock Loan) (FSACAIAD), Wealth Lending & Margin / Securities-Backed Lines (Retail) (FSAAAAAN)

Keywords

• Retail brokerage
• Commission-free trading
• Cryptocurrency exchange
• Prediction markets
• Wealth management

Headquarters

HQ city

Menlo Park

HQ country

United States

HQ region

North America

Offices4 records

Markets served

GTM type

B2C

Offering type

Services

Cost components

Personnel, Technology or R&D, Operations, Infrastructure, Marketing or Sales, Others

Revenue model

1. Transaction-Based Revenue: Primary revenue from payment for order flow (PFOF) on equities/options trades, crypto transaction fees, and prediction market contract fees. Q1 2026 transaction revenue was $623 million.
2. Subscription Revenue (Robinhood Gold): $5/month subscription offering 3.35% APY on cash, 3% IRA match, larger instant deposits, lower margin rates, and access to premium features. Q1 2026 subscription revenue was $50 million with 36% YoY growth.
3. Net Interest Income: Interest earned on customer cash balances, margin lending, and securities lending. Gold Cardholders generate interchange revenue. Q1 2026 adjusted EBITDA was $534 million with 50% margin.
4. Prediction Market Fees: Revenue from event contract trading on Rothera platform. Projected to reach $586 million in 2026 (286% growth), potentially overtaking crypto revenue in Q2 2026.
5. Ventures Fund Management: Robinhood Ventures Fund I (RVI) is a closed-end fund providing retail access to private company investments. Management fees and carry on private company exposure.

Pricing tiers

Go-to-market motion3 records

Distribution channels10 records

Marketing channels8 records

Core offering

Robinhood is a US-headquartered, publicly traded financial services company that operates a mobile-first, commission-free brokerage and crypto trading platform for retail investors. It monetizes primarily via payment for order flow (PFOF) on equities and options, crypto transaction spreads, net interest income on customer cash and margin balances, prediction-market contract fees, and a $5/month Robinhood Gold subscription. Beyond core brokerage, it offers managed portfolios (Robinhood Strategies), retirement IRAs with contribution matching, FDIC-swept banking, Gold and Platinum Visa credit cards, event-contract trading through the Rothera prediction-market exchange, AI-driven agentic trading and an agentic credit card, and private-market exposure through the Robinhood Ventures Fund I (RVI).

Product overview

Robinhood is a comprehensive financial services platform offering commission-free trading across multiple asset classes. The core platform provides stock, ETF, options, and cryptocurrency trading through its mobile app and web interface. Key premium offerings include Robinhood Gold ($5/month subscription) providing 3.35% APY, lower margin rates, and AI-powered insights through Robinhood Cortex. The platform extends into wealth management through Robinhood Strategies (managed portfolios) and Robinhood Concierge ($1M+ clients). Robinhood has expanded into emerging categories including Agentic Trading (AI agent-controlled accounts via MCP), Agentic Credit Card (AI agent spending), Prediction Markets (event contracts via Rothera exchange), and Robinhood Chain (Layer 2 blockchain for tokenized assets). Additional services include IPO Access, Retirement accounts with IRA matching, Banking with 3.50% APY, multiple credit cards (Gold 3% cash back, Platinum 5% dining), Robinhood Social, Custodial accounts, Robinhood Wallet, Connect on-ramp, Ventures private investing, and Futures/Options trading.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Brands

• Robinhood Gold: Premium subscription service offering 3.35% APY on cash, 3% IRA match, larger instant deposits, and access to premium tools
• Robinhood Crypto
• Robinhood Strategies
• Robinhood Legend
• Robinhood Banking
• Robinhood Ventures Fund I (RVI)
• Robinhood Gold Card
• Robinhood Platinum Card
• Robinhood Concierge
• Robinhood Social
• Robinhood Chain
• Robinhood Wallet
• Robinhood Connect
• Rothera
• Robinhood Custodial

Products and services

• Robinhood App Commission-free mobile and web brokerage platform for trading US stocks, ETFs, options, crypto, and futures with no account minimums, available 24/5 for supported products. For retail investors.
• Robinhood Crypto Crypto trading platform allowing retail customers to buy, sell, transfer, and stake 65+ cryptocurrencies (BTC, ETH, XRP, SOL, DOGE, SHIB, ADA, AVAX, LINK, PEPE, AAVE, BONK, WIF, etc.) 24/7 with the lowest cost to trade in the US verified by third-party research.
• Robinhood Gold $5/month premium subscription offering 3.35% APY on eligible brokerage cash, 3% IRA contribution match, 3x larger instant deposits, margin rates 3.95-5%, Robinhood Cortex AI assistant, and access to Robinhood Strategies with zero management fees above $100K.
• Robinhood Strategies Expert-managed portfolio service (0.25% annual management fee) providing proactive investment management with tax-loss harvesting; minimum $50 investment; Gold members pay no fees on assets above $100K. All-equity portfolio returned 17.2% over the trailing year, beating the S&P 500 by 0.9%.
• Robinhood Legend Advanced desktop trading platform with real-time charts, custom layouts, technical indicators, drawing tools, and sub-second data updates designed for active traders.
• IPO Access Platform enabling retail investors to buy shares at IPO price with no commission fees and no account minimums through random allocation; one of five brokerages selected for the SpaceX IPO offering (850,000+ requests).
• Prediction Markets (Rothera) Event-contract trading platform offering yes/no contracts on sports, elections, crypto, economics, politics, climate, and entertainment; 12.3 billion contracts traded in Q2 2026.
• Agentic Trading AI-agent trading platform allowing users to connect third-party AI agents (Claude, Cursor, Codex, Open Claw) to dedicated Robinhood Agentic Accounts via MCP server for portfolio construction, automated rebalancing, and trade execution with user-defined budgets and controls.
• Agentic Credit Card Virtual credit card built for AI agents with 3% cash back, configurable spending limits, and MCP integration enabling agents (Claude, Cursor, Codex, Open Claw) to make purchases while users retain approval and controls.
• Robinhood Retirement Roth and Traditional IRA accounts with up to 3% contribution match for Gold members (1% without), supporting 401(k) rollovers and transfers from other IRAs; requires 5-year holding to avoid Early IRA Match Removal Fee.
• Robinhood Banking Banking platform offering 3.50% savings APY, FDIC insurance up to $2.5M through partner banks (Coastal Community Bank), estate planning, professional tax advice, international transfers to 100+ currencies, and 24/7 support; $3 billion in deposits from 200,000+ customers as of June 2026.
• Robinhood Gold Card Credit card offering unlimited 3% cash back on all categories with no annual fee, exclusively for Robinhood Gold members; issued by Coastal Community Bank under Visa license; 800,000 subscribers generating $15 billion annualized purchase volume.
• Robinhood Platinum Card Premium credit card with 99.9% platinum plating, 5% cash back on dining, 10% on hotels/cars, 5% on flights booked through Robinhood Banking, $695 annual fee, $500 hotel credit, $300 travel credit, $250 DoorDash discount, Function Health lab tests, Global Entry/TSA PreCheck credit, and $250 autonomous ride credit.
• Robinhood Concierge Wealth-management service for customers with $1M+ across Robinhood accounts, providing a dedicated relationship manager, priority 24/7 support, unlimited fee-free wires, and exclusive partner benefits.
• Robinhood Custodial UTMA custodial accounts for minors allowing adults to invest on behalf of children with support for stocks, ETFs, recurring investments, dividend reinvestment, and Robinhood Strategies for children with attendant tax benefits.
• Robinhood Social Social investing platform allowing users to follow traders, see real trades in real-time, discuss strategies, and execute trades across stocks, options, futures, crypto, and prediction markets.
• Robinhood Chain Permissionless Layer 2 blockchain built on Arbitrum for tokenized real-world assets and financial services, with 100ms block times and Ethereum-grade security, designed for AI-agent execution.
• Robinhood Wallet Self-custody cryptocurrency wallet allowing users to hold their own crypto with staking capabilities.
• Robinhood Connect Low-cost crypto fiat on-ramp allowing dApps to integrate seamless crypto buying via debit card, bank transfer, or Robinhood account with zero transfer fees for Robinhood customers.
• Robinhood Ventures Fund I (RVI) Closed-end fund (NYSE: RVI) providing retail investors access to private companies including OpenAI, Stripe, SpaceX, Databricks, and Canva through management fees and carry on private company exposure.
• Robinhood Futures Futures trading platform offering E-mini S&P 500, Nasdaq, Dow, Russell 2000, energy, currency, metals, and crypto futures at $0.50 per contract (stock index, energy, currency, metals) with extended trading hours.
• Robinhood Options Options trading platform with advanced charts, strategy builder, side-by-side chain, commission-free stock/ETF options, and index options at $0.35 per contract.

Quantifiable outcome

• Customer assets grew from $102B (2021 IPO) to $307B (Q1 2026)
• +7 more outcomes

Named customers7 records

Segments5 records

Ideal customer profiles6 records

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API

Yes

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Integration8 records

AI capability7 records

Feature6 records

Partnerships

Twelve partnerships are on record, tiered core and minor.

• Susquehanna International GroupcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 25 November 2025Joint venture partner in Rothera prediction market platform. Susquehanna is key liquidity partner for MIAXdx acquisition. Robinhood acquiring 90% of MIAX Derivatives Exchange in partnership with Susquehanna. Transaction expected Q1 2026 subject to regulatory approval.
• Miami International HoldingscoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 25 November 2025Robinhood acquiring 90% of MIAX Derivatives Exchange (MIAXdx) from Miami International Holdings in partnership with Susquehanna. MIAX retaining 10% stake. Deal expected to close Q1 2026.
• BitstampcoreTechnology or Integration · 3 June 2025Completed $200 million cash acquisition of Bitstamp cryptocurrency exchange. Grants Robinhood over 50 global cryptocurrency licenses and institutional market access across Europe, UK, and Asia. Bitstamp operations continue under Robinhood.
• WonderFicoreTechnology or Integration · 12 May 2025C$250 million all-cash acquisition of WonderFi completed June 1, 2026. WonderFi owns Bitbuy and Coinsquare exchanges with C$2.1B in assets under custody and ~300,000 funded customers. Delisted from TSX June 2, 2026.
• Coastal Community BankcoreChannel Partner/ Reseller/ DistributorIssues Robinhood Gold Card and provides FDIC insurance up to $2.5M for Robinhood Banking accounts through deposit sweep program.
• Sutton BankcoreChannel Partner/ Reseller/ DistributorIssues Robinhood Cash Card prepaid card pursuant to Mastercard license. Provides FDIC coverage through deposit sweep.
• Visa U.S.A. Inc.coreChannel Partner/ Reseller/ DistributorLicenses Gold Card and Platinum Card brands. Robinhood Credit Card Inc. issues cards under Visa license.
• MastercardcoreChannel Partner/ Reseller/ DistributorLicenses Robinhood Cash Card through Sutton Bank partnership.
• Sage Home LoansminorChannel Partner/ Reseller/ DistributorExclusive mortgage partner for Robinhood Banking. Offers $500 closing credit and rates up to 0.75% below national average for Gold members. Concierge clients get expedited pre-approvals.
• Function HealthminorChannel Partner/ Reseller/ DistributorPlatinum Card benefit partner providing 160+ advanced lab tests and $365 annual membership value for health monitoring.
• Bank of LithuaniacoreOthersRegulatory body overseeing Robinhood Europe (RHEU) for crypto-asset services and payment institution services.
• Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)coreOthersUK regulator for Robinhood UK and Bitstamp UK Ltd crypto services under Money Laundering Regulations.

Scale indicators36 records

Recent moves9 records

Expansion highlights8 records

Direct peers

• eToro: Commission-free multi-asset platform (stocks, ETFs, crypto) with social trading features, similar in target audience and product breadth to Robinhood. Strong international footprint in Europe and UK.
• Coinbase: Largest US crypto exchange that has expanded into equities and futures trading. Direct competitor on crypto (Robinhood Crypto vs Coinbase) and increasingly on prediction markets and stock trading.
• TradeStation: Active-trader focused broker offering equities, options, futures, and crypto with advanced charting. Directly comparable to Robinhood Legend's desktop platform and active-trader positioning.
• Interactive Brokers: Retail and institutional brokerage offering multi-asset trading (stocks, options, futures, crypto) via a sophisticated platform. Closest direct competitor on professional-grade retail trading and global market access.
• SoFi Technologies: All-in-one financial super-app combining brokerage, banking, lending, and credit cards. Competes with Robinhood's expanding banking, card, and investment products targeting younger consumers.
• Public.com: Commission-free retail investing platform with social investing features (Public Social) and fractional shares. Targets the same retail-investor cohort with overlapping product set and similar mobile-first experience.
• Webull: Mobile-first commission-free broker targeting active retail traders with advanced charting and extended-hours trading. Closest direct competitor on mobile UX, options, and active-trader positioning.

Emerging players

• Alpaca: API-first brokerage enabling developers to build trading apps and AI agents. Most direct competitor in the agentic-trading space where Robinhood's MCP-based Agentic Trading is launching.
• M1 Finance: Automated investing platform with managed portfolios, fractional shares, and banking. Comparable to Robinhood Strategies and Robinhood Banking for self-directed wealth-building users.

Broad incumbents

• Charles Schwab: Largest US retail brokerage with full wealth management, banking, and advisory services. Competes with Robinhood for retail investors and high-net-worth clients (Robinhood Concierge vs Schwab Private Client).

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat8 records

Key risks7 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

• Xx.com/robinhoodapp
• YouTubeyoutube.com/c/robinhood
• Facebookfacebook.com/robinhoodapp
• LinkedInlinkedin.com/company/robinhood
• Instagraminstagram.com/robinhoodapp
• TikToktiktok.com/@robinhoodapp

Compliance9 records

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Profiles3 records

Subsidiaries18 records

Funding overview

Funding rounds26 records

Investors76 records

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A14 records

Investments15 records

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Robinhood