PSA International

What PSA International does

PSA International Pte Ltd is a Singapore-headquartered global port operator and integrated supply chain solutions provider, wholly-owned by Temasek Holdings. Founded in 1964 as the Port of Singapore Authority and corporatized in 1997, PSA now operates over 70 deepsea, rail, and inland terminals across more than 180 locations in 45 countries, handling a record 105 million TEUs in 2025. Its flagship Singapore operations process approximately 20% of the world's transhipped containers, and it is the only terminal operator to have surpassed 100 million TEUs in a single year (2024).

PSA's core offering combines container terminal operations (per-TEU handling fees), integrated supply chain solutions through PSA BDP (lead logistics, 4PL, multimodal transport, customs clearance, warehousing), marine services through PSA Marine (pilotage, towage, and offshore windfarm crew transfer via 80+ tugs), and trade facilitation technology through wholly-owned CrimsonLogic. The company runs proprietary platforms — CITOS terminal operating system and PORTNET® port community platform — alongside the PSAT 4.0 technology framework, automated guided vehicles, electric RTGs, and the Opt-E-Arrive just-in-time vessel arrival platform. Major capital projects include the Tuas Mega Port (65 million TEU planned capacity, phased to the 2040s), the ILSTC China-ASEAN corridor, and the Dammam-Riyadh Ecosystem in Saudi Arabia, all unified under a Node-to-Network strategy.

Revenue model is anchored by long-term concession agreements with sovereign port authorities (e.g., four 20-year MAWANI concessions) and per-TEU transaction fees on container throughput, supplemented by managed services revenue from PSA BDP, transaction fees from PSA Marine, and licensing/royalties from CrimsonLogic's government and trade technology deployed across 40+ countries. PSA generated $8.26 billion in revenue and $1.42 billion in operating profit in FY2025, supported by 58,000 staff globally and a portfolio of subsidiaries (PSA BDP, PSA Marine, CrimsonLogic, PSA Ventures) that extend the company well beyond traditional stevedoring into port-centric logistics, trade technology, and venture investment in port automation.

Name

PSA International

Legal name

PSA International Pte. Ltd.

Website

https://globalpsa.com

Company type

Private

Founded year

1964

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

5,001–10,000 employees

Short description

PSA International is a Singapore-headquartered global port operator and supply chain solutions provider, wholly-owned by Temasek Holdings. It operates 70+ terminals in 45 countries, handling 105 million TEUs in 2025, with subsidiaries spanning container terminals, integrated logistics (PSA BDP), marine services, and trade technology.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Container Terminal Operations and Port Logistics Services

NAICS

Port and Harbor Operations (488310), Marine Cargo Handling (48832)

SIC

Water Transportation (4400)

akta.pro primary industry

Deep-Sea Container Terminals (Mainline / Transshipment Hubs) (TLAHAAAA)

akta.pro secondary industries

Container Terminal Operating Services & Management (Terminal Operator / Concessionaire) (TLAHAAAI), Feeder & Short-Sea Container Terminals (TLAHAAAC), Intermodal Drayage Coordination & Port/Rail Ramp Transfers (TLACAEAH)

Keywords

• Container terminal operations
• Port logistics services
• Supply chain solutions
• Marine services
• Trade facilitation technology

Headquarters

HQ city

Singapore

HQ country

Singapore

HQ region

Asia

Offices13 records

Markets served

GTM type

B2B

Offering type

Services

Cost components

Infrastructure, Personnel, Operations, Technology or R&D, Supply Chain

Revenue model

1. Container Terminal Operations: Core revenue from container handling, stevedoring, and terminal services at deepsea, rail, and inland terminals across 45 countries. Revenue based on per-TEU handling charges and ancillary services.
2. Marine Services: PSA Marine provides pilotage, towage, and offshore windfarm crew transfer services through over 80 tugs across multiple countries.
3. Supply Chain Solutions (PSA BDP): Integrated logistics and supply chain management services including lead logistics (LLP), fourth-party logistics (4PL), ocean/air/rail/road transportation, customs clearance, and warehouse management.
4. Digital/Technology Services: Revenue from CrimsonLogic's trade facilitation platforms, port community systems, and government e-services deployed globally.
5. Tuas Mega Port Development: Long-term infrastructure investment with planned annual capacity of 65 million TEUs, generating revenue from new terminal operations as phases complete through the 2040s.

Pricing tiers

Go-to-market motion3 records

Distribution channels7 records

Marketing channels7 records

Core offering

PSA International operates global container terminals, supply chain solutions, and marine services. The company loads, unloads, stores, and transfers containers at deepsea, rail, and inland terminals under concession agreements with port authorities, while its PSA BDP subsidiary provides lead logistics, freight forwarding, customs clearance, and multimodal transport to multinational cargo owners, and PSA Marine offers pilotage, towage, and offshore wind crew transfer services. Technology platforms CITOS and PORTNET underpin terminal operations and digital port community connectivity.

Product overview

PSA International is a leading global port operator operating over 70 deepsea, rail, and inland terminals across more than 180 locations in 45 countries, handling a record 105 million TEUs in 2025. The company's portfolio includes two flagship operations (Singapore and Antwerp), supplemented by subsidiary brands: PSA BDP (supply chain and logistics solutions), PSA Marine (tugboat and marine services), PSA Ventures (venture capital), and CrimsonLogic (trade facilitation technology). Core technology offerings include CITOS terminal operating system and PORTNET port community platform. The company operates major ecosystem projects including the Tuas Port (world's largest automated container terminal at completion), ILSTC Ecosystem connecting China-ASEAN trade routes, and Dammam-Riyadh Ecosystem in Saudi Arabia, all unified under the Node-to-Network strategy that integrates port operations with multimodal logistics capabilities.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

• PSA Singapore Terminal Operations

Quantifiable outcome

• Record 105 million TEUs handled in 2025, up 5% year-on-year
• +4 more outcomes

Named customers6 records

Segments3 records

Ideal customer profiles3 records

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API

No

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Feature7 records

Partnerships

37 partnerships are on record, tiered minor, core and strategic.

• DP WorldminorOthers · 25 June 2026DP World is identified as a key competitor and major player in the global Marine Port Services market alongside PSA International, APM Terminals, and shipping companies. Not an active partnership.
• APM TerminalsminorOthers · 25 June 2026APM Terminals is identified as a key competitor and market player in global port operations alongside PSA. Not an active partnership.
• Container Corporation of India Limited (CONCOR)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 22 May 2026PSA Mumbai and CONCOR signed MOU to collaborate strategically on rail-based cargo movement, leveraging infrastructure and operational strengths to enhance connectivity between PSA Mumbai and CONCOR's network of 68+ Inland Container Depots and domestic terminals.
• Beibu Gulf International Port Group (BGIPG)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 18 May 2026PSA holds stake in BGIPG and participates in Pinglu Canal development, preparing for increased cargo volumes through New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor connecting China's western region to ASEAN.
• Pacific International Lines (PIL)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 23 April 2026PSA International and PIL launched Singapore's first joint land-sea green shipping service supported by DNV, combining PSA's port ecosystem with PIL's shipping network for sustainable supply chain solutions.
• DNVcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 23 April 2026DNV provides third-party verification and support for the joint PSA-PIL green shipping service, bringing sustainability certification and assurance capabilities.
• Mitsui O.S.K. Lines (MOL)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 29 January 2026PSA Singapore and MOL formed strategic joint venture to establish a Ro-Ro (roll-on/roll-off) terminal in Singapore, combining port operations expertise with shipping line capabilities.
• Abu Dhabi CustomsstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 28 January 2026Abu Dhabi Customs partnered with CrimsonLogic to develop AI-enabled integrated customs operations system, advancing digital transformation of border management.
• Hapag-LloydminorStrategic or Co-development Partner · 26 November 2025Hapag-Lloyd is among companies considering acquisition interest in Maher Terminals at Port of New York-New Jersey alongside PSA, MSC, and DP World.
• MSC Mediterranean Shipping CompanyminorStrategic or Co-development Partner · 26 November 2025MSC is among companies considering acquisition interest in Maher Terminals at Port of New York-New Jersey alongside PSA, Hapag-Lloyd, and DP World.
• A*STAR IHPCstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 13 October 2025PSA BDP and A*STAR IHPC partnered to advance maritime resilience with AI innovation, combining research capabilities with operational expertise.
• O2 PowerstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 6 October 2025O2 Power partnered with PSA Mumbai for commissioning of 7.8 MW solar farm making it India's first 100% renewable energy powered container terminal.
• Cargo Community NetworkcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 27 September 2025PSA Singapore and Cargo Community Network launched OPTEMODAL to boost sea-air connectivity through one-stop digital platform for multimodal transport.
• CrimsonLogic Canada OperationsstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 24 September 2025CrimsonLogic launched Canada Low-Value Shipment Clearance solution for e-commerce imports, partnering with Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) for automated customs clearance.
• COSCOcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 15 September 2025PSA Singapore and COSCO expanded collaboration beyond port operations with regional distribution facilities in Singapore, extending partnership from basic terminal services to comprehensive logistics solutions.
• India (Government of)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 8 September 2025India and Singapore agreed on comprehensive strategic partnership roadmap during PM Lawrence Wong's visit, including development of Green and Digital Shipping Corridors and inauguration of Phase II of Bharat Mumbai Container Terminal developed by PSA International.
• Saudi Ports Authority (MAWANI)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 23 June 2025Saudi Global Ports awarded four 20-year concession agreements for multipurpose terminals along Saudi Arabia's Eastern Coast from MAWANI.
• Hainan Harbor & Shipping International PortstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 17 June 2025PSA Singapore and Hainan Harbor & Shipping International Port collaborate to enhance port connectivity and supply chain solutions between Singapore and Hainan.
• Transport CanadastrategicOthers · 17 June 2025Transport Canada supported Halifax Port Authority's Inter-Terminal Rail Solution Project through National Trade Corridors Fund, enabling PSA Halifax's rail capacity expansion.
• Global Centre for Maritime Decarbonisation (GCMD)strategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 5 June 2025PSA International joined GCMD as a Strategic Partner to advance maritime decarbonisation initiatives and contribute to industry-wide emissions reduction efforts.
• LINEAScoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 4 June 2025PSA Antwerp and LINEAS launched new direct rail connection between Zeebrugge and Antwerp, strengthening sustainable hinterland connectivity.
• NIDLPstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 17 February 2025PSA Ventures and NIDLP forged strategic collaboration to drive innovation in port automation and sustainable supply chains.
• BDO SingaporestrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 13 February 2025CrimsonLogic and BDO Singapore signed strategic partnership to develop specialized Generative AI advisory platform for trade and logistics sector.
• National University of Singapore (NUS)strategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 25 November 2024PSA and NUS launched Supply Chain Living Lab to facilitate efficient and sustainable supply chain growth through research collaboration.
• COMBINANTstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 21 November 2024PSA Antwerp and COMBINANT signed agreement to enhance connectivity between PSA's deepsea terminals and COMBINANT rail terminal, improving intermodal services.
• NEWAGEstrategicTechnology or Integration · 20 November 2024CrimsonLogic and NEWAGE partnered to revolutionize freight management and customs compliance across North America.
• NEWAGEstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 20 November 2024Partnership to revolutionize freight management and customs compliance across North America.
• Middle Corridor ConsortiumstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 14 November 2024Landmark statement of collaboration signed at COP29 for Middle Corridor's green transformation, positioning PSA in sustainable logistics corridor development.
• AmperesandcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 21 October 2024PSA unboXed collaborated with Amperesand on solid-state transformer technology trials for sustainable electrification at Singapore's port, supporting green port initiatives.
• PSA Supply Chain Hub @ Tuas PartnersstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 18 October 2024Groundbreaking for new Supply Chain Hub at Tuas pioneering integrated logistics ecosystem, partnering with industry for co-development of cargo solutions.
• ZEPA (Zero Emisson Port Alliance)strategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 30 September 2024PSA Antwerp became ZEPA's newest member in drive for cleaner ports, committing to zero emission operations.
• ZONIQstrategicTechnology or Integration · 28 August 2024CrimsonLogic and ZONIQ partnered to leverage Mendix low-code platform for accelerated digital transformation of government and port services.
• NTU Singapore and Chiyoda CorporationstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 25 June 2024Joint dehydrogenation demonstration project for green heavy vehicles at PSA Singapore, combining NTU research, PSA operations, and Chiyoda technology.
• Amahoro CoalitionstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 20 June 2024Amahoro Coalition and PSA BDP launched mentorship program for women leaders with lived experience of displacement.
• HCA Hospice, St Luke's ElderCare, National University Health System, Stroke Support Station (S3), Lions BefriendersminorOthers · 10 June 2024Partners supporting PSA's Health@Home flagship CSR programme launched in 2015, providing home-based healthcare and active aging support through staff volunteerism.
• MastercardstrategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 10 January 2024CrimsonLogic signed MOU with Mastercard to further GovTech innovation, exploring digital payment and trade facilitation solutions.
• duisport (Germany)strategicStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 January 2021PSA signed agreement with German multimodal logistics company duisport in 2021 to jointly invest in multimodal logistics facilities in Asia, enhancing connectivity and trade flows between Europe and Asia.

Scale indicators11 records

Recent moves8 records

Expansion highlights7 records

Direct peers

• DP World: DP World is one of the world's largest terminal operators with operations across multiple continents and a directly overlapping global port portfolio. It is explicitly identified alongside PSA as a key competitor in the global Marine Port Services market.
• APM Terminals: APM Terminals is the port-operating arm of Maersk and operates a comparable global portfolio of container terminals. It is identified alongside PSA as one of the leading global terminal operators competing for concessions and shipper volume.
• Hutchison Ports: Hutchison Ports operates one of the world's largest networks of container terminals and competes directly with PSA in container handling at major gateway and transshipment hubs across Asia, Europe and the Americas.
• China Merchants Port: China Merchants Port is a major Chinese state-backed terminal operator with a substantial global container terminal portfolio. It is a direct competitor in Chinese ports and increasingly in Belt-and-Road concession opportunities that overlap with PSA's growth strategy.
• COSCO Shipping Ports: COSCO Shipping Ports operates a global network of container terminals and is a JV partner of PSA at Singapore. It competes directly for concession opportunities and is a key counterparty in joint ventures across major gateway ports.
• International Container Terminal Services Inc. (ICTSI): ICTSI is a Philippines-headquartered global container terminal operator with a comparable diversified concession portfolio spanning Asia, Africa, the Americas and Europe. It competes with PSA for greenfield concessions and operates similar terminal-handling business models.

Regional players

• HHLA (Hamburger Hafen und Logistik): HHLA operates major container terminals in Hamburg and other European locations, directly overlapping with PSA's European footprint including Antwerp. It is a regional competitor focused primarily on European gateway ports.
• Eurogate: Eurogate is a leading European container terminal operator with terminals in Germany, Portugal and Russia. It competes with PSA Antwerp and other European terminals for shipper and shipping-line volume on intra-European and deep-sea trades.

Emerging players

• Yilport Holding: Yilport is a fast-growing Turkish-headquartered container terminal operator with an expanding global footprint. It is an emerging competitor for greenfield concessions and competes with PSA in selected regional ports.

Broad incumbents

• Maersk (A.P. Moller-Maersk integrated logistics): Maersk is the world's largest container shipping line and offers integrated end-to-end supply chain logistics overlapping with PSA BDP's 4PL/LLP offering. Through APM Terminals it is also a direct port-operating competitor, making it a broad incumbent across both shipping and terminal operations.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat6 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

• Facebookfacebook.com/globalPSA
• LinkedInlinkedin.com/company/globalpsa

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Profiles19 records

Subsidiaries13 records

Funding overview

Funding rounds2 records

Investors1 record

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A2 records

Investments2 records

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Frequently asked questions about PSA International