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European Games Developer Federation

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uuid000jvgl

Namestring
European Games Developer Federation
Legal namestring
European Games Developer Federation e.f. (EGDF)
Websiteurl
egdf.eu
Company typeenum
Private
Founded yearint
2007
Descriptiontext

The European Games Developer Federation e.f. (EGDF) is a Swedish-registered trade federation (Ekonomisk Förening) headquartered in Stockholm that unites 27 national game developer trade associations across 24 European countries. Through its member associations, EGDF represents more than 2,500 game developer studios — predominantly SMEs — that collectively employ 40,000-45,000 people across Europe. The federation does not develop or sell technology products; rather, it operates as an advocacy and coordination body, aggregating industry data, publishing EU game law analysis, facilitating access to EU funding, and engaging directly with the European Commission on policy matters ranging from tax relief to game preservation.

EGDF's core functions are EU policy advocacy, industry data aggregation and publication, member networking, and event coordination. Its activities include producing pan-European industry reports, issuing policy position statements (on issues such as the Stop Killing Games initiative and US AI export controls), promoting and discounting industry conferences (including Pocket Gamer Connects, TIGA events, and the Playing for the Planet Green Games Summit), and participating in cross-sector initiatives such as the Playing for the Planet Alliance and member-level partnerships with organizations like UNICEF Serbia.

The federation is funded through membership fees paid by its 27 national trade association members and is governed by those associations. It operates with a lean staff led by Managing Director Jari-Pekka Kaleva, and has no parent company, outside equity ownership, or commercial revenue streams. Its GTM is community-led: national associations join EGDF to gain European-level representation, EU policy access, and cross-border networking — a model that has driven steady member additions in 2025 across both established and emerging European game development hubs.

Short descriptiontext

EGDF is a Stockholm-based Swedish trade federation uniting 27 national game developer trade associations across 24 European countries, representing 2,500+ studios and 40,000-45,000 people through EU policy advocacy, industry data, and funding access.

Operating statusenum
Operating
Ownership categoryenum
Headcount rangeband
1–10
akta.pro rankint
HeadquartersHelsinki, Finland
HQ citystring
Helsinki
HQ countrystring
Finland
HQ regionstring
Europe
Markets served

Serves global market

Offices1 record

Each record includes

City, Country, Type, Description, Source

Keyword5 values
trade federation services, EU policy advocacy, game industry representation, industry data research, EU funding facilitation
SIC code1 code
  • Services-Engineering, Accounting, Research, Management8700
Product category
Trade Federation and Industry Advocacy Services
Social media profiles2 records
GTM motion1 record

Each record includes

Type, Description, Source

Revenue model1 record
1Membership fees
TypeSubscription Recurring
Description

EGDF operates as a federation (Ekonomisk Förening) representing national trade associations. Revenue appears to come from membership fees paid by the national trade associations that constitute the federation.

egdf.eu
Marketing channels5 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Stage, Description, Source

Distribution channels1 record

Each record includes

Title, Type, Scope, Target buyer, Description, Source

Cost components4 values
Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Others
GTM typeB2B
B2B
Offering typeServices
Services
Core offering1 text field

EGDF is a federation of national trade associations representing European game developer studios. It delivers EU policy advocacy and representation, aggregates and publishes pan-European game industry data, facilitates access to EU funding information, and coordinates networking and events for its members. The federation represents more than 2,500 game developer studios across 24 European countries and engages directly with EU institutions on game law, funding, and digital sovereignty matters.

Differentiator
Functional benefit
Problem solved
Product overview1 text field

EGDF is a European trade federation (Ekonomisk Förening) that unites national trade associations representing game developer studios across Europe. Rather than offering commercial software products, EGDF provides advocacy, industry representation, policy guidance, data aggregation, and coordination services for the European games industry. Their core offerings include industry data reports and studies, EU funding access facilitation, policy advocacy at European level, industry events coordination, and sustainability initiatives. Through their membership network spanning 27 national associations across 24 European countries, they represent over 2,500 game developer studios employing more than 45,000 people.

Product and service5 records
1EU Policy Advocacy and Representation Service
CategoryPolicy Advocacy and Representation
Description

Membership service providing European-level representation of national game developer trade associations before EU institutions, including policy positions, statements, and formal engagement on game law, funding, digital sovereignty, and end-of-life of games practices.

2Industry Data and Studies Aggregation Service
CategoryIndustry Research and Data
Description

Membership service aggregating and publishing pan-European game industry data, statistical reports, and market research sourced from member associations across 24 European countries.

3EU Funding Access Facilitation Service
CategoryEU Funding Facilitation
Description

Membership service providing access to EU funding information, EU project opportunities, and coordination among member associations involved in EU-funded projects.

4Industry Events and Networking Coordination Service
CategoryEvents and Networking
Description

Membership service providing event coordination and member discounts on industry conferences and events, including Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit, Games Education Conference, and Start-Up, Scale-Up and Grow.

5Playing for the Planet Alliance Participation
CategorySustainability Initiatives
Description

Coordination of industry sustainability initiatives through the Playing for the Planet Alliance, including the Green Games Summit and Awards, aimed at supporting game industry environmental commitments.

Scale indicator6 records

Each record includes

Type, Value, Description, Source

Partnership10 partners
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2025-11-25
Description

GBM joined EGDF to strengthen the federation's representation of Bavarian game developers. The membership enhances EGDF's ability to defend European game developers and share best practices within the network.

2IMIRT (The Irish Game Makers Association)
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2025-11-13
Description

IMIRT joined EGDF as a member association. Ireland is described as one of the key emerging game development hubs in the EU. IMIRT brings Irish game developers into the EGDF network to share best practices, solve industry challenges, and unite for collective representation.

egdf.eu
Strategic tierMinorTypeGTM or Marketing PartnerAnnounced on2025-11-06
Description

BFI partnered with EGDF for the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event in London, UK.

4MGI (Macedonian Games Industry Association)
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2025-10-16
Description

MGI joined EGDF as the 25th member of the federation. EGDF has been expanding its activities especially in East and Southeast Europe, and the Macedonian association strengthens this regional coverage.

egdf.eu
Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2021-06-02
Description

SGA (an EGDF member) and UNICEF in Serbia signed a cooperation agreement aimed at empowering children and young people using games and gaming platforms to use them in a responsible and safe way and benefit from digitalisation and games.

Strategic tierCoreTypeStrategic or Co-development PartnerAnnounced on2019-01-01
Description

The Playing for the Planet Alliance was launched in 2019 during the Climate Summit at UN Headquarters in New York. EGDF participates in this alliance where members make commitments ranging from integrating green activations in games, reducing emissions, and supporting the global environmental agenda.

Strategic tierMinorTypeGTM or Marketing Partner
Description

Partner in the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.

Strategic tierMinorTypeGTM or Marketing Partner
Description

Partner in the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.

Strategic tierMinorTypeGTM or Marketing Partner
Description

Supported the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.

Strategic tierMinorTypeGTM or Marketing Partner
Description

Supported the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.

Recent move6 records

Each record includes

Date, Type, Title, Description, Source

Expansion highlight5 records

Each record includes

Type, Description

Peers10 records
TypeBroad incumbent
Description

US trade association for the video game industry. Compares as a broader industry incumbent with parallel advocacy, data, and policy functions, but operates in US rather than European regulatory and policy context.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Global not-for-profit membership organisation advocating for game developers worldwide. Direct peer in mission and operating model (developer-led advocacy, networking, professional development), but operates at a global rather than European scope.

TypeDirect peer
Description

Pan-European trade body representing the interactive software (games) industry in Europe. Most direct peer: comparable scope, Brussels-based EU policy advocacy, and shared focus on European games regulation, though it historically skews toward publishers rather than developers.

TypeDirect peer
Description

UK trade association representing game developers and publishers; EGDF member and co-host of multiple EGDF-promoted conferences. Direct peer at the national level with similar mission of game developer advocacy and education.

TypeRegional player
Description

Swedish trade association for the games industry and host of EGDF's registered headquarters (c/o DATASPELSBRANSCHEN). Comparable national-level trade association function and a member of EGDF, making it a structural counterpart at the national rather than EU level.

TypeRegional player
Description

Regional Nordic industry body for game developers, with overlapping Nordic members and policy/data remit. Regional peer that complements EGDF's pan-European voice at a sub-European level.

TypeDirect peer
Description

French national trade association for video game developers and publishers, and an EGDF member. Direct peer at the national level with similar developer-representation and policy-engagement mandate.

8Video Games Europe
TypeDirect peer
Description

European games industry trade association that engages with EU institutions on policy, market data, and consumer attitudes. Direct peer with overlapping EU advocacy mandate and shared member base, including on joint events like the Green Games Summit.

TypeBroad incumbent
Description

European age-rating system for video games operated by a consortium of European game industry bodies. Adjacent to EGDF's remit: it operates European-wide game-policy infrastructure rather than developer advocacy, but shares European mandate and policy access.

TypeDirect peer
Description

UK trade body for the interactive entertainment industry. Comparable function (industry representation, data, policy), and a direct collaborator on EGDF-supported events such as the Green Games Summit.

Market position
Strengths5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Weaknesses5 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Competitive moat4 records

Each record includes

Type, Details

Key risks6 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Key highlights7 records

Each record includes

Headline, Details, Source

Customer concentration

Classification, Details

Segment2 records

Each record includes

Title, Type, Primary, Description, Pain point addressed, Use case, Source

Ideal customer profile2 records

Each record includes

Profile, Firmographic size, Sales motion, Sales cycle length, Buying structure, Purchase trigger, Buyer persona, Geography, Industry vertical, Primary use case, Description, Pain points, Evidence proof points, Target buyer

Technology focused
No
API detail
Has APIbool
No

Docs URL, Description

AI maturity
App detail

Has app

Core technology
Revenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Number of profiles
Profiles1 record

Each record includes

Name, Designation, Designation category, Overview, Profile commentary, Source

No data
No data
Funding overview

Funding stage, Last funding date, Total funding USD

Funding rounds

Each record includes

Round, Amount USD, Date, Pre money valuation, Total investors, Investors, News

Investors

Each record includes

Name, Type, Date of entry, Rounds participated, Website

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Each record includes

Name, Acquisition type, Announced date, Completed date, Status, Website, News

Investment

Each record includes

Name, Round, Announced date, Lead investor, Website, News

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

European Games Developer Federation

Trade Federation and Industry Advocacy Servicesegdf.eu

EGDF is a Stockholm-based Swedish trade federation uniting 27 national game developer trade associations across 24 European countries, representing 2,500+ studios and 40,000-45,000 people through EU policy advocacy, industry data, and funding access.

What European Games Developer Federation does

The European Games Developer Federation e.f. (EGDF) is a Swedish-registered trade federation (Ekonomisk Förening) headquartered in Stockholm that unites 27 national game developer trade associations across 24 European countries. Through its member associations, EGDF represents more than 2,500 game developer studios — predominantly SMEs — that collectively employ 40,000-45,000 people across Europe. The federation does not develop or sell technology products; rather, it operates as an advocacy and coordination body, aggregating industry data, publishing EU game law analysis, facilitating access to EU funding, and engaging directly with the European Commission on policy matters ranging from tax relief to game preservation.

EGDF's core functions are EU policy advocacy, industry data aggregation and publication, member networking, and event coordination. Its activities include producing pan-European industry reports, issuing policy position statements (on issues such as the Stop Killing Games initiative and US AI export controls), promoting and discounting industry conferences (including Pocket Gamer Connects, TIGA events, and the Playing for the Planet Green Games Summit), and participating in cross-sector initiatives such as the Playing for the Planet Alliance and member-level partnerships with organizations like UNICEF Serbia.

The federation is funded through membership fees paid by its 27 national trade association members and is governed by those associations. It operates with a lean staff led by Managing Director Jari-Pekka Kaleva, and has no parent company, outside equity ownership, or commercial revenue streams. Its GTM is community-led: national associations join EGDF to gain European-level representation, EU policy access, and cross-border networking — a model that has driven steady member additions in 2025 across both established and emerging European game development hubs.

European Games Developer Federation firmographics

Firmographics
Name
European Games Developer Federation
Legal name
European Games Developer Federation e.f. (EGDF)
Website
https://egdf.eu
Company type
Private
Founded year
2007
Operating status
Operating
Headcount range
1–10 employees
Short description
EGDF is a Stockholm-based Swedish trade federation uniting 27 national game developer trade associations across 24 European countries, representing 2,500+ studios and 40,000-45,000 people through EU policy advocacy, industry data, and funding access.
Ownership category
akta.pro rank

Where European Games Developer Federation is headquartered

Location

Headquarters

HQ city
Helsinki
HQ country
Finland
HQ region
Europe

Offices1 record

Markets served

European Games Developer Federation business model

Business model
GTM type
B2B
Offering type
Services
Cost components
Personnel, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Others

Revenue model

  1. Membership fees: EGDF operates as a federation (Ekonomisk Förening) representing national trade associations. Revenue appears to come from membership fees paid by the national trade associations that constitute the federation.

Go-to-market motion1 record

Distribution channels1 record

Marketing channels5 records

European Games Developer Federation product offering

Product offering

Core offering

EGDF is a federation of national trade associations representing European game developer studios. It delivers EU policy advocacy and representation, aggregates and publishes pan-European game industry data, facilitates access to EU funding information, and coordinates networking and events for its members. The federation represents more than 2,500 game developer studios across 24 European countries and engages directly with EU institutions on game law, funding, and digital sovereignty matters.

Product overview

EGDF is a European trade federation (Ekonomisk Förening) that unites national trade associations representing game developer studios across Europe. Rather than offering commercial software products, EGDF provides advocacy, industry representation, policy guidance, data aggregation, and coordination services for the European games industry. Their core offerings include industry data reports and studies, EU funding access facilitation, policy advocacy at European level, industry events coordination, and sustainability initiatives. Through their membership network spanning 27 national associations across 24 European countries, they represent over 2,500 game developer studios employing more than 45,000 people.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

  • EU Policy Advocacy and Representation Service Membership service providing European-level representation of national game developer trade associations before EU institutions, including policy positions, statements, and formal engagement on game law, funding, digital sovereignty, and end-of-life of games practices.
  • Industry Data and Studies Aggregation Service Membership service aggregating and publishing pan-European game industry data, statistical reports, and market research sourced from member associations across 24 European countries.
  • EU Funding Access Facilitation Service Membership service providing access to EU funding information, EU project opportunities, and coordination among member associations involved in EU-funded projects.
  • Industry Events and Networking Coordination Service Membership service providing event coordination and member discounts on industry conferences and events, including Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit, Games Education Conference, and Start-Up, Scale-Up and Grow.
  • Playing for the Planet Alliance Participation Coordination of industry sustainability initiatives through the Playing for the Planet Alliance, including the Green Games Summit and Awards, aimed at supporting game industry environmental commitments.

Companies that use European Games Developer Federation

Customer profile

Segments2 records

Ideal customer profiles2 records

European Games Developer Federation technology and API

Technology

Technology focussed No

API detail

Has API
No
API docs
API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

European Games Developer Federation partnerships and signals

Strategic signal

Partnerships

Ten partnerships are on record, tiered core and minor.

  • GBM (Games Bavaria Munich)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 25 November 2025GBM joined EGDF to strengthen the federation's representation of Bavarian game developers. The membership enhances EGDF's ability to defend European game developers and share best practices within the network.
  • IMIRT (The Irish Game Makers Association)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 13 November 2025IMIRT joined EGDF as a member association. Ireland is described as one of the key emerging game development hubs in the EU. IMIRT brings Irish game developers into the EGDF network to share best practices, solve industry challenges, and unite for collective representation.
  • BFI (British Film Institute)minorGTM or Marketing Partner · 6 November 2025BFI partnered with EGDF for the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event in London, UK.
  • MGI (Macedonian Games Industry Association)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 16 October 2025MGI joined EGDF as the 25th member of the federation. EGDF has been expanding its activities especially in East and Southeast Europe, and the Macedonian association strengthens this regional coverage.
  • SGA (Serbian Video Game Industry Association) and UNICEF SerbiacoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 2 June 2021SGA (an EGDF member) and UNICEF in Serbia signed a cooperation agreement aimed at empowering children and young people using games and gaming platforms to use them in a responsible and safe way and benefit from digitalisation and games.
  • Playing for the Planet AlliancecoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 January 2019The Playing for the Planet Alliance was launched in 2019 during the Climate Summit at UN Headquarters in New York. EGDF participates in this alliance where members make commitments ranging from integrating green activations in games, reducing emissions, and supporting the global environmental agenda.
  • Liquid CrimsonminorGTM or Marketing PartnerPartner in the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.
  • BastionminorGTM or Marketing PartnerPartner in the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.
  • Ukie (UK Games Industry Association)minorGTM or Marketing PartnerSupported the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.
  • Video Games EuropeminorGTM or Marketing PartnerSupported the Playing for the Planet: Green Games Summit and Awards event.

Scale indicators6 records

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights5 records

European Games Developer Federation competitors and assessment

Company assessment

Broad incumbents

  • Entertainment Software Association (ESA): US trade association for the video game industry. Compares as a broader industry incumbent with parallel advocacy, data, and policy functions, but operates in US rather than European regulatory and policy context.
  • PEGI (Pan European Game Information): European age-rating system for video games operated by a consortium of European game industry bodies. Adjacent to EGDF's remit: it operates European-wide game-policy infrastructure rather than developer advocacy, but shares European mandate and policy access.

Direct peers

  • IGDA (International Game Developers Association): Global not-for-profit membership organisation advocating for game developers worldwide. Direct peer in mission and operating model (developer-led advocacy, networking, professional development), but operates at a global rather than European scope.
  • ISFE (Interactive Software Federation of Europe): Pan-European trade body representing the interactive software (games) industry in Europe. Most direct peer: comparable scope, Brussels-based EU policy advocacy, and shared focus on European games regulation, though it historically skews toward publishers rather than developers.
  • TIGA (The Independent Game Developers' Association): UK trade association representing game developers and publishers; EGDF member and co-host of multiple EGDF-promoted conferences. Direct peer at the national level with similar mission of game developer advocacy and education.
  • SNJV (Syndicat National du Jeu Vidéo): French national trade association for video game developers and publishers, and an EGDF member. Direct peer at the national level with similar developer-representation and policy-engagement mandate.
  • Video Games Europe: European games industry trade association that engages with EU institutions on policy, market data, and consumer attitudes. Direct peer with overlapping EU advocacy mandate and shared member base, including on joint events like the Green Games Summit.
  • Ukie (UK Interactive Entertainment Association): UK trade body for the interactive entertainment industry. Comparable function (industry representation, data, policy), and a direct collaborator on EGDF-supported events such as the Green Games Summit.

Regional players

  • Dataspelsbranschen (Swedish Games Industry): Swedish trade association for the games industry and host of EGDF's registered headquarters (c/o DATASPELSBRANSCHEN). Comparable national-level trade association function and a member of EGDF, making it a structural counterpart at the national rather than EU level.
  • Nordic Game Association: Regional Nordic industry body for game developers, with overlapping Nordic members and policy/data remit. Regional peer that complements EGDF's pan-European voice at a sub-European level.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat4 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

European Games Developer Federation social profiles

Digital presence

European Games Developer Federation financial estimates

Financial estimate

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

European Games Developer Federation leadership team

Management profile

Number of profiles

Profiles1 record

European Games Developer Federation funding detail

Funding detail

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

European Games Developer Federation M&A and investment

M&A and investment

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about European Games Developer Federation

What does European Games Developer Federation do?

EGDF is a federation of national trade associations representing European game developer studios. It delivers EU policy advocacy and representation, aggregates and publishes pan-European game industry data, facilitates access to EU funding information, and coordinates networking and events for its members. The federation represents more than 2,500 game developer studios across 24 European countries and engages directly with EU institutions on game law, funding, and digital sovereignty matters.

Is European Games Developer Federation a public or private company?

European Games Developer Federation is a private company. It is classified as nonprofit foundation owned and is currently operating.

When was European Games Developer Federation founded?

European Games Developer Federation was founded in 2007. It employs 1 to 10 people.

Where is European Games Developer Federation based?

European Games Developer Federation is headquartered in Helsinki, Finland, in the Europe region.

How does European Games Developer Federation make money?

One revenue line is on record: membership fees.

Who are European Games Developer Federation's main competitors?

Broad incumbents on record are Entertainment Software Association (ESA) and PEGI (Pan European Game Information). Direct peers are IGDA (International Game Developers Association), ISFE (Interactive Software Federation of Europe), TIGA (The Independent Game Developers' Association), SNJV (Syndicat National du Jeu Vidéo), Video Games Europe and Ukie (UK Interactive Entertainment Association). Regional players are Dataspelsbranschen (Swedish Games Industry) and Nordic Game Association.

Does European Games Developer Federation have an API?

No public API is recorded for European Games Developer Federation.

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Live signals
GamesIndustry.bizEuropean Games Developer Federation announces 2026-28 board, Hendrik Lesser re-elected as presidentThe European Games Developer Federation announced its 2026-2028 board, re-electing Hendrik Lesser as president after Homo Ludens CEO David Rabineau and No Brakes Games director Gediminas Tarasevicius stepped down. The new board includes Martine Spaans, KooPee Hiltunen, Per Strömbäck, Hrvoje Mitic, Jakub Marszalkowski and Vanessa Kaplan. The group plans to improve funding, talent and skills access, and aims to become Europe's first AI-based trade association.GamesIndustry.bizEU games industry generated €24bn in 2024, studios reached 6,600 and workforce exceeded 95,000The European Video Game Industry Insights Report, published by the European Games Development Association and Video Games Europe, said the EU games sector generated €24 billion in 2024, with over 6,600 studios employing more than 95,000 people. Studio numbers rose 5-10%, while employment stagnated, with Poland employing the most staff and publishing 450 titles.Pocket Gamer.bizEGDF urges Europe's games industry to "fight forward" in 2026The European Games Developer Federation (EGDF) has called on European game studios to move beyond a survival mindset and push for global competitiveness in 2026, outlining three strategic priorities: human-led AI implementation, fair market conditions, and stronger European technological and cultural sovereignty. The federation raised concerns over platform payment practices that convert European player revenues to dollars, exposing studios to currency losses, as well as fragmented consumer regulation that could disproportionately affect smaller studios. EGDF president Hendrik Lesser emphasized that developers must retain creative leadership roles as AI tools become more embedded in development workflows, warning that automating entry-level work could undermine the future talent pipeline.WN HubAnalytics: almost a quarter of gaming companies are registered in the USADmitry Filatov, CEO of Narwhal, published statistics estimating 5.3 thousand gaming companies globally, with the USA holding the largest share at 23.2%. The data contrasts with ESA estimates indicating over 11 thousand such companies in the US alone and EGDF figures showing more than 5,700 studios in the EU.EuractivEurope’s game developers took a hit in 2023 – and the pain’s not overEurope's video game developers saw revenues fall in 2023 for the first time, dropping from €18.9 billion to €18.7 billion, even as the broader European gaming market grew to €25.7 billion, according to the European Games Developer Federation's annual report. The EGDF attributed the decline to layoffs and studio closures across the region, though developer employment edged up slightly from 90,000 to 91,000 positions. EGDF Managing Director Jari-Pekka Kaleva expressed pessimism about a near-term rebound and raised concerns about fragmented state funding across EU member states and upcoming EU consumer protection regulations.