HMD

What HMD does

HMD (Human Mobile Devices) is a Finnish mobile phone company founded in 2016 and headquartered in Espoo, Finland. The company holds an exclusive licensing agreement with Nokia Corporation to manufacture and sell Nokia-branded phones, while also developing its own HMD-branded product portfolio. HMD operates across two primary product streams: a consumer hardware business spanning HMD-branded Android smartphones (Vibe, Crest, Skyline, Fusion, Aura, Key, Arc, Fuse families) and Nokia-branded feature phones (3210 4G, 2660 Flip, 215/225/235 4G), and an enterprise division called HMD Secure that supplies rugged devices (Terra M, Ivalo XE), enterprise mobility management (Enable Pro, FOTA, Softlock), and mission-critical communication solutions to government, defense, and public safety customers.

HMD has sold over 450 million devices worldwide and serves customers across 60+ countries spanning Europe, South Asia, the Middle East, Africa, APAC, and Latin America. The company differentiates through Nokia brand heritage, repairable device design with iFixit and Gsmnet self-repair partnerships, child-safety features (HarmBlock+ AI on HMD Fuse), EcoVadis Platinum sustainability rating for four consecutive years (2022–2025), and a modular Smart Outfits ecosystem for the HMD Fusion line.

Revenue is generated primarily through hardware sales across budget to mid-range price points (feature phones under Rs 1,000 in India, budget smartphones around Rs 9,499–10,999), with distribution through e-commerce (Flipkart exclusive launches), telecom operator partnerships (MTN Ghana), general retail, and direct enterprise sales for HMD Secure. Go-to-market motions include direct-to-consumer flash sales, celebrity endorsements (Raghav Juyal in India), sports sponsorships (FC Barcelona Official Mobile Phone Partner, Rajasthan Royals IPL associate sponsor), and AI-driven partnerships (Sarvam AI for India, OpenAI for Europe, DeepSeek for China) to extend smartphone-grade AI into feature phones for emerging markets.

Name

HMD

Legal name

HMD Global Oy

Website

https://hmd.com

Company type

Private

Founded year

2016

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

501–1,000 employees

Short description

HMD (Human Mobile Devices) is a Finnish mobile phone company that designs and sells Nokia-branded feature phones, HMD-branded Android smartphones, and rugged enterprise devices across 60+ countries, serving consumers, families, seniors, and government/defense customers through its HMD Secure division.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Mobile Devices

NAICS

Telephone Apparatus Manufacturing (33421)

SIC

Telephone & Telegraph Apparatus (3661)

akta.pro primary industry

Smartphone & Feature Phone OEMs (CRACALAA)

akta.pro secondary industries

Rugged & Specialized Smartphones/Feature Phones (Industrial, Outdoor, Secure) (CRACALAJ), Smartphone & Feature Phone ODM/OEM Manufacturing (Contract Manufacturing) (CRACALAB), Mobile Operating Systems & Firmware (Android forks, OEM UI, Feature Phone OS) (CRACALAE), Mobile Device Management & Security for Tablets/Ultrabooks (MDM/UEM, Device Encryption) (HDACAMAN), End-User Device Management (UEM/MDM, Desktop/Laptop/Tablet) (BPAEAIAB), Rugged Tablets (Industrial/Field) (HDACAMAD)

Keywords

• Mobile phone manufacturing
• Android smartphones
• Nokia feature phones
• Rugged enterprise devices
• Device repairability services

Headquarters

HQ city

Helsinki

HQ country

Finland

HQ region

Europe

Offices1 record

Markets served

GTM type

B2B and B2C

Offering type

Hardware or Manufacturing

Cost components

Supply Chain, Marketing or Sales, Personnel, Technology or R&D, Operations, Infrastructure

Revenue model

1. Hardware Sales - Smartphones: Sale of Android smartphones across budget to mid-range segments including HMD Pulse, Crest, Skyline, Fusion, and Aura families. Revenue generated from device sales through retail, e-commerce, and enterprise channels globally.
2. Hardware Sales - Feature Phones: Sale of Nokia-branded and HMD feature phones including classic revivals (Nokia 3210 4G, Nokia 2660 Flip), basic phones, and hybrid devices. Major segment in emerging markets and for digital inclusion initiatives.
3. Enterprise Mobility Solutions: HMD Secure division provides ruggedized devices (Terra M), mission-critical communication solutions, and enterprise mobility management (Enable Pro, FOTA, Softlock) to government, defense, and enterprise customers.
4. Accessories: Sale of accessories including HMD DUB earbuds, HMD Watch smartwatches, phone cases, charging solutions, and Smart Outfits for HMD Fusion devices.

Pricing tiers

Go-to-market motion3 records

Distribution channels6 records

Marketing channels8 records

Core offering

HMD Global Oy designs, manufactures, and sells HMD-branded Android smartphones and Nokia-branded feature phones for consumers worldwide, plus a separate HMD Secure line of rugged devices and enterprise mobility management software for government, defense, and public-safety customers. Its offering spans entry-level to mid-range smartphones, classic and modern feature phones, hybrid phones, rugged devices, tablets, wearables, and audio accessories, with proprietary child-safety AI, modular Smart Outfits, and AI integration on feature phones as differentiators.

Product overview

HMD (Human Mobile Devices) is the largest European manufacturer of smartphones and maker of Nokia phones, with over 450 million devices sold globally. The product portfolio includes HMD-branded smartphones spanning budget to mid-range segments (Vibe 2 5G, Fuse, Aura², Key, Arc, Fusion, Skyline, Crest, Crest Max), Nokia-branded feature phones (3210, 215, 225, 235, 2660 Flip), specialty devices (Terra M rugged phone, Touch 4G hybrid phone, T21 tablet), wearables (Watch X1, Watch P1), audio products (DUB earbuds line), and enterprise platforms (Enable Pro, FOTA, Softlock, HMD Secure). The company also operates the Better Phone Project for child-safe smartphones with parental controls and offers modular Smart Outfits for the Fusion line.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Brands

• HMD Secure: Enterprise mobility solutions including rugged phones, MDM (Mobile Device Management), FOTA (Firmware Over-The-Air), and Softlock services for government, defense, public safety, and critical infrastructure.
• HMD Terra M
• HMD Barbie Phone
• Better Phone Project

Products and services

• HMD Vibe 2 5G Budget 5G smartphone pre-loaded with Sarvam AI's Indus AI assistant supporting 22 Indian languages, featuring a 6,000mAh battery, 50MP dual camera, 120Hz display, and Android 16, targeted at value-oriented Indian consumers seeking affordable 5G.
• HMD Fuse Smartphone designed for children featuring HarmBlock+ AI content moderation that blocks nude imagery from camera and across apps, with parental controls, location tracking, and contact whitelisting.
• HMD Aura² Budget smartphone with repairable design, Android 14 (Go edition), up to 51-hour battery life, 256GB storage, and camera modes including portrait and night mode.
• HMD Key Affordable essential smartphone with Android 14 (Go edition), virtual memory boost feature, up to 47-hour battery life, and multiple camera modes.
• HMD Arc Entry-level smartphone with repairable design, Android 14 (Go edition), up to 51-hour battery life, AI-powered camera, and iFixit-supported repairability for first-time smartphone users.
• HMD Fusion Customizable smartphone with modular Smart Outfits system including camera light ring, gaming controller, and rugged cases, featuring 108MP dual camera, 50MP selfie camera, and an open-source development toolkit.
• HMD Skyline Repairable smartphone for creators featuring 50MP selfie camera with autofocus, Detox Mode for digital wellness, wireless Qi2 charging, and 48-hour battery life.
• HMD Crest Max 5G Mid-range 5G smartphone with 64MP and ultra-wide dual rear camera, 50MP front camera, 6.67-inch OLED display, and frosted glass design.
• HMD Crest 5G 5G smartphone with 50MP front and rear cameras, skin-tone optimization, OLED display, self-repair design, and 5000mAh battery.
• HMD Aura Budget smartphone targeted at value-conscious buyers in AMEA, LATAM, and Australia markets.
• HMD XR21 Rugged smartphone with IP68 rating and military-grade durability designed for demanding environments and professional use.
• HMD Terra M Ultra-rugged compact feature phone with IP68/IP69K ratings, military-grade durability, Push-to-Talk, programmable emergency keys, 8MP camera, and up to 10-day standby, sold through the HMD Secure division for enterprise and government users.
• HMD Touch 4G Hybrid phone combining feature phone simplicity with smartphone touchscreen, Cloud Phone Service, Express Chat app for video calls, Wi-Fi support, and 4G connectivity.
• Nokia 3210 4G Revival of the iconic Nokia 3210 with modern 4G connectivity, Cloud Phone Service, Snake game, and long-lasting battery in a nostalgic Y2K design.
• Nokia 215 4G (2024) Modern feature phone with Bluetooth, long battery life, Snake game, and a Cloud Apps portal for news, weather, and videos.
• Nokia 225 4G (2024) Compact modern feature phone with Bluetooth, rear camera, Snake game, Cloud Apps, and long battery life.
• Nokia 235 4G (2024) Modern feature phone with 2MP camera, Bluetooth, Snake game, Cloud Apps, and durable design.
• Nokia 2660 Flip 4G Flip phone with big buttons and 2.8-inch display, emergency contact button, FM radio, hearing aid compatibility, and multi-day battery life targeted at seniors.
• HMD T21 Android tablet designed for durability and extended battery life, targeting budget-conscious consumers and enterprise use.
• XploraOne Kids-focused phone with no social media or internet, allowing only calls, texts, and safety features with parental controls. Part of the Better Phone Project co-created with parents and children.
• HMD Watch X1 Fitness smartwatch with health tracking tools and sharing features.
• HMD DUB X50 Pro Premium wireless earbuds positioned for clarity, convenience, and style.
• HMD OffGrid Satellite communication device for outdoor adventures, providing connectivity beyond cellular coverage.
• HMD Enable Pro Enterprise Mobility Management solution built on the Android Management API for deploying and managing HMD smartphones and tablets with required apps and configurations.
• HMD FOTA Firmware over-the-air management solution for enterprise device fleet Android OS updates.
• HMD Softlock Remote asset locking service to protect financing and leasing companies from fraud and theft.
• Bittium Tough Mobile 3 5G secure smartphone manufactured by HMD Secure Oy for Bittium, featuring quantum-safe communications and dual operating systems, certified for EU and NATO security classification levels.

Quantifiable outcome

• 100,000 HMD Vibe 2 5G units sold within 53 minutes of Flipkart sale launch
• +3 more outcomes

Named customers1 record

Segments5 records

Ideal customer profiles5 records

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API

Yes

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Integration6 records

AI capability8 records

Feature6 records

Partnerships

14 partnerships are on record, tiered core, minor and flagship.

• Qualcomm TechnologiescoreTechnology or Integration · 16 June 2026Collaboration for NR Sidelink-powered device-to-device communications for first responders. Combines Qualcomm's 3GPP NR Sidelink chipset with HMD Secure's hardened Ivalo XE smartphone and StreamWIDE's mission-critical app layer for direct D2D communication without infrastructure.
• StreamWIDEcoreTechnology or Integration · 16 June 2026Partnership to provide mission-critical app layer with push-to-talk, messaging, and file sharing for HMD Secure's NR Sidelink solution enabling resilient mesh networks for first responders operating beyond network coverage.
• Tejas NetworksminorStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 May 2026D2M broadcast partnership enabling live content streaming without internet connectivity on feature phones. Initial content from Prasar Bharti with plans for broader rollout after testing in multiple Indian cities.
• Raghav JuyalcoreGTM or Marketing Partner · 1 April 2026Indian actor and entertainer appointed as brand ambassador for HMD smartphone lineup targeting Gen Z and millennial audiences. 360-degree marketing campaign spanning OOH, print, digital, and social media.
• MTN GhanacoreChannel Partner/ Reseller/ Distributor · 1 March 2026Partnership to launch HMD Arc affordable 4G smartphone for digital inclusion in Ghana. Device priced at GHS 899 with 2.5GB data monthly for six months, available at MTN retail centers nationwide.
• Sarvam AIcoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 18 February 2026Strategic partnership to integrate Sarvam AI's Indus chatbot (105-billion-parameter multilingual model supporting 22 Indian languages) into HMD feature phones and smartphones. Indus assistant pre-installed on HMD Vibe 2 5G, with plans to extend to Nokia feature phones. Enables AI accessibility for Indian users in local languages.
• Department of Telecommunications (India)coreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 February 2026Integration of DoT's Sanchar Saathi cybersecurity app into HMD Vibe 2 5G, providing enhanced digital safety features and security for Indian mobile users.
• Rajasthan RoyalscoreGTM or Marketing Partner · 1 January 2026Associate sponsor for third consecutive year of IPL cricket team. Increases brand visibility through stadium branding and aligns with team's global fanbase during smartphone launches.
• Eviden (Atos Group)coreTechnology or Integration · 1 November 2025Strategic partnership to embed Eviden's Lifelink MCx Connect 3GPP-compliant mission-critical communication solution into HMD's Terra M rugged phone. Targets enterprise, homeland security, police, and municipal transport operators.
• XploracoreStrategic or Co-development Partner · 1 January 2025Co-creation partnership for XploraOne - a kids' safety phone without social media/internet. Also developed parental control technology (Xplora) powering HMD Fusion X1 for teen smartphone safety.
• BittiumminorOEM/ Whitelabel/ Licensing Partner · 1 January 2025Finnish partner manufacturing Bittium Tough Mobile 3 (5G smartphone for government/defense) as part of HMD production capabilities for European secure communications devices.
• FC BarcelonaflagshipGTM or Marketing Partner · 1 January 2024Official Mobile Phone Partner of FC Barcelona. Includes co-branded products like HMD Barça Fusion and HMD Barça 3210, and extensive marketing activation through stadium branding and fan engagement.
• iFixitcoreImplementation/ SI/ Consulting Partner · 1 January 2024Partnership for self-repair smartphone program. Provides spare parts, tools, and free repair guides enabling consumers to repair HMD and Nokia devices at home in Australia, GB, USA, and EU countries.
• GsmnetcoreImplementation/ SI/ Consulting Partner · 1 January 2024European repair partner providing spare parts, components, and tools for both smart and feature phones. Supports self-repair in Europe, Great Britain, and Australia with wholesale pricing for businesses and schools.

Scale indicators7 records

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights7 records

Direct peers

• Bullitt Group: UK-based licensee of CAT rugged phones and Motorola; closely comparable business model as a brand-licensing rugged/mid-range phone maker targeting enterprise and industrial users.
• Sonim Technologies: US-listed rugged phone specialist for public safety and enterprise; closest direct comparable to HMD Terra M in mission-critical device segment.
• Vivo: Chinese Android OEM with strong India offline retail presence, competing in the same mid-range price tier where HMD Crest and Skyline are positioned.
• Xiaomi: Chinese Android OEM dominating the same sub-Rs 15,000 budget/mid-range segment that HMD targets in India and other emerging markets; key competitor on price-performance.
• Motorola Mobility: Lenovo-owned Android OEM with comparable budget G-series and rugged Defy/ThinkPhone lines, similar North America carrier distribution model, and shared feature-phone heritage.
• Realme: Fast-growing Chinese Android OEM competing head-to-head with HMD in India sub-Rs 15,000 segment via Flipkart and aggressive pricing.
• Transsion (Tecno, Infinix, itel): Dominant phone OEM in Africa and South Asia targeting first-time smartphone buyers; HMD Arc/MTN Ghana competes directly with Tecno Spark and itel value lines.
• Bittium: Finnish secure/defense communications specialist that also manufactures via HMD (Bittium Tough Mobile 3); comparable in HMD Secure's rugged and NATO-grade device niche.

Broad incumbents

• Nokia: Licensor of the Nokia brand that HMD uses and also an equity investor. Directly comparable as a heritage mobile brand with strength in feature phones, network infrastructure, and emerging enterprise/secure communications.
• Samsung Electronics: Global smartphone leader with overlapping Galaxy A/M series in HMD's price band, plus rugged Galaxy XCover enterprise line directly comparable to HMD Terra M.

Market position

Strengths5 records

Weaknesses5 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights7 records

Customer concentration

• YouTubeyoutube.com/@hmddevices
• Facebookfacebook.com/nokiahmdglobalfan
• LinkedInlinkedin.com/company/hmd-global
• Instagraminstagram.com/hmddevices
• TikToktiktok.com/@hmd
• Xx.com/HMDdevices

Compliance2 records

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Profiles7 records

Subsidiaries1 record

Funding overview

Funding rounds2 records

Investors6 records

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about HMD