Scope3
Scope3 operates the Interchange, an agent-to-agent advertising platform built on the open AdCP protocol. It serves enterprise brands, agencies, publishers, and AI-native platforms with AI-powered buying and selling agents that discover, negotiate, and transact media campaigns autonomously.
- Company typePrivate
- Founded2021
- HeadquartersNew York, United States
- Headcount11–50
- GTM typeB2B
- OfferingSoftware
What Scope3 does
Scope3 is a New York-based, venture-backed private company (incorporated as Scope3 PBC) that operates the Interchange, a marketplace platform for agent-to-agent digital advertising built on the open AdCP (Advertising Context Protocol) standard. The platform connects AI-powered buying agents acting on behalf of enterprise brands with seller agents representing surface owners (publishers, streaming services, AI assistants, retail media networks, OOH operators), enabling autonomous discovery, negotiation, execution, and reporting of media transactions across every advertising surface. Core products include Brand Agents (custom-trainable AI buying agents that encode brand values and governance), Storefronts (agent-readable catalogs for surface owners with the Murph merchandising agent), and Brand Standards (LLM-based contextual brand safety and suitability). The company serves four customer segments: global enterprise brands, agency holding companies, publishers and surface owners, and AI-native platforms.
Scope3 generates revenue primarily through transparent transaction-based take rates on media spend flowing through the Interchange: 4% for routed transactions and 8% for transactions where Scope3 provides real-time decisioning, optimization, or consolidated invoicing. Volume discounts are applied on monthly spend, and additional revenue comes from add-on services including generative creative, brand standards and governance, data hosting, and payment processing fees. The company is pursuing a multi-channel go-to-market that combines enterprise field sales for large brands and agencies, self-serve storefront onboarding for surface owners (under one hour per company), API/MCP-based developer access, and ecosystem-led adoption through its co-founding role in AgenticAdvertising.org.
The company was founded in 2021 by Brian O'Kelley (credited as the inventor of programmatic advertising and co-founder of AppNexus, which was sold to AT&T for $1.6B). Scope3 originally launched as a carbon emissions measurement platform for digital advertising and has since pivoted to agentic advertising infrastructure, a transition accompanied by two rounds of layoffs in August 2025 and February 2026 and the divestiture of the Adloox verification system to Peer39 in June 2026. The company has raised $45 million in total funding, with GV leading both the $20M Series B (October 2023) and the $25M follow-on (October 2024), alongside Venrock, Aperiam, Room40 Ventures, Virgo, and Craft Ventures.
Scope3 firmographics
Firmographics- Name
- Scope3
- Legal name
- Scope3 PBC
- Website
- https://scope3.com
- Company type
- Private
- Founded year
- 2021
- Operating status
- Operating
- Headcount range
- 11–50 employees
- Short description
- Scope3 operates the Interchange, an agent-to-agent advertising platform built on the open AdCP protocol. It serves enterprise brands, agencies, publishers, and AI-native platforms with AI-powered buying and selling agents that discover, negotiate, and transact media campaigns autonomously.
- Ownership category
- akta.pro rank
Scope3 industry classification
Industry- Product category
- Agentic Advertising Technology
- NAICS
- Media Buying Agencies (541830)
- SIC
- Services-Advertising Agencies (7311)
- akta.pro primary industry
- Supply Chain (Scope 3) Emissions & Supplier Engagement Platforms (EUABAEAE)
Keywords
Where Scope3 is headquartered
LocationHeadquarters
- HQ city
- New York
- HQ country
- United States
- HQ region
- North America
Offices3 records
Markets served
Scope3 business model
Business model- GTM type
- B2B
- Offering type
- Software
- Cost components
- Technology or R&D, Personnel, Marketing or Sales, Operations, Infrastructure
Revenue model
- Interchange Platform Margin (Media Take Rate): Scope3 takes a transparent margin on media spend that flows through the Interchange platform, built into media cost rather than added on top. Two tiers: 4% for routed transactions (Scope3 connects buyers and sellers, they transact directly) and 8% for decisioned transactions (Scope3 routes and acts on transactions with real-time decisioning, optimization, or consolidated invoicing). Volume discounts available on request based on monthly spend. No platform fees; buyers pay for media and services used.
- Add-on Services: Optional services layered on top of media pricing: Creative (generative creative from product feed, per-creative usage pricing); Brand standards & governance (percentage of media based on verification sampling level); Data hosting (hosting fee per record for buyers bringing first-party audiences); Payment processing (Stripe fees ~0.8% on invoice payments, paid by seller).
Pricing tiers
| Model | Billing | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Transaction based/ take rate | Monthly | Routing Only — 4% margin on media spend for routed transactions where Scope3 connects buyers and sellers who transact and settle directly, without Scope3 real-time decisioning or optimization. Example use cases: social platform buys, direct publisher contracts, Linear TV IOs. |
| Transaction based/ take rate | Monthly | Routing + Decisioning — 8% margin on media spend for transactions where Scope3 routes and acts on them with real-time decisioning, optimization, or consolidated invoicing and payment processing. |
| Transaction based/ take rate | Monthly | Volume Discount — Available on request for high-volume accounts, applied on monthly spend. |
Go-to-market motion4 records
Distribution channels5 records
Marketing channels4 records
Scope3 product offering
Product offeringCore offering
Scope3 operates the Interchange, a marketplace platform where AI agents representing brands (buying agents) and surface owners (seller agents) discover, negotiate, execute, and report on advertising transactions across every surface. Built on AdCP (Advertising Context Protocol), the open standard for agent-to-agent advertising, the platform replaces legacy programmatic pipes with a transparent, audit-ready infrastructure priced at a 4-8% margin on media spend. Scope3 also retains its Collaborative Sustainability Platform, which measures carbon emissions across the digital advertising supply chain.
Product overview
Scope3 operates the Interchange as its core platform for agentic advertising—a marketplace where AI agents representing brands (buying agents) and surface owners (seller agents) discover, negotiate, and transact directly across every advertising surface. The platform is built on AdCP, the open Advertising Context Protocol, with integrated governance, transparent pricing, and full auditability. Core products include Brand Agents (AI buying agents for brands), Storefronts (agent-readable catalogs for sellers with the custom-trainable merchandising agent Murph), and Brand Standards (LLM-based brand safety and suitability). The company also pioneered Sponsored Intelligence for advertising in AI-native surfaces. Scope3 originally launched as a sustainability measurement platform (Collaborative Sustainability Platform) before pivoting to agentic advertising infrastructure in 2025.
Differentiator
Problem solved
Functional benefit
Products and services
- Interchange Central agentic advertising marketplace where AI agents representing brands (buying agents), surface owners (seller agents), and service providers (creative, strategy, governance, signals) discover inventory, negotiate, execute, and report on media transactions. Built on the open AdCP protocol and accessible via Claude, ChatGPT, Copilot, Claude Code, and the public MCP/API. Priced at 4-8% margin on media spend.
- Brand Agents Custom-trainable AI buying agents that act on behalf of brands, translating objectives, budgets, and brand standards into advertising decisions. Enforce brand values, voice, and governance policies on every transaction and negotiate with seller agents across surfaces.
- Storefronts Agent-readable catalogs that surface owners, data providers, creative studios, and governance specialists open on Interchange to list advertising inventory, formats, audiences, pricing, and terms. Each storefront includes a custom-trainable Merchandising Agent (Murph) that represents the seller in negotiations with buying agents. 23 storefronts were live as of late 2025.
- Brand Standards LLM-based brand suitability and safety product that evaluates content contextually (tone, meaning, context) rather than relying on keyword blocklists. Enforces brand suitability on every transaction before execution. For Allagash Brewing, blocked 83% of misaligned content, unlocked a 5x increase in spend on brand-suitable media, improved viewability by 13%, and extended average exposure time by 22%.
- AdCP (Advertising Context Protocol) Open standard protocol published at agenticadvertising.org, built on MCP (Model Context Protocol), enabling any AI agent to discover inventory, negotiate terms, execute media buys, and report results across the advertising ecosystem. Covers 8 domains: media buying, creative, signals, accounts, governance, brand identity, sponsored intelligence, and trusted match. Licensed Apache 2.0.
- Sponsored Intelligence Economic model and protocol for advertising inside AI-native surfaces (assistants, copilots, agentic experiences). Allows brands to participate in active decision-making moments inside AI responses, matched to explicit intent in real time. Formalized in AdCP 3.0 with standards for session management, brand safety, disclosure, and commerce handoff.
- Collaborative Sustainability Platform Scope3's original platform for measuring and reducing carbon emissions across the digital advertising supply chain. Now maintained as a separate offering at sustainability.scope3.com while the core company pivoted to agentic advertising.
Quantifiable outcome
- Carbon measurement for Allagash Meta campaigns: 5.36 MT CO2e total, with 5s video assets producing 22% fewer emissions per impression vs. 30s assets
- +4 more outcomes
Companies that use Scope3
Customer profileNamed customers6 records
Segments4 records
Ideal customer profiles4 records
Scope3 technology and API
TechnologyTechnology focussed Yes
API detail
- Has API
- Yes
- API docs
- API detail
Core technology
AI maturity
App detail
Integration12 records
AI capability7 records
Feature8 records
Scope3 partnerships and signals
Strategic signalPartnerships
Eleven partnerships are on record, tiered minor and core.
- Peer39minorPeer39, a contextual data platform, acquired Adloox (ad verification system) from Scope3 in June 2026. The acquisition expands Peer39's capabilities beyond open web and CTV into Google and Meta environments with MRC accreditation for ad viewability and invalid traffic detection. The entire Adloox team was integrated into Peer39 over the coming months.
- MetacoreMeta extended third-party AI-driven content block lists to its Threads platform through verification partners including DoubleVerify, IAS, and Scope3. The rollout strengthens brand-safety controls on Threads with moderation tools similar to other major platforms. Scope3 is positioned alongside established verification players DoubleVerify and Integral Ad Science.
- AgenticAdvertising.org (AAO)coreScope3 is a founding member and primary contributor to AgenticAdvertising.org, the independent non-profit industry body governing the AdCP open standard. AAO has assembled over 20 member companies including Yahoo, PubMatic, Optable, Swivel, and Triton Digital. The organization is working to establish shared standards before AI-driven ad buying scales.
- MagnitecoreMagnite embedded a seller agent directly into its SpringServe platform and completed its first agentic advertising test in December 2025 with Scope3 as the buyer agent partner. The integration supports AdCP and enables autonomous AI-driven media buying decisions. Major publishers including LG Ad Solutions, Warner Bros. Discovery, and MiQ participated in early testing.
- News UK (The Sun)coreThe Sun (a British tabloid under News UK) is building an in-house AI agent for its programmatic business to prepare for increased agentic media buying from demand-side partners like Scope3 and WPP. This signals that major publishers are investing in agentic advertising readiness.
- InMobi AdvertisingcoreInMobi Advertising launched green media segments powered by Scope3 in October 2024, aiming to create the world's largest green media offering to decarbonize the advertising supply chain. In 2025, InMobi launched its agentic seller on the Interchange, opening Glance (300M active devices) and InMobi's broader mobile supply to buyer agents. Anne Coghlan noted that agentic transactions allow surfaces like Glance to be bought with full context rather than flattened into commodity impressions.
- YahoocoreBacker of the Ad Context Protocol (AdCP) as part of AgenticAdvertising.org working group. Yahoo is cited as positioning AdCP as a portfolio management framework distinct from real-time bidding, enabling strategic allocation across advertising investments.
- PubMaticcoreMember of the AgenticAdvertising.org working group backing AdCP. Collaborating on open standards for agentic advertising alongside Scope3, Yahoo, Optable, Swivel, and Triton Digital.
- OptablecoreMember of the AgenticAdvertising.org working group backing AdCP. Collaborating on open standards for agentic advertising alongside Scope3, Yahoo, PubMatic, Swivel, and Triton Digital.
- SwivelcoreMember of the AgenticAdvertising.org working group backing AdCP. Contributing to the development of the Ad Context Protocol for agentic advertising standards alongside Scope3 and other industry players.
- Triton DigitalcoreMember of the AgenticAdvertising.org working group backing AdCP. Industry veteran Benjamin Masse of Triton Digital positioning AdCP as a portfolio management framework for agentic advertising.
Scale indicators10 records
Recent moves6 records
Expansion highlights6 records
Scope3 competitors and assessment
Company assessmentDirect peers
- The Trade Desk: Leading independent demand-side platform for programmatic media buying. The Trade Desk competes directly with Scope3's Interchange for enterprise media-buying dollars and is rapidly building its own AI-driven campaign management capabilities (Kokai).
- Magnite: Largest independent sell-side platform (SSP) for CTV and video. Magnite is a direct AdCP collaborator and SpringServe integration partner of Scope3, and is building its own seller-agent infrastructure to compete in agentic advertising.
- PubMatic: Independent SSP with significant CTV and omnichannel supply. PubMatic is a working-group member of AgenticAdvertising.org and an AdCP backer, building parallel supply-path agentic capabilities.
- DoubleVerify: Independent ad-measurement and brand-safety verification platform. DoubleVerify is a direct competitor to Scope3's Brand Standards product, sits alongside Scope3 as a Meta Threads verification partner, and serves the same brand-suitability buyer use case.
- Integral Ad Science (IAS): Independent digital ad verification and brand-safety company. IAS is a direct competitor to Scope3's Brand Standards and shares the same Meta verification partnership footprint.
Emerging players
- Optable: Privacy-safe data collaboration and clean-room platform for advertisers. Optable is an AgenticAdvertising.org and AdCP working-group member, and competes with Scope3 for identity and data-activation workflows.
Broad incumbents
- InMobi: Global mobile ad network and SSP behind Glance (300M active devices). InMobi is both a Scope3 partner (launched green media segments and an agentic seller on Interchange) and a peer competing in mobile-first ad supply.
- Yahoo (Yahoo Advertising): Major sell-side platform and DSP. Yahoo is an AgenticAdvertising.org and AdCP backer, operating both competing supply-side agentic infrastructure and parallel demand-side buying products.
- Google Ad Manager / Performance Max: Hyperscaler-owned ad platform with dominant DSP and SSP products plus Performance Max AI-driven campaign management. Google is the largest incumbent Scope3 must win budget from, and has its own agentic AI capabilities for advertising.
- Microsoft Advertising: Hyperscaler ad platform spanning search, native, and Connected TV. Microsoft is both a Scope3 investor-side ally (Copilot integration with Interchange) and a competitor building agentic advertising surfaces inside its own AI products.
Market position
Strengths5 records
Weaknesses5 records
Competitive moat6 records
Key risks6 records
Key highlights7 records
Customer concentration
Scope3 social profiles
Digital presenceScope3 compliance and trust
Trust signalCompliance2 records
Scope3 financial estimates
Financial estimateRevenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Scope3 leadership team
Management profileNumber of profiles
Profiles8 records
Scope3 subsidiaries and ownership
Company hierarchySubsidiaries1 record
Scope3 funding detail
Funding detailFunding overview
Funding rounds2 records
Investors6 records
Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Scope3 M&A and investment
M&A and investmentM&A1 record
Investments
M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Frequently asked questions about Scope3
What does Scope3 do?
Scope3 operates the Interchange, a marketplace platform where AI agents representing brands (buying agents) and surface owners (seller agents) discover, negotiate, execute, and report on advertising transactions across every surface. Built on AdCP (Advertising Context Protocol), the open standard for agent-to-agent advertising, the platform replaces legacy programmatic pipes with a transparent, audit-ready infrastructure priced at a 4-8% margin on media spend. Scope3 also retains its Collaborative Sustainability Platform, which measures carbon emissions across the digital advertising supply chain.
Is Scope3 a public or private company?
Scope3 is a private company. It is classified as venture growth investor backed and is currently operating.
When was Scope3 founded?
Scope3 was founded in 2021. It employs 11 to 50 people.
Where is Scope3 based?
Scope3 is headquartered in New York, United States, in the North America region.
How does Scope3 make money?
Two revenue lines are on record. Interchange Platform Margin (Media Take Rate) is the primary driver. The others are add-on Services.
Who are Scope3's main competitors?
Direct peers on record are The Trade Desk, Magnite, PubMatic, DoubleVerify and Integral Ad Science (IAS). Optable is listed as an emerging player. Broad incumbents are InMobi, Yahoo (Yahoo Advertising), Google Ad Manager / Performance Max and Microsoft Advertising.
Does Scope3 have an API?
Yes. Scope3 operates the Interchange platform for agentic advertising with a public API and MCP (Model Context Protocol) server. The API enables programmatic access to the Interchange for building custom agents and automations. Developers can connect to the Scope3 MCP server (api.interchange.io/mcp) to discover capabilities, execute media buys, and manage campaigns. The API docs are available at docs.interchange.io/v2/introduction. Developer documentation is at docs.interchange.io/v2/introduction.
What industry is Scope3 in?
Scope3's product category is Agentic Advertising Technology. Its primary akta.pro industry code is EUABAEAE, Supply Chain (Scope 3) Emissions & Supplier Engagement Platforms. Its NAICS code is 541830 and its SIC code is 7311.