Watt Time
WattTime is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that delivers an API for real-time marginal electricity emissions data (MOER) across 210+ countries, serving IoT manufacturers, cloud providers, EV companies, and smart building operators with carbon-aware load shifting technology.
- Company typePrivate
- Founded2014
- HeadquartersOakland, United States
- Headcount11–50
- GTM typeB2B
- OfferingSoftware
What Watt Time does
WattTime is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit founded in 2014 by UC Berkeley researchers and headquartered in Oakland, California. It builds proprietary marginal emissions modeling technology—primarily the Marginal Operating Emissions Rate (MOER)—that quantifies the carbon intensity of adding or removing one megawatt of electricity from a power grid at any given moment. Its platform is delivered exclusively as an API exposing CO2 marginal, CO2 average, and Health Damage data signals at 5-minute granularity across 342 grid regions in 210+ countries and territories, supported by three modeling methodologies (binned regression, proxy regression, and synthetic demand proxy regression) tailored to regional data availability.
The company's commercial offering is structured around tiered API subscriptions (Basic free, Analyst paid, Pro enterprise), supplemented by grant funding from major foundations and individual supporters. Its go-to-market is API-first and dual distribution: direct enterprise subscriptions for data access, and embedded integration partnerships with hyperscalers, OEMs, and IoT manufacturers—notably Microsoft (Azure carbon-aware workloads), Google Nest (smart thermostats), Salesforce (sustainability reporting), Toyota (EV smart charging), and Dell Technologies (grid-aware IT)—through which its Automated Emissions Reduction (AER) technology has reached over one billion connected devices. WattTime also serves as secretariat of the Climate TRACE coalition (founded 2020 with Al Gore), an effort that applies satellite imagery and AI to track global greenhouse gas emissions and has been recognized by Time Magazine, Fast Company, and the Sierra Club.
WattTime monetizes three product families directly: (1) its core WattTime API plus load-shifting / AER technology (targeting IoT OEMs, EV companies, data center operators, smart building platforms); (2) Renewables Siting analytics (helping developers identify high-impact grid locations for new clean energy); and (3) Supply Chain Decarbonization tools, including a free Scope 2 Carbon Calculator co-developed with REsurety. The customer base spans technology, automotive, energy services, and renewable energy developers, served via both direct enterprise contracts and partner-embedded distribution.
Watt Time firmographics
Firmographics- Name
- Watt Time
- Legal name
- WattTime Corporation
- Website
- https://watttime.org
- Company type
- Private
- Founded year
- 2014
- Operating status
- Operating
- Headcount range
- 11–50 employees
- Short description
- WattTime is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that delivers an API for real-time marginal electricity emissions data (MOER) across 210+ countries, serving IoT manufacturers, cloud providers, EV companies, and smart building operators with carbon-aware load shifting technology.
- Ownership category
- akta.pro rank
Watt Time industry classification
Industry- Product category
- Climate-tech / Grid Carbon Emissions Data Platform
- NAICS
- Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution (2211)
- SIC
- Electric, Gas & Sanitary Services (4900)
- akta.pro primary industry
- Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) & Smart Metering (EUADAPAB)
- akta.pro secondary industry
- Home Energy & EV Charging (HEMS, Smart Meters, Batteries, Chargers) (HSAPAQAF)
Keywords
Where Watt Time is headquartered
LocationHeadquarters
- HQ city
- Oakland
- HQ country
- United States
- HQ region
- North America
Offices1 record
Markets served
Watt Time business model
Business model- GTM type
- B2B
- Offering type
- Software
- Cost components
- Personnel, Technology or R&D, Infrastructure, Operations, Marketing or Sales, Others
Revenue model
- Data API Subscriptions: WattTime generates revenue through tiered API subscription plans (Basic, Analyst, and Pro) that provide access to their marginal emissions data. Pricing varies by geographic coverage and support level, with annual billing. The company operates exclusively as a data and API provider with no hardware sales.
Pricing tiers
| Model | Billing | Price |
|---|---|---|
| Freemium | Annual | Basic - Free tier with limited global coverage |
| Subscription | Annual | Analyst - Paid tier with broader coverage and support |
| Subscription | Annual | Pro - Enterprise tier with full coverage and priority support |
Go-to-market motion1 record
Distribution channels2 records
Marketing channels4 records
Watt Time product offering
Product offeringCore offering
WattTime develops and operates an API platform that supplies real-time and forecast marginal emissions data (MOER), average carbon intensity (AOER), and health damage signals for electricity grids across 200+ countries. Its data and Automated Emissions Reduction (AER) technology enable IoT manufacturers, cloud providers, EV companies, energy services firms, and smart building operators to time-shift flexible loads to cleaner grid periods, optimize renewable energy siting, and run supply-chain emissions accounting.
Product overview
WattTime is an API-based platform providing grid emissions intelligence for carbon-aware applications. The core platform consists of the WattTime API delivering marginal emissions rates (MOER), health damage data, and average emissions (AOER) at 5-minute granularity across 342 grid regions in 210+ countries. The Load Shifting Solutions and Automated Emissions Reduction (AER) technology enable smart devices to automatically optimize their operation timing to minimize carbon impact, integrated with over one billion smart devices. The Scope 2 Carbon Calculator (partnered with REsurety) provides free emissions accounting. Additional offerings include Renewables Siting analytics for optimal renewable installation locations and Supply Chain Decarbonization assessment services.
Differentiator
Problem solved
Functional benefit
Products and services
- WattTime API Public REST API providing real-time and forecast marginal emissions rates (MOER), average emissions (AOER), and health-damage data for electricity grids worldwide, available to enterprise customers via tiered subscriptions (Basic, Analyst, Pro) at 5-minute granularity with 72-hour forecast horizon.
- Load Shifting Solutions Carbon-aware load shifting technology that optimizes the timing of flexible electricity loads (EV charging, smart thermostats, water heaters, batteries) to minimize carbon emissions by shifting consumption to cleaner grid periods.
- Automated Emissions Reduction (AER) Embeddable technology that automatically reduces emissions by optimizing device operation timing based on real-time grid carbon intensity data, integrated into more than one billion smart devices via partners such as Microsoft, Google Nest, Toyota, Dell Technologies, and Salesforce.
- Renewables Siting Analytics solution that uses locational marginal emissions data to identify optimal sites for new wind and solar projects, helping renewable developers prioritize locations where clean energy displaces the dirtiest generation.
- Supply Chain Decarbonization Assessment and analytics service that helps organizations evaluate and reduce emissions across their supplier networks and supply chain operations using granular marginal emissions data.
- CO2 MOER Data Signal Marginal Operating Emissions Rate data feed providing real-time and forecast carbon intensity of electricity generation at the margin, enabling carbon-aware decisions across applications.
- Health Damage Signal Data signal providing health-damage metrics associated with electricity generation emissions, quantifying the human health impacts of grid operations in addition to carbon intensity.
Quantifiable outcome
- Load shifting can reduce computing emissions by up to 20%
- +1 more outcomes
Companies that use Watt Time
Customer profileNamed customers5 records
Segments5 records
Ideal customer profiles4 records
Watt Time technology and API
TechnologyTechnology focussed Yes
API detail
- Has API
- Yes
- API docs
- API detail
Core technology
AI maturity
App detail
AI capability3 records
Feature8 records
Watt Time partnerships and signals
Strategic signalPartnerships
Eleven partnerships are on record, tiered core and minor.
- Dell TechnologiescoreDell Technologies partnered with WattTime to integrate grid-aware IT capabilities, enabling carbon-conscious data center and edge computing deployments.
- MicrosoftcoreMicrosoft integrates WattTime's marginal emissions data into their cloud computing infrastructure, enabling carbon-aware Azure workloads that shift computing to cleaner grid times.
- Google NestcoreGoogle Nest integrates WattTime's emissions data into smart thermostats, enabling automatic scheduling of heating and cooling to reduce carbon footprint based on real-time grid conditions.
- SalesforcecoreSalesforce uses WattTime's emissions data for carbon-aware cloud infrastructure and sustainability reporting features.
- ToyotacoreToyota integrates WattTime's data for smart electric vehicle charging, optimizing charging times based on grid carbon intensity.
- Boston UniversitycoreAcademic partnership for research and development of emissions modeling methodologies, with Boston University researchers collaborating on the marginal emissions science.
- ClearloopminorEnvironmental impact company focused on carbon reduction, partnering on joint sustainability initiatives.
- DNV GLminorEnergy and sustainability advisory firm collaborating on grid emissions analysis and verification.
- Great Lakes Protection FundminorEnvironmental foundation collaborating on regional grid emissions analysis and Great Lakes area sustainability initiatives.
- Nightingale HQminorPartnership for Carbon-Aware AI development, combining WattTime's emissions data with Nightingale's AI capabilities.
- Climate TRACEcoreWattTime co-founded Climate TRACE, a coalition using satellite imagery and AI to track global greenhouse gas emissions. Climate TRACE has been recognized by Time Magazine and Fast Company.
Scale indicators5 records
Recent moves6 records
Expansion highlights6 records
Watt Time competitors and assessment
Company assessmentDirect peers
- Tomorrow (now part of Watershed): API-first carbon data and accounting platform acquired by Watershed. Comparable to WattTime in delivering programmatic emissions data to developers and enterprises, and in serving carbon-aware product use cases.
- Patch: API platform for carbon credit purchasing and emissions data, serving developers and product teams that embed carbon intelligence into applications — directly overlapping WattTime's API-first, embeddable-emissions go-to-market.
- Cloverly: Carbon API enabling businesses to calculate and offset emissions programmatically. Closely aligned with WattTime's developer-focused, integration-first emissions data distribution model.
Broad incumbents
- Watershed: Enterprise carbon accounting and reduction platform. Operates in the same enterprise sustainability stack as WattTime but with a broader portfolio (accounting, reduction, reporting) rather than specializing in real-time marginal grid emissions.
- Persefoni: Climate management and carbon accounting platform for enterprises. Competes for the same enterprise sustainability budgets as WattTime but is positioned as a full-stack accounting and disclosure platform rather than a real-time emissions data API.
- Salesforce Net Zero Cloud: Salesforce's enterprise sustainability suite. As both a WattTime customer and a potential competitor, Salesforce offers overlapping emissions accounting capabilities bundled into its broader CRM platform.
- Microsoft Sustainability Manager: Microsoft's sustainability data and reporting platform. Comparable to WattTime in targeting enterprise carbon data workflows and overlaps in customer base (Microsoft is a WattTime partner); represents both a distribution channel and a competitive risk.
Emerging players
- SINAI Technologies: Decarbonization intelligence platform for enterprises, focusing on emissions pricing and reduction planning. Comparable in serving corporate sustainability teams with emissions analytics, though with less emphasis on real-time grid-edge signals.
- Greenly: Carbon accounting platform for SMBs and mid-market. Competes with WattTime's supply-chain decarbonization and Scope 2 reporting use cases, though at smaller scale and primarily European focus.
Others
- REsurety: Renewable energy analytics and Scope 2 carbon calculator provider that integrates WattTime's data. Comparable in the renewables siting and Scope 2 emissions space, and a partner that could expand into a more directly competitive offering.
Market position
Strengths5 records
Weaknesses5 records
Competitive moat5 records
Key risks6 records
Key highlights7 records
Customer concentration
Watt Time social profiles
Digital presenceWatt Time financial estimates
Financial estimateRevenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Watt Time leadership team
Management profileNumber of profiles
Profiles3 records
Watt Time funding detail
Funding detailFunding overview
Funding rounds6 records
Investors5 records
Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Watt Time M&A and investment
M&A and investmentM&A
Investments
M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Frequently asked questions about Watt Time
What does Watt Time do?
WattTime develops and operates an API platform that supplies real-time and forecast marginal emissions data (MOER), average carbon intensity (AOER), and health damage signals for electricity grids across 200+ countries. Its data and Automated Emissions Reduction (AER) technology enable IoT manufacturers, cloud providers, EV companies, energy services firms, and smart building operators to time-shift flexible loads to cleaner grid periods, optimize renewable energy siting, and run supply-chain emissions accounting.
Is Watt Time a public or private company?
Watt Time is a private company. It is classified as nonprofit foundation owned and is currently operating.
When was Watt Time founded?
Watt Time was founded in 2014. It employs 11 to 50 people.
Where is Watt Time based?
Watt Time is headquartered in Oakland, United States, in the North America region.
How does Watt Time make money?
One revenue line is on record: data API Subscriptions.
Who are Watt Time's main competitors?
Direct peers on record are Tomorrow (now part of Watershed), Patch and Cloverly. Broad incumbents are Watershed, Persefoni, Salesforce Net Zero Cloud and Microsoft Sustainability Manager. Emerging players are SINAI Technologies and Greenly. REsurety is listed as an others.
Does Watt Time have an API?
Yes. WattTime offers a public API providing real-time and forecast marginal emissions rates (MOER), health damage data, and average emissions (AOER) for electricity grids worldwide. The API delivers data signals at 5-minute granularity via REST endpoints with token-based authentication. Developers can access historical data, real-time emissions, and 72-hour forecasts. The API is available publicly for registered developers. Developer documentation is at docs.watttime.org.
What industry is Watt Time in?
Watt Time's product category is Climate-tech / Grid Carbon Emissions Data Platform. Its primary akta.pro industry code is EUADAPAB, Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) & Smart Metering, with a secondary code of HSAPAQAF, Home Energy & EV Charging (HEMS, Smart Meters, Batteries, Chargers). Its NAICS code is 2211 and its SIC code is 4900.