Kleros
- Company typePrivate
- Founded2018
- HeadquartersParis, France
- Headcount11–50
- GTM typeB2B
- OfferingSoftware
Kleros firmographics
Firmographics- Name
- Kleros
- Legal name
- Coopérative Kleros
- Website
- https://kleros.io
- Company type
- Private
- Founded year
- 2018
- Operating status
- Operating
- Headcount range
- 11–50 employees
- Ownership category
- akta.pro rank
Kleros industry classification
Industry- Product category
- Decentralized Dispute Resolution Protocol
- NAICS
- Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities (522320)
- SIC
- Services-Legal Services (8111), Finance Services (6199)
- akta.pro primary industry
- Dispute Resolution & DAO Arbitration (courts, mediation) (FSAPAHAH)
- akta.pro secondary industries
- Governance, Controls & Policy Automation (GRC for Web3) (FSAPAJAG), KYC/KYB Identity Verification & Onboarding (FSADALAA)
Keywords
Where Kleros is headquartered
LocationHeadquarters
- HQ city
- Paris
- HQ country
- France
- HQ region
- Europe
Offices1 record
Markets served
Kleros business model
Business model- GTM type
- B2B
- Offering type
- Software
- Cost components
- Technology or R&D, Personnel, Operations, Infrastructure, Marketing or Sales
Revenue model
- Dispute Resolution Fees: Parties submitting disputes pay arbitration fees which are distributed to jurors who vote coherently. Fees are determined by the arbitrable smart contract and scale with dispute complexity.
- Juror Staking and Rewards: Jurors stake PNK tokens to become eligible for dispute resolution. They earn rewards for coherent voting and lose tokens for incoherent votes. This creates economic incentives for quality dispute resolution.
- Curate Platform Fees: Data curation services through Curate may involve submission deposits and challenge fees that create economic incentives for list maintenance.
Go-to-market motion2 records
Distribution channels4 records
Marketing channels9 records
Kleros product offering
Product offeringCore offering
Kleros provides a decentralized arbitration protocol on Ethereum that uses crowdsourced jurors and game-theoretic incentives to resolve disputes in smart contracts and other digital transactions. Its modular platform includes the Kleros Court (arbitration), Proof of Humanity (Sybil-resistant identity), Curate (token-curated registries), Escrow, Oracle, Governor, Scout (security metadata), Enterprise, and Foresight (prediction markets). It enables trust-minimized dispute resolution for Web3 builders, finance, insurance, government, and e-commerce through ERC-792 and ERC-1497 smart-contract standards.
Product overview
Kleros is a modular platform-plus-modules architecture for decentralized dispute resolution built on Ethereum. The core platform consists of Kleros Court and Court V2 for arbitration, supported by Proof of Humanity (V1 and V2.0) for Sybil-resistant identity verification, and Kleros Curate for data curation via Token Curated Registries. Supporting modules include Kleros Oracle (with Reality.eth collaboration), Kleros Governor for DAO governance, Kleros Escrow for secure transactions, and Kleros Scout for security metadata verification with MetaMask Snaps integration. The platform also offers Foresight for prediction markets and Atlas as the underlying infrastructure powering all products. Kleros Enterprise enables institutions to integrate the protocol without direct cryptocurrency management. The ecosystem is supported by the Kleros Fellowship of Justice research program and community-led Kleros Analytics.
Differentiator
Problem solved
Functional benefit
Products and services
- Kleros Court Decentralized arbitration core product that resolves disputes on smart contracts by crowdsourcing jurors who stake PNK tokens and are economically incentivized to rule coherently with the majority. Used by Web3 builders, marketplaces, and enterprises integrating via ERC-792 and ERC-1497 standards.
- Kleros Court V2 Next-generation Court with per-product signup for Court V1, Court V2, and Foresight, configurable Court reminder times, and a major integration update released in January 2024.
- Proof of Humanity Sybil-resistant identity registry that verifies real humans through a vouching system to prevent duplicate accounts and bots in the Kleros ecosystem.
- Proof of Humanity 2.0 Enhanced identity registry with email notifications, improved profile management, and cross-chain profile transferring capabilities.
- Kleros Curate Data curation service using Token Curated Registries (TCRs) to create and maintain decentralized lists with economic incentives and dispute resolution for contested entries.
- Kleros Scout Safe, decentralized verification tool for checking whether crypto websites, tokens, or contracts are secure to interact with; integrates with MetaMask via Snaps for in-wallet security metadata.
- Kleros Enterprise Enterprise offering that lets institutions integrate "justice as a service" into their products without managing cryptocurrency directly.
- Kleros Oracle Crowd-sourced on-chain smart-contract oracle developed in collaboration with Reality.eth for accessing reliable real-world data through decentralized verification.
- Kleros Governor Decentralized DAO governance tool that uses Kleros dispute resolution to resolve governance ambiguities and decentralize control.
- Kleros Escrow Secure on-chain peer-to-peer escrow service backed by Kleros dispute resolution for protecting transactions between counterparties.
- Kleros Foresight Prediction-market platform for forecasting events and outcomes, currently in experimental phase with the first experiment launched in June 2026 using movie preference data.
- Harmony AI Mediator Bot AI-powered mediator bot built on OpenAI's GPT-4 and Kleros Mediation Bridge principles that processes text-based dispute information and generates responses for dispute resolution assistance.
Quantifiable outcome
- Reduced dispute resolution costs by enabling crowdsourced adjudication instead of expensive legal proceedings
- +2 more outcomes
Companies that use Kleros
Customer profileNamed customers5 records
Segments6 records
Ideal customer profiles5 records
Kleros technology and API
TechnologyTechnology focussed Yes
API detail
- Has API
- No
- API docs
- API detail
Core technology
AI maturity
App detail
Integration4 records
AI capability4 records
Feature8 records
Kleros partnerships and signals
Strategic signalPartnerships
Six partnerships are on record, tiered flagship and core.
- Stanford Journal of Blockchain Law & PolicyflagshipKleros sponsors the Stanford Journal of Blockchain Law & Policy, the first academic law journal dedicated to blockchain. This partnership supports research on decentralized justice and governance. Kleros previously published its seminal article 'When Online Dispute Resolution Meets Blockchain: The Birth of Decentralized Justice' in this journal.
- University of OxfordflagshipKleros established the Doctoral Research Support Grant, a fully-funded doctorate in Computer Science at Oxford. Research supervised by Dr. Paul Goldberg focuses on voting and incentive systems in decentralized justice. The partnership advances academic research in the field.
- Ink Protocol / ListiacorePartnership integrating Kleros dispute resolution into the Ink Protocol marketplace, which powers the Listia marketplace with over 10 million registered users. Enables peer-to-peer dispute resolution for buyers and sellers.
- DethercoreIntegration of Kleros dispute resolution into Dether's cryptocurrency exchange platform to handle disputes between platform members, protecting both suppliers and consumers.
- Reality.ethcoreCollaboration on crowd-sourced oracle system combining Reality.eth's oracle technology with Kleros dispute resolution for subjective data verification on-chain.
- Gnosis ChaincoreKleros deployed on Gnosis Chain (formerly xDai) for lower-cost dispute resolution. New court proposal submitted for Gnosis Chain integration.
Scale indicators5 records
Recent moves6 records
Expansion highlights6 records
Kleros competitors and assessment
Company assessmentEmerging players
- Worldcoin: Sybil-resistant proof-of-personhood system — directly comparable to Kleros' Proof of Humanity in the human-verification category, though with different (biometric) mechanism.
- Gnosis Safe (Safe): Multi-signature wallet platform whose Zodiac module integrates Kleros Court as a dispute resolution mechanism — an integration partner and adjacent infrastructure peer in the DAO treasury stack.
- Snapshot: Off-chain DAO voting with optional on-chain dispute resolution via Reality.eth/Kleros. Indirectly comparable as adjacent governance infrastructure often paired with Kleros in DAO stacks.
- Jur: Decentralized justice platform built on Ethereum with dispute resolution and arbitration features; direct conceptual competitor in the decentralized ODR category.
Broad incumbents
- Chainlink: Dominant oracle network; comparable as a decentralized data-verification layer for smart contracts, though Chainlink focuses on objective price feeds versus Kleros' subjective disputes.
- Modria (Tyler Technologies): Established centralized online dispute resolution platform serving courts, government, and enterprises — direct traditional competitor in the ODR market Kleros targets with its Enterprise offering.
Direct peers
- UMA Protocol: Optimistic oracle with a dispute-resolution mechanism using a similar Schelling-point / game-theoretic design. Most directly comparable protocol competitor, with broader DeFi integration and a substantially larger treasury.
- Aragon: DAO governance platform with on-chain dispute resolution module; competes with Kleros Governor in the DAO governance dispute vertical.
- Reality.eth: Subjective on-chain oracle with dispute resolution that actually integrates with Kleros Court as its resolution layer. Closest technical peer and explicit collaboration partner.
Others
- OpenZeppelin: Smart contract security and audit firm — adjacent rather than competing, but relevant context as institutional buyers evaluating on-chain dispute infrastructure will weigh audit/security partnerships.
Market position
Strengths5 records
Weaknesses5 records
Competitive moat5 records
Key risks6 records
Key highlights7 records
Customer concentration
Kleros social profiles
Digital presenceKleros financial estimates
Financial estimateRevenue estimate
Valuation estimate
Kleros leadership team
Management profileNumber of profiles
Profiles2 records
Kleros funding detail
Funding detailFunding overview
Funding rounds
Investors
Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Kleros M&A and investment
M&A and investmentM&A
Investments1 record
M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →
Frequently asked questions about Kleros
What does Kleros do?
Kleros provides a decentralized arbitration protocol on Ethereum that uses crowdsourced jurors and game-theoretic incentives to resolve disputes in smart contracts and other digital transactions. Its modular platform includes the Kleros Court (arbitration), Proof of Humanity (Sybil-resistant identity), Curate (token-curated registries), Escrow, Oracle, Governor, Scout (security metadata), Enterprise, and Foresight (prediction markets). It enables trust-minimized dispute resolution for Web3 builders, finance, insurance, government, and e-commerce through ERC-792 and ERC-1497 smart-contract standards.
Is Kleros a public or private company?
Kleros is a private company. It is classified as management employee owned and is currently operating.
When was Kleros founded?
Kleros was founded in 2018. It employs 11 to 50 people.
Where is Kleros based?
Kleros is headquartered in Paris, France, in the Europe region.
How does Kleros make money?
Three revenue lines are on record. Dispute Resolution Fees are the primary driver. The others are juror Staking and Rewards and curate Platform Fees.
Who are Kleros's main competitors?
Emerging players on record are Worldcoin, Gnosis Safe (Safe), Snapshot and Jur. Broad incumbents are Chainlink and Modria (Tyler Technologies). Direct peers are UMA Protocol, Aragon and Reality.eth. OpenZeppelin is listed as an others.
Does Kleros have an API?
No public API is recorded for Kleros.
What industry is Kleros in?
Kleros's product category is Decentralized Dispute Resolution Protocol. Its primary akta.pro industry code is FSAPAHAH, Dispute Resolution & DAO Arbitration (courts, mediation), with a secondary code of FSAPAJAG, Governance, Controls & Policy Automation (GRC for Web3). Its NAICS code is 522320 and its SIC code is 8111.