Galileo

What Galileo does

Galileo Protocol is an open-source blockchain infrastructure protocol for luxury product authentication and provenance tracking, operated by Galileo Network EURL (SIREN 919 409 862), a privately held French company headquartered in Bordeaux with a €1,000 share capital and 11–50 employees under the management of Pierre Beunardeau. The protocol targets luxury brands and resale platforms across haute horlogerie, maroquinerie, fine jewelry, art and collectibles, secondary market, and regulatory compliance use cases, addressing a counterfeiting problem that exceeds $500 billion annually in global luxury goods trade.

The technology stack combines an on-chain identity and ownership layer on Coinbase's Base L2 (using ERC-3643 tokens with a 1:1 single-supply pattern and five pluggable compliance modules) with an off-chain Digital Product Passport layer connected through a GS1 Digital Link resolver and W3C-compliant did:galileo DIDs. Notable components include the CRAB model for GDPR-compliant blockchain immutability (claim-hash on-chain, raw data off-chain, access-controlled, blinded deletion), post-quantum cryptography via ML-DSA-65/87 with crypto-agility, ONCHAINID-based KYC/KYB with 12 claim topics, and EPCIS 2.0-aligned lifecycle event schemas. The product surface comprises the open protocol itself, a REST API (Railway), a B2B Dashboard (Vercel), a Consumer Scanner PWA (Vercel), a Gas Estimator, and a Testnet Faucet; 48 technical specifications across architecture, compliance, identity, infrastructure, resolver, schemas, and token categories are published under Apache 2.0.

The business model is currently pre-revenue and community-led: the protocol is free to adopt, pricing is not publicly disclosed, no customer logos or funding rounds are recorded, and revenue mechanics are planned rather than active. Forward-looking monetization is structured around a T1 utility token (1B fixed supply, ERC-4337 gas abstraction Paymaster, staking-gated premium API tiers with 5–15% discounts, and a buy-back-and-burn treasury). Governance is delegated to an 11-member Technical Steering Committee with anti-dominance rules to maintain neutrality across competing luxury brands.

Name

Galileo

Legal name

Galileo Network EURL

Website

https://galileoprotocol.io

Company type

Private

Founded year

2026

Operating status

Operating

Headcount range

101–250 employees

Short description

Galileo Protocol is an open-source blockchain protocol for luxury product authentication, providing ERC-3643 token infrastructure, W3C-compliant DIDs, and Digital Product Passports on Coinbase's Base L2 for brands in timepieces, leather goods, jewelry, and art.

Ownership category

akta.pro rank

Product category

Luxury Product Authentication Protocol

NAICS

Financial Transactions Processing, Reserve, and Clearinghouse Activities (522320)

SIC

Security & Commodity Brokers, Dealers, Exchanges & Services (6200)

akta.pro primary industry

Privacy, Data Protection & Compliance (zk compliance, GDPR/PII handling) (FSAPAJAM)

Keywords

• Luxury product authentication
• Blockchain provenance tracking
• Digital product passport
• Supply chain traceability
• Brand authentication protocol

Headquarters

HQ city

Bordeaux

HQ country

France

HQ region

Europe

Offices1 record

Markets served

GTM type

B2B

Offering type

Software

Cost components

Technology or R&D, Personnel, Infrastructure, Operations, Marketing or Sales

Revenue model

1. Protocol Token Economics: T1 utility token (ERC-20) planned with 1B fixed supply and deflationary mechanism via buy-back-and-burn. Gas abstraction via ERC-4337 Paymaster allowing brands and users to pay gas in T1 instead of ETH. Mint and transfer fees accepted in EUR, T1, or LEOX with 10% discount for T1 payments.
2. Staking for Premium Features: T1 token staking unlocks premium API tiers, advanced analytics, and priority support. On-chain discount logic provides 5-15% savings depending on staking tier.
3. Protocol Treasury & Governance: Multi-sig treasury governed by T1 holders. Quarterly allocation of protocol revenues used to purchase T1 on open market and burn, creating deflationary pressure.

Go-to-market motion2 records

Distribution channels5 records

Marketing channels5 records

Core offering

Galileo Protocol is an open-source blockchain protocol that gives each luxury product a unique cryptographically-secured digital identity via ERC-3643 tokens anchored on Coinbase's Base L2, with immutable ownership and service-history records, GS1-compliant QR/NFC verification, and a Digital Product Passport designed for EU ESPR 2027 compliance. The protocol is delivered as a REST API, a B2B brand administration dashboard, and a consumer-facing progressive web app for scanning and verifying luxury goods.

Product overview

Galileo Protocol is an open-source protocol platform for luxury product authentication and provenance tracking, licensed under Apache 2.0 and built on a hybrid on-chain/off-chain architecture on Base L2. The portfolio consists of the Galileo Protocol core (the open standard itself, encompassing the identity framework with W3C DIDs and ERC-3643, token architecture, GS1 Digital Link resolver, and compliance modules for GDPR, MiCA, and ESPR), backed by three live platform components: the Galileo API (REST API powering authentication, product lifecycle, resolver, webhooks, and audit trail), the Galileo Dashboard (B2B brand administration portal), and the Galileo Scanner PWA (consumer QR verification app). Developer tooling includes the Gas Estimator and Testnet Faucet. The GS1 Digital Link Resolver is core infrastructure within the API. Planned Phase 3 additions include the Token Factory (no-code ERC-3643 deployment) and Token Explorer; Phase 5 planned additions include native mobile scanner apps, and the @galileo/sdk in TypeScript and Python.

Differentiator

Problem solved

Functional benefit

Products and services

• Galileo Protocol (Core) Open-source (Apache 2.0) blockchain protocol providing decentralized, cryptographically-secured digital identities for luxury products via ERC-3643 tokens anchored on Base L2, with immutable provenance records and instant QR/NFC/serial verification. Designed for luxury brand administrators and developers, not for direct consumer purchase.
• Galileo API REST API providing product lifecycle management, GS1 Digital Link resolution, webhook notifications, and audit trail capabilities for luxury brands integrating the protocol. Supports both session-based authentication and Web3 wallet (SIWE/EIP-4361) sign-in with RBAC roles (ADMIN, BRAND_ADMIN, OPERATOR, VIEWER).
• Galileo Dashboard B2B portal for luxury brand administrators enabling product management, batch import, batch minting, product recall, ownership transfer, GDPR self-service, and audit log export. Integrates with MetaMask, Rabby, and Coinbase Smart Wallet via wagmi.
• Galileo Scanner PWA Consumer-facing Progressive Web App that scans GS1 Digital Link QR codes and surfaces product authenticity information plus the full provenance timeline, with offline caching of previously scanned products.
• GS1 Digital Link Resolver URI resolution service that bridges physical luxury products to digital records by resolving GS1 Digital Link URIs (e.g., https://id.galileoprotocol.io/01/:gtin/21/:serial) into JSON-LD Digital Product Passports with role-appropriate views for consumers, brands, and regulators. Supports 14-digit GTIN compatibility.
• Gas Estimator Developer tool providing real-time gas cost estimates on Base Sepolia for Galileo Protocol operations such as token minting, transfers, and identity registration, with ETH price sourced from CoinGecko.
• Testnet Faucet Free Base Sepolia testnet ETH faucet rate-limited to one request per wallet per 24 hours, dispensing 0.001 ETH per drip to fund developer and brand integration testing of Digital Product Passport workflows.

Quantifiable outcome

• Global counterfeiting market exceeds $500 billion annually, with luxury goods among most targeted sectors

Segments6 records

Ideal customer profiles4 records

Technology focussed Yes

API detail

Has API

Yes

API docs

API detail

Core technology

AI maturity

App detail

Integration5 records

Feature12 records

Partnerships

One partnership is on record.

• Base (Coinbase L2)coreTechnology or IntegrationGalileo Protocol is built on Base, Coinbase's L2 network. The ecosystem integration plans include Base Paymaster for gas sponsorship (brand-sponsored gas), Base Batched for high-volume minting efficiency, OnchainKit for wallet/authentication, AgentKit for on-chain automation, Mini Apps for embedded experiences, Spindl for on-chain analytics, and Base Data for real-time event streaming and SQL analytics.

Scale indicators6 records

Recent moves6 records

Expansion highlights6 records

Emerging players

• Chronicled: Blockchain-based supply chain solutions including product authentication and provenance through web3 primitives. Competes in the same adjacent digital-traceability space as Galileo, with strong pharma and consumer goods deployments.
• Circulor: Blockchain supply chain traceability platform with deployments in automotive batteries, minerals, and luxury goods. Comparable to Galileo in technical architecture (enterprise blockchain) and end-goal (verifiable provenance for high-value physical goods), though with broader industry coverage.
• Circularise: Blockchain-based materials traceability platform focused on plastics, textiles, and leather supply chains. Directly overlaps with Galileo's leather goods, material authenticity, and tannery traceability use cases, with a stronger sustainability/compliance narrative.
• OriginTrail: Decentralized knowledge graph for supply chain interoperability, with stated use cases in luxury goods traceability, pharma, and food. Competes on the same provenance and DPP narrative but with a less tokenized, more semantic-web-flavoured technical approach than Galileo.
• Everledger: Blockchain-based provenance platform initially focused on diamonds and gemstones, with subsequent expansion into luxury goods, EV batteries, and other high-value assets. Targets the same luxury DPP and provenance authentication use cases as Galileo, particularly in jewelry and high-end collectibles.
• Provenance: Blockchain-based supply chain traceability platform helping brands verify the journey of products from raw material to consumer. Targets adjacent verticals (food, apparel, retail) but the same underlying product provenance and DPP problem Galileo addresses in luxury.

Others

• Entrupy: AI-powered physical authentication service for luxury handbags, sneakers, and accessories using computer vision and microscopy. Not a blockchain or protocol play, but addresses the same counterfeit problem for luxury brands and could be a complementary or substitute solution to Galileo's digital passport approach.

Direct peers

• Arianee: Paris-based blockchain protocol providing digital product passports and digital identity for luxury brands, also French-headquartered with similar enterprise-blockchain DNA. Like Galileo, it pursues the same regulated-luxury authentication category, making it the closest geographic and product competitor.
• Aura Blockchain Consortium: Luxury blockchain consortium founded by LVMH, Prada, Cartier, and OTB providing a shared blockchain-based authentication solution for high-end goods. Directly competes with Galileo for the same luxury DPP and provenance use case, with the key difference being proprietary single-consortium governance versus Galileo's open standard.

Broad incumbents

• VeChain: Established enterprise blockchain platform with deep supply chain and product authentication deployments across luxury (e.g., LVMH wine/spirits), automotive, and pharmaceutical verticals. Broader scope than Galileo but provides a comparable technical and commercial reference point for luxury product traceability.

Market position

Strengths4 records

Weaknesses4 records

Competitive moat5 records

Key risks6 records

Key highlights6 records

Customer concentration

• GitHubgithub.com/originlabs-app/galileo-protocol
• Xx.com/galileoprotocol
• Facebookfacebook.com/galileoprotocol
• LinkedInlinkedin.com/company/galileo-network

Compliance5 records

Revenue estimate

Valuation estimate

Number of profiles

Profiles1 record

Funding overview

Funding rounds

Investors

Funding detail is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

M&A

Investments

M&A and investment is available on the Subscription and Enterprise plan.Contact sales →

Frequently asked questions about Galileo